Extension of the Huttner-Barnett model to a magnetodielectric medium

The Huttner$-$Barnett model is extended to a magnetodielectric medium by adding a new matter field to this model. The eigenoperators for the coupled system are calculated and electromagnetic field is written in terms of these operators. The electric and magnetic susceptibility of the medium are explicitly derived and shown to satisfy the Kramers$-$Kronig relations. It is shown that the results obtained in this model are equivalent to the results obtained from the phenomenological methods.Comment: 25 page

General methods for designing single-mode planar photonic crystal waveguides in hexagonal lattice structures

We systematically investigate and compare general methods of designing single mode photonic crystal waveguides in a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice of air holes in a dielectric material. We apply the rather general methods to dielectric-core hexagonal lattice photonic crystals since they have not been widely explored before. We show that it is possible to obtain single mode guiding in a limited portion of the photonic bandgap of hexagonal lattice structures. We also compare the potentials of different photonic crystal lattices for designing single-mode waveguides and conclude that triangular lattice structures are the best choice

Growth performance, carcass composition, and immunophysiological indices in juvenile great sturgeon (Huso huso) fed on commercial prebiotic, Immunoster

Growth performance, carcass composition, and immunophysiological indices in juvenile great sturgeon (Huso huso) fed on commercial prebiotic Immunoster (IS) were investigated. After a four-week acclimatization period, 270 great sturgeon juveniles weighing 95.68 ± 10.05 g were randomly distributed into 9 fiberglass tanks in three replicates and kept at a density of 30 fish per tank for a period of 8 weeks at water temperature 20.55 ± 5.11ºC and dissolved oxygen 6.73 ± 0.35 mg L^-1. IS was added at two levels of 1% and 3% to the basal diet in place of cellulose. At the end of the trial, blood sampling and carcass analysis were conducted. Weight, length, body weight increase (BWI), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and condition factor (CF) were significantly affected by IS 3% compared with IS 1% and the control (P<0.05). There was significant difference (P<0.05) in crude protein of carcass between the experimental groups. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) showed significantly higher levels in experimental treatments compared with the control (P<0.05). Immunoglobulin M (IgM) level and lysozyme activity in IS 1% group were higher than the control group. It can be concluded that IS can enhance growth performance and improve some immunophysiological indices of great sturgeon

Species identification reveals mislabeling of important fish products in Iran by DNA barcoding

This study reports on the molecular identification of fish species from processed products which had a priori been classified as belonging to 5 important species in Iran for human consumption. DNA barcoding using direct sequencing of an approximately 650bp of mitochondrial Cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene revealed incorrect labeling of Narrow-barred Spanish mackerel samples. High occurrence of fraudulent fishery products, if left unchecked, can pose a negative impact on the economy. This investigation adds further concern on the trading of processed fish products in Iran from both health and conservation points of view

Study of anaesthetic effects of clove oil (Eugenia caryophyllata) in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) under various pH and temperature condition

The anaesthetic effects of clove oil in juvenile common carp (8-12 g) were investigated under various water quality conditions, consisting of different pH and temperature. The time to loss the equilibrium, induction of anesthesia, equilibrium recovery and response recovery were measured. The results showed that clove oil induced the desirable anaesthetic condition in less than 3 minutes in all experiments. However the time of equilibrium recovery and response recovery were longer than 5 minutes in many cases. When using clove oil at concentration of 100ppm, the most suitable anaesthetic effects and recovery times were observed at water temperature of 25֯ C and pH=7 and 8,as well as at 30֯ C with pH=9. No morbidity or mortality occurred during induction of anesthesia by clove oil and recovery of fishes

A systematic review of the effects of dietary interventions on neonatal outcomes in adolescent pregnancy

© 2015 The Royal College of Midwives. Background. Poor nutrition negatively impacts on pregnancy outcome, fetal growth and neonatal survival. Adolescent mothers, with competing demands of a growing baby and their own rising nutritional requirements, often have poor diets. Despite recognition of their physiological immaturity and nutritional inadequacies, along with evidence highlighting significant differences between adolescent and adult pregnancy outcomes, systematic evidence on the effects of supplementation on adolescent pregnancy is scarce. Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of dietary interventions on neonatal outcomes in adolescent pregnancy (19 and under). Method. CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane, Maternity and Infant Care, Scopus and MEDLINE databases were searched using selected terminology. Titles and abstracts were screened with selected papers reviewed in full by two authors against the inclusion criteria. Any randomised controlled trials in which the effects of nutritional interventions were evaluated in adolescent pregnancy were included. Data were extracted on study quality, design, compliance, dose and duration of intervention, and main birth outcomes, and analysed using Review Manager. Results. Five studies out of 18 identified were included. Four used supplementation (three zinc, one calcium) with one intervention comparing dairy products to fortified orange juice. The limited available data showed a significant effect from zinc supplementation in reducing the likelihood of low birthweight (RR [95%CI]: 0.39 [0.15, 0.98], one study, n=507) and that having four servings of dairy per day increased average birthweight in adolescent pregnancy (MD [95%CI]: 240g [110.83, 369.17]). Conclusion. High-quality comparative studies between supplements and food sources to improve birth outcomes for adolescent pregnancies, focusing on the clinical effectiveness and acceptability are urgently needed

Suspended sediment estimation of Ekbatan reservoir sub basin using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and sediment rating curves (SRC)

River morphodynamics and sediment transportMechanics of sediment transpor