Characteristics of elderly patients with fibromyalgia: a pilot retrospective study

Background and aims: Very little informations are available about the characteristics of fibromyalgia (FM) in older patients. The objective of the study was to know better what are some of their specificities in order to tailor the management of elderly patients with FM. Methods: Retrospective chart review of all patients with a diagnosis of FM addressed to the pain consultation of a geriatric hospital, have been analysed. Results: Forty patients (38 women and 2 men) were included. Mean age at the moment of diagnosis of FM was 75±9.1 years. Patients were hospitalized with a mean of 6±5.2 years after onset of FM. Median pain intensity measured by a visual or numerical pain scale was 6 at rest and 9 during mobilisation. Seventeen patients were isolated at home because of pain. Symptoms associated with FM were depression (n=25), fatigue and poor sleep quality (n=24), anxiety (n=15), irritable bowel syndrome (n=10), restless leg syndrome (n=3) and tension-type headache (n=2). Traumatic events, such as the death of a relative or nursing home admission were frequent. Twenty-four patients were discharged home, 13 patients in a nursing home and 3 patients died during the hospitalisation. Discussion: Although elderly patients with FM constituted a small proportion of elderly patient's addressed to a pain consultation, these patients have some particular features that must be taken into account. Further prospective studies should be conducted in this populatio

Primary pulmonary malignant meningioma with lymph node and liver metastasis in a centenary woman, an autopsy case

Primary meningiomas arising outside the central nervous system are very rare. They have been reported in the head and neck region, in the thorax, the retroperitoneum, and the pelvis. Usually, they behave as slow-growing tumors with a good prognosis. Herein, we report an autopsy case of a 108-year-old woman, known for a right-sided slowly growing lung nodule for 39years. Death was attributed to cachexia. At post-mortem, a 15-cm mass was present in the right inferior lobe of the lung, associated with an ipsilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, and another 10-cm mass in the liver. Histology revealed a WHO grade III meningioma. No tumor was observed in the cranial cavity. This case illustrates a rare location of meningioma and highlights its biological behavior, with a very slow progression from a most probably benign tumor to a malignant lesion with metastasis over four decade

A short comprehensive assessment to predict outcome of elderly patients after hip fracture

Background and aims: Hip fractures result in significant functional impairment and a high rate of institutionalization. The aim of our study was to evaluate in patients with a recent hip fracture the contribution of a short (15-min) comprehensive assessment to predict the length of stay and the risk of discharge to a nursing home. Methods: Prospective clinical study conducted in a rehabilitation ward of the Geriatric Hospital. Functional assessment included basic activities of daily living (BADL), cognitive status (MMSE) and a 4-item geriatric depression scale (Mini-GDS). Information on demographic data, living situation, diagnosis and illness burden was also collected. Results: The mean age of the 86 patients (67W/19M) was 84.2±6.8 years. In a multiple regression analysis, the length of stay in a geriatric hospital was significantly associated with both marital status (living alone) (p=0.035) and the intervention of a caregiver on a regular basis (p=0.036), but not with Charlson's comorbidity score. In a logistic regression model, adjusted for age, gender, marital status, intervention of a caregiver on a regular basis, BADL, Mini-GDS and Charlson's comorbidity score, the only independent predictor of nursing home admission was a MMSE <24, which increased by 10.7-fold (2.2-50.9) the risk of being admitted to a nursing home (p=0.003). Conclusions: A short comprehensive assessment completed a few days after a hip fracture is useful in predicting length of stay and risk of nursing home admissio

End-of-Life Care of Persons With Dementia

Many clinicians with different training and practice are involved in the care of persons with dementia. Whereas neurologists and psychiatrists focus their attention on the early phase of dementia, geriatricians and palliative care specialists are particularly involved at the end of demented patients' lives. To summarize the progress of knowledge in this field, it seems possible to answer four fundamental questions. When? Several longitudinal studies of cohorts of demented and nondemented patients showed clearly that dementia is a risk factor for early death. There are no survival differences between Alzheimer's and Lewy body disease patients. Patients with vascular dementia have the worst prognosis. These results need to be analyzed with consideration of associated comorbidity, types and intensity of care, and dementia treatment. Why? Studies conducted on the basis of death certificates appear to be biased. A large autopsy study performed in the geriatric department of Geneva University Hospital showed no difference existed in immediate causes of death between demented and nondemented hospitalized old patients. On the other hand, cardiac causes are significantly more frequent in vascular dementia than in Alzheimer's disease or mixed dementia patients. How? Deaths of demented patients raise a lot of ethical considerations. It is always difficult to know demented patients' awareness of the end of life. It is really difficult to accompany these patients, with whom communication is essentially nonverbal. During this delicate phase of the end of life, how can formal health professionals help the family members who are afraid of both death and dementia? And after? Suffering of family members and caregivers has to be strongly considered. This goal includes the improvement of our communication skills with the patient, and the facilitation of interdisciplinary exchanges with the caregiver's team and with the family members to allow acceptance of the deat

Feasibility and Reliability of Four Pain Self-Assessment Scales and Correlation With an Observational Rating Scale in Hospitalized Elderly Demented Patients

Background. Acute and chronic pain is common in hospitalized demented elderly people, yet there are limited data about the performance of pain assessment tools in this population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and reliability of four pain self-assessment scales in this population and compare their performance to an observational pain rating scale. Methods. Our prospective clinical study was conducted in an acute-care and intermediate-care geriatric hospital on 160 consecutive inpatient referrals to the dementia consultation who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV criteria for dementia. Exclusion criteria were delirium, terminal care, and severe sensory impairment. Four unidimensional self-assessment tools—the verbal, horizontal visual, vertical visual, and faces pain scales—were administered in randomized order to mild, moderate, and severely demented patients. An observational pain rating scale was independently completed by the nursing team. Results. Only 12% of the 160 patients (mean age 85 years, 71% women) understood no scale. Respectively, 97%, 90%, and 40% of patients with mild, moderate, and severe dementia understood at least one scale (p <.05). There was a nonsignificant trend toward poorer comprehension of the faces scale. Test-retest reliability was high for all four self-assessment scales, and the correlation between these scales was very strong (Spearman's rs = 0.81-0.95; p <.001). Observational rating correlated moderately with self-assessment and tended to underestimate pain intensity (rs = 0.31-0.40; p <.05). Conclusions. Self-assessment pain scales can be used reliably in the vast majority of older hospitalized patients with mild to moderate dementia and in nearly half of those with severe dementia. Observational pain rating scales correlate only moderately with self-assessment and should be reserved for those few patients who have demonstrated that they cannot complete a self-assessmen

Palliative care provision for people living with heart failure: The Geneva model

As life expectancy rises and the survival rate after acute cardiovascular events improves, the number of people living and dying with chronic heart failure is increasing. People suffering from chronic ischemic and non-ischemic heart disease may experience a significant limitation of their quality of life which can be addressed by palliative care. Although international guidelines recommend the implementation of integrated palliative care for patients with heart failure, models of care are scarce and are often limited to patients at the end of life. In this paper, we describe the implementation of a model designed to improve the early integration of palliative care for patients with heart failure. This model has enabled patients to access palliative care when they normally would not have and given them the opportunity to plan their care in line with their values and preferences. However, the effectiveness of this interdisciplinary model of care on patients' quality of life and symptom burden still requires evaluation

Recollection of participating in a trial: A qualitative study of patients with severe and very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

<div><p>Background</p><p>Despite having similar palliative needs to patients with lung cancer, advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are less likely to receive palliative care. To evaluate the effect of introducing specialized palliative care with severe to very severe COPD patients, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in Switzerland.</p><p>Aim</p><p>To explore COPD patients’ recollection of the trial, their needs and the usefulness of the palliative care interventions.</p><p>Design and setting</p><p>Qualitative study with advanced COPD patients who participated in a specialized palliative care intervention, conducted in a general hospital.</p><p>Method</p><p>Eighteen patients with severe to very severe COPD were interviewed about their experiences. Interviews were transcribed and thematic content analysis was performed.</p><p>Results</p><p>Patients had poor recollection of the trial and difficulties understanding the palliative care intervention. No major differences were observed between patients who received the specialized intervention and those who did not. Content analysis emphasized that although they experienced disabling symptoms, participants tended to attribute their limitations to problems other than COPD and some declared that they were not sick. Patients reported restrictions due to oxygen therapy, and the burden of becoming dependent on it. This dependence resulted in intense anxiety, leading participants to focus on the present only. A strong feeling of perceived helplessness emerged from the patients’ interviews.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Our findings suggest that poor recollection and understanding of the palliative care intervention act as barriers to the conduct of clinical trials with severe and very severe COPD patients. Their cognitive difficulties, perception of COPD, functional limitations, overwhelming anxiety, focus on the present and perceived helplessness also seem to hinder the implementation of such care.</p></div

Measuring the diffusion of palliative care in long-term care facilities – a death census

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The dissemination of palliative care for patients presenting complex chronic diseases at various stages has become an important matter of public health. A death census in Swiss long-term care facilities (LTC) was set up with the aim of monitoring the frequency of selected indicators of palliative care. METHODS: The survey covered 150 LTC facilities (105 nursing homes and 45 home health services), each of which was asked to complete a questionnaire for every non-accidental death over a period of six months. The frequency of 4 selected indicators of palliative care (resort to a specialized palliative care service, the administration of opiates, use of any pain measurement scale or other symptom measurement scale) was monitored in respect of the stages of care and analysed based on gender, age, medical condition and place of residence. RESULTS: Overall, 1200 deaths were reported, 29.1% of which were related to cancer. The frequencies of each indicator varied according to the type of LTC, mostly regarding the administration of opiate. It appeared that the access to palliative care remained associated with cancer, terminal care and partly with age, whereas gender and the presence of mental disorders had no effect on the indicators. In addition, the use of drugs was much more frequent than the other indicators. CONCLUSION: The profile of patients with access to palliative care must become more diversified. Among other recommendations, equal access to opiates in nursing homes and in home health services, palliative care at an earlier stage and the systematic use of symptom management scales when resorting to opiates have to become of prime concern