Evaluation of chemical composition and energy value of of the diets of highly skilled athletes

159 highly skilled athletes were surveyed in the pre-competition period of sports training. A comparative assessment of the energy value and chemical composition of athletes diets on the basis of the questionnaire method of 24-hour (daily) reproduction of nutrition showed significant variability and dependence on the type of sports specialization of activities and gender of athletes. In particular, statistically significant (p <0.05) increase in the energy consumption value of rations in biathlonists was shown in comparison with athletes specializing in bullet shooting of various specializations of bobsleigh (overclockers and pilots) both in the male group (33.4%, 14, 8%, 31.5%), respectively, and female (33.9%, 13.8%, 41.7%), respectively. In the bobsledder of both sex groups specializing in overclocking, the energy values of rations were also statistically higher than those of athletes from the group of bullet shooting and bobsleigh pilots: by 21.7% and 19.6%, respectively, in the male group and 23.2% and 32.3%, respectively, in the female. Depending on the type of athletic activity and gender of athletes, the consumption of the main macro-intravenous animals varied significantly. In particular, the amount of protein ranged from 119.2 to 200.2 g/day in men and from 79.5 to 170.1 g/day in women; fat - 119.1-164.2 g / day for men and 84.6-148.8 g/day for women; carbohydrates - 385.1-594.6 g/day, in men and 285.5-475.6 in women

Variant anatomy of children’s renal arteries

The purpose of the study is to establish the features of children’s renal arteries of different genders and ages.Цель исследования - установить особенности почечных артерий у детей разного пола и возраста

THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIAGNOSTICS AND ALIMENTARY PREVENTION SYSTEM OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

Background: Violation of dietary intake structure leads to changes in nutritional status. This contributes to the development of non-communicable diseases, which account for more than half of causes of death inRussia. Materials and methods: In a consultative and diagnostic center "Healthy Nutrition" of theInstituteofNutritionthe nutritional status of 3580 patients (mean age 48.4±0.3  years) has been examined, including genomic and post-translational analysis. 30.0% of patients were overweight and 34.1% were obese.Results: Analysis of actual dietary intake showed an increase in energy intake due to excess intake of total (44.2%  energy) and saturated fat (13.6%). Serum biochemistry analyses revealed increased cholesterol levels in 68.7%  of patients, increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in 63.9%, increased triglycerides in 22.5%, and increased blood glucose in 29.4%. The frequencies of risk alleles of genes associated with development of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus were as follows: 47.8% for the polymorphism rs9939609 (FTO gene), 8.3% for the polymorphism rs4994 (gene ADRB3), 60.2% for the polymorphism rs659366 (gene UCP2), 36.6% for the rs5219  polymorphism in the gene of ATPdependent potassium channel.Conclusion: These results can be used for development of a personalized diet based on assessment of a patient's nutritional status

Comorbidities and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Elderly Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Aim. To assess comorbidities in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and to analyze patient subgroups with different treatment strategies in the Regional Vascular Center (RVC).Material and methods. The prospective study included 205 patients with confirmed ACS 75 years and older, the mean age was 81±4.9 years, and 68% were women. ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was diagnosed in 46 (22.4 %) patients, non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) was diagnosed in 159 (77,6 %) patients. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was calculated in every patient. Early outcomes were defined as those assessed during hospital stay. Late outcomes were assessed at 6 months after the discharge using phone calls and/or clinic visits. All patients provided written informed consent.Results. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed in 42% of patients. In patients with STEMI and NSTEMI PCI was performed in 73% and 32%, respectively. Mean CCI score was 7.9 points: 7.6 points in men and 8.04 in women. Patients with STEMI had higher CCI score than NSTEMI patients (p&lt;0.01): 8.1 points and 7.1 points, respectively. Patients who underwent PCI had lower CCI score (7.2 points) than patients in non-PCI group (8.2 points; p&lt;0.05). Patients with STEMI in PCI and non-PCI groups had significant difference in CCI score (p&lt;0.05): 7.4 and 8.4 points, respectively. Mean CCI score in patients who died in hospital was 8.5 while discharged patients had 7.6 points (p&lt;0.01). In 6 months 13 patients (6.3%) died, their mean age was 84.9 years, mean CCI was 9 points, PCI was performed in 3 (23%) patients.Conclusions. Elderly patients with ACS had high comorbidity level assessed by CCI score. Higher CCI score was associated with PCI non-performance in elderly patients. Elderly patients with STEMI had higher CCI score than patients with NSTEMI which was significantly associated with PCI non-performance. Patients who died in hospital or in 6 months after the ACS onset had higher CCI score than other elderly patients with ACS