Spontaneous chirality via long-range electrostatic forces

We consider a model for periodic patterns of charges constrained over a cylindrical surface. In particular we focus on patterns of chiral helices, achiral rings or vertical lamellae, with the constraint of global electroneutrality. We study the dependence of the patterns' size and pitch angle on the radius of the cylinder and salt concentration. We obtain a phase diagram by using numerical and analytic techniques. For pure Coulomb interactions, we find a ring phase for small radii and a chiral helical phase for large radii. At a critical salt concentration, the characteristic domain size diverges, resulting in macroscopic phase segregation of the components and restoring chiral symmetry. We discuss possible consequences and generalizations of our model.Comment: Revtex, 4 pages, 4 figure

1.5V fully programmable CMOS Membership Function Generator Circuit with proportional DC-voltage control

A Membership Function Generator Circuit (MFGC) with bias supply of 1.5 Volts and independent DC-voltage programmable functionalities is presented. The realization is based on a programmable differential current mirror and three compact voltage-to-current converters, allowing continuous and quasi-linear adjustment of the center position, height, width and slopes of the triangular/trapezoidal output waveforms. HSPICE simulation results of the proposed circuit using the parameters of a double-poly, three metal layers, 0.5 μm CMOS technology validate the functionality of the proposed architecture, which exhibits a maximum deviation of the linearity in the programmability of 7 %

Toxicity of Pyrolysis Gases from Elastomers

The toxicity of the pyrolysis gases from six elastomers was investigated. The elastomers were polyisoprene (natural rubber), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM), acrylonitrile rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, and polychloroprene. The rising temperature and fixed temperature programs produced exactly the same rank order of materials based on time to death. Acryltonitrile rubber exhibited the greatest toxicity under these test conditions; carbon monoxide was not found in sufficient concentrations to be the primary cause of death

Neutrinos and Nucleosynthesis in Supernova

The type II supernova is considered as a candidate site for the production of heavy elements. The nucleosynthesis occurs in an intense neutrino flux, we calculate the electron fraction in this environment.Comment: RevTex4 style, 3 pages including 1 figure. Presented at Mexican School of Astrophysics 2002, Guanajuato, Mexico, 31 Jul - 7 Aug 2002. Final version to appear in the Proceedings of IX Mexican Workshop on Particles and Fields Physics Beyond the Standard Model, Colima Col. Mexico, November 17-22, 200

Impact of the Deficiency of Micronutrients on Patients with HIV/Aids

Introduction: HIV-AIDS is an infectious disease that damages the immune system, putting you at risk of serious infections and certain types of cancer. Micronutrient deficiency varies widely, depending on the population and stage of the disease. It can contribute to the weakening of the immune state and the worsening of the physical condition. Objective: To identify through the collection of nutritional information the consequences produced by the lack of micronutrients in patients with HIV-AIDS. Methodology: It was carried out through bibliographic reviews, scientific articles in order to find true and proven information on the effect that micronutrient deficiency has on people with HIV/AIDS. Results: It is shown that clinical deficiencies of some nutrients occur rapidly in response to dietary deficiencies, malabsorption, or altered metabolism, while those nutrients that have reserves in the body take longer to deplete. Discussion: The acquired immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS; is associated with weight loss due to malnutrition. There are foods that can counteract many of the symptoms of the patient with HIV/AIDS, hence the importance of their knowledge. Conclusion: Micronutrient deficiency influences the immune system, accentuating the immunodeficiency that leads to AIDS. People living with this disease should have a balanced diet with Vitamins A, B, zinc and iron to strengthen the immune system, these offer a safe and economical treatment to slow the progression of the infection. Keywords: micronutrients, HIV, AIDS. RESUMEN Introducción: El VIH-SIDA es una enfermedad infecciosa que daña el sistema inmunitario lo que pone en riesgo de contraer infecciones graves y ciertos tipos de cáncer. La deficiencia de micronutrientes varía ampliamente, según la población y el estadio de la enfermedad; puede contribuir al debilitamiento del estado inmune y al empeoramiento de la condición física.  Objetivo: Identificar mediante la recopilación de información nutricional las consecuencias que produce la falta de micronutrientes en pacientes con VIH-SIDA. Metodología: Se realizó a través de revisiones bibliográficas, artículos científicos con el fin de encontrar información verídica y comprobada del efecto que tiene la deficiencia de micronutrientes en personas con VIH/SIDA.  Resultados: Se demuestra que las deficiencias clínicas de algunos nutrientes ocurren rápidamente en respuesta a deficiencias dietéticas, malabsorción, o metabolismo alterado, mientras que aquellos nutrientes que tienen reservas en el cuerpo tardan más en agotarse. Discusión: El virus de la inmunodeficiencia adquirida causante del SIDA; está asociada con la pérdida de peso por malnutrición. Hay muchos alimentos del grupo de los micronutrientes que minimizan manifestaciones clínicas en los enfermos el síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida, siendo necesario saber cuáles son. Conclusiones: La deficiencia de micronutrientes influye en el sistema inmune, acentuando la inmunodeficiencia que lleva al SIDA. Las personas que viven con esta enfermedad deben tener una dieta balanceada con Vitaminas A, B, zinc y hierro para fortalecer el sistema inmunológico, estas ofrecen un tratamiento seguro y económico para retardar la progresión de la infección. Palabras claves: micronutrientes, VHI, SIDA

The Perceived Impact of Online Student Evaluation to the Performance Among Faculty from PUP Branches and Campuses: Basis for Policy Review and Implementation

The study aims to determine the perception of the PUP faculty from branches and campuses about the student’s online evaluation and investigate the implication of results to their performance as teacher in higher education institution. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to interpret data. The researchers utilizedprimary data through self-administered survey questionnaire and secondary data. Findings revealed that in general, the faculty find the content in four areas of evaluation namely: commitment, knowledge of the subject, teaching for independent learning and management, highly acceptable. They agree with the rating scaleand its equivalent description. The perceived performance of the faculty in four areas showed improvement. The faculty recognized that their personal and social development had improved. When respondents were grouped according to highest educational attainment, significant difference was observed on commitment area. Majority of the faculty felt that students do not fully understand the content of the evaluation instrument, and worst, they use the evaluation as the chance to get even with the professors they dislike. It is recommended to simplify the statements in the instrument. To substantiate the comments and maintain objectivity, the researchers recommend inclusion of students’ personal assessment regarding learning. To further improve the performance of the faculty, deans and chairpersons may identify the administrative concerns of their faculty and identify areas that need training, retraining, coaching, and/or policy revision. Keywords: effective teaching, instruction, faculty performance, student evaluatio

An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Honduras

A biodiversity inventory of the Lepidoptera of Pico Bonito National Park and vicinity, in the Department of Atlantida of northern Honduras, was initiated in 2009 to obtain baseline data. We present a revised checklist of Honduran butterfly species (updated from the initial 1967 lists), as well as the first comprehensive list of Honduran moths. Our updated list includes 550 species of Papilionoidea, 311 Hesperioidea, and 1,441 moth species