Inhibitive behaviour of corrosion of aluminium alloy in NaCl by mangrove tannin

Anticorrosion potential of mangrove tannins on aluminium alloys AA6061 in NaCl solution has been studied using potentiodynamic polarisation method and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The study was carried out in different pH of corrosive medium in the absence and presence of various concentrations of tannin. The corrosion inhibition behaviour of the mangrove tannin on AA6061 aluminium alloy corrosion was found to be dependant on the pH of NaCl solution. Our results showed that the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing tannins concentration in chloride solution at pH 6. Treatment of aluminium alloy 6061 with all concentrations of mangrove tannins reduced the current density, thus decreased the corrosion rate. Tannins behaved as mixed inhibitors at pH 6 and reduction in current density predominantly affected in cathodic reaction. Meanwhile, at pH 12, addition of tannins shifted the corrosion potential to more cathodic potentials and a passivating effect was observed in anodic potentials. SEM studies have shown that the addition of tannins in chloride solution at pH 12 reduced the surface degradation and the formation of pits

Kajian Elektrokimia Terhadap Perencatan Kakisan Aloi Aluminium Dengan Menggunakan Ekstrak Tanin Bakau Dan Katecin

Keberkesanan tanin bakau (Rhizophora apiculata) sebagai perencat kakisan bagi aloi aluminium di dalam larutan HCl, NaCl dan H2SO4 telah dikaji menerusi kaedah polarisasi potensiodinamik, pengukuran impedans, kehilangan berat dan analisis permukaan. Keputusan pengukuran polarisasi potensiodinamik menunjukkan tanin berkeutamaan bertindak sebagai perencat katodik di dalam larutan HCl dan perencat anodik di dalam larutan H2SO4 yang masing-masing mencatatkan nilai % IE sehingga 90 dan 80 %. Kajian di dalam larutan NaCl mencatatkan nilai % IE sehingga 80 % dan tanin bertindak sebagai perencat katodik

Molecular Characterization of Biofilm-related Virulence and Resistance genes in Candida albicans Isolates from Women with Vulvovaginitis

One of the most prevalent reasons for gynecologic consultations is vulvovaginitis (VV), particularly vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). The etiology of VVC mostly associated with Candida albicans (C. albicans). The recurrence of VVs and the development of resistance to antimicrobials, along with efforts to find therapeutic alternatives are of paramount importance. Thus, this study aims to find the prevalence C. albicans virulence, resistance genes in addition to its susceptibility to antifungals. In this case control study, a total of 125 high vaginal cotton swabs attained in duplicate. from 100 wome clinically diagnosed with VVC and 25 controls (non-VVC). C. albicans was isolated with Hicrome differential agar and confirmed with species-specific primers using Polymerase chain reaction. Genes of the studied virulence determinants, Aglutinin-Like-Sequence (ALS1, ALS3), Hyphal Wall Protein1 (HWP1) as well as resistance determinants associated such as multidrug-resistance (MDR1) and Candida drug resistance (CDR1, CDR2) were also tested. The prevalence of Candida species were 70% and 32% in case and control groups, respectively. Further, the frequency of C. albicans were 88.57% (case group) and 100% (control group). The most common virulence gene was ALS3, present in 96.7% of case group and 87.5% of control group. Additionally, the results indicated that 98.39% of case group and 100% of control group exhibited MDR1 and CDR2 from confirmed isolates of C. albicans. Lastly, the result showed the highest antifungal resistance rates in case group were against voriconazole (70.97%) and fluconazole (40.32%), whereas in control the antifungal resistance was 75% for both voriconazole and fluconazole. In conclusion, high rate of virulence and resistance genes amongst women with VVC and therefore, the study suggests the importance of these genes to be targeted in new antifungal drugs

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RANDOM FOREST METHOD FOR CLASSIFYING LUNG X-RAY IMAGE ABNORMALITIES

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused a severe global health crisis. Rapid and accurate diagnostics are essential in combating this disease. In this regard, lung X-ray images have become critical for identifying Covid-19 infections. The method used in this study is random forest, a classification method based on ensemble modeling of decision trees. The lung X-ray images used in this study were taken from a datasheet containing images from COVID-19 patients and images from non-Covid-19 patients. The data pre-processing process involves extracting features from the images using image processing techniques and statistical analysis. The random forest model is trained using the processed datasheet to classify the lung X-ray images. The model's performance is evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity metrics. In addition, cross-validation is used to measure the reliability and generalization of the model. The study results showed that the random forest method achieved good classification performance in distinguishing COVID-19 lung X-ray images from normal ones. The resulting model provided high accuracy and good sensitivity in identifying Covid-19 cases. These results show the potential of the random forest method in supporting early diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 disease

Klasifikasi pada Citra X-Ray Covid-19 Berbasis Metode Random Forest

Pandemi Covid-19 telah menyebabkan krisis kesehatan global yang serius. Diagnostik yang cepat dan akurat sangat penting dalam penanggulangan penyakit ini. Dalam hal ini, citra X-ray paru-paru telah menjadi alat penting dalam mengindentifikasi infeksi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah random forest, sebuah metode pengklasifikasian yang berdasarkan pada pemodelan ensambel dari pohon keputusan. Citra X-Ray paru-paru yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diambil dari datasheet yang berisi citra-citra dari pasien Covid-19 dan citra-citra dari pasien non-Covid-19. Proses pra-pemrosesan data melibatkan ekstraksi fitur dari citra-citra menggunakan teknik pemrosesan citra dan analisis statistik. Model random forest dilatih dengan menggunakan datasheet yang telah diproses untuk melakukan klasifikasi pada citra X-Ray paru-paru. Kinerja model dievaluasi menggunakan metrik-metrik evaluasi seperti akurasi, sensitivitas, dan spesifitasi. Selain itu, validasi silang digunakan untuk mengukur kehandalan dan generalisasi model. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa metode random forest mampu mencapai kinerja klasifikasi yang baik dalam membedakan citra X-Ray paru-paru Covid-19 dari yang normal. Model yang dihasilkan mampu memberikan akurasi tinggi dan sensitivitas yang baik dalam mengidentifikasi kasus Covid-19. Hasil ini menunjukan potensi metode random forest dalam mendukung diagnosis awal dan penanganan penyakit Covid-19

Affective instability and impulsivity in borderline personality disorder

The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file.Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 28, 2007)Includes bibliographical references.Thesis (M.A.) University of Missouri-Columbia 2006.Dissertations, Academic -- University of Missouri--Columbia -- Psychology.Affective instability and impulsivity are primary features of borderline personality disorder (BPD). We examined the effect of an interaction between these features, represented by FFM analogues of negative affectivity and disinhibition, on the expression of BPD symptoms. Our sample consisted of college undergraduates, a portion of whom endorsed clinically significant borderline personality features, assessed twice over two years. Results indicate that the interaction between affective instability and impulsivity accounted for a significant amount of variance in BPD symptoms, measured both concurrently and prospectively. These findings suggest that individuals high in both negative affectivity and disinhibition exhibited increased levels of BPD symptomatology, even after controlling for comorbid mood and substance use disorders. These results are important for understanding the etiology and course of BPD and for improving assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of BPD

Influence of hydrochloric acid against food-grade steel SUS304 and its corrosion impact / Nur Dhiya Syariah Mazelam ... [et al.]

This study aims to investigate the progress of corrosion rate on stainless steel (SUS304) in hydrochloric acid (HCl) as exposed for 8 days. The HCl as a corrosive medium was used at pH 2 and pH 5. The evaluation of corrosion rate was done through weight loss measurement. Morphology and structure of metal specimens were characterized by optical microscope before and after immersion test. The results showed that the corrosion rates were increased significantly within 4 days of immersion. The corrosion rate in pH 2 reveals the highest values at 0.020 mm/y. While in pH 5, the rate of corrosion exhibits moderate value ranging from 0.006-0.011 mm/y. The corrosion behavior of the stainless steel coupon was influenced by the duration of exposure in the HCl medium. The concentration of hydrogen cations and aggressiveness of chloride anion in the corrosive medium has been associated with corrosion

Entomologic and molecular investigation into Plasmodium vivax transmission in Singapore, 2009

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Singapore has been certified malaria free since November 1982 by the World Health Organization and despite occasional local transmission, the country has maintained the standing. In 2009, three clusters of malaria cases were reported in Singapore.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Epidemiological, entomological and molecular studies were carried out to investigate the three clusters, namely Mandai-Sungei Kadut, Jurong Island and Sembawang.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 29 malaria patients, with no recent travel history, were reported in the three clusters. Molecular analysis based on the <it>msp3α </it>and <it>msp1 </it>genes showed two independent local transmissions: one in Mandai-Sungei Kadut and another in Sembawang. Almost all cases within each cluster were epidemiologically linked. In Jurong Island cluster, epidemiological link remains uncertain, as almost all cases had a unique genetic profile. Only two cases shared a common profile and were found to be linked to the Mandai-Sungei Kadut cluster. Entomological investigation found <it>Anopheles sinensis </it>to be the predominant Anopheline in the two areas where local transmission of <it>P. vivax </it>was confirmed. <it>Anopheles sinensis </it>was found to be attracted to human bait and bites as early as 19:45 hrs. However, all <it>Anopheles </it>mosquitoes caught were negative for sporozoites and oocysts by dissection.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Investigation of <it>P. vivax </it>cases from the three cluster areas confirmed the occurrence of local transmission in two areas. Although <it>An. sinensis </it>was the predominant Anopheline found in areas with confirmed transmission, the vector/s responsible for the outbreaks still remains cryptic.</p