Organic Geochemistry and Petrology of Oil Source Rocks, Carpathian Overthrust Region, Southeastern Poland — Implications for Petroleum Generation

The organic matter rich Oligocene Menilite black shales and mudstones are widely distributed in the Carpathian Overthrust region of southeastern Poland and have excellent hydrocarbon generation potential, according to TOC, Rock-Eval, and petrographic data. Extractable organic matter was characterized by an equable distribution of steranes by carbon number, by varying amounts of 28,30-dinor-hopane, 18α(H)-oleanane and by a distinctive group of C24 ring-A degraded triterpanes. The Menilite samples ranged in maturity from pre-generative to mid-oil window levels, with the most mature in the southeastern portion of the study area. Carpathian petroleum samples from Campanian-Oligocene sandstone reservoirs were similar in biomarker composition to the Menilite rock extracts. Similarities in aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon distributions between petroleum asphaltene and source rock pyrolyzates provided further evidence genetically linking Menilite kerogens with Carpathian oils

Effectiveness of mesh hernioplasty in incarcerated inguinal hernias

INTRODUCTION: The use of mesh is still controversial in patients undergoing emergency incarcerated hernia repair, mostly because of potential infectious complications. AIM: The main aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of tension-free methods in treating incarcerated inguinal hernias (IIH), with and without intestine resection. The secondary aim was to establish an algorithm on how to proceed with incarcerated hernias. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent surgery due to an inguinal hernia at the First Department of General Surgery Jagiellonian University Medical College in Krakow, in the period 1999–2009. Operative methods included Lichtenstein, Robbins-Rutkow and Prolene Hernia System. The rate of postoperative complications was compared in patients who underwent elective and emergency surgery. RESULTS: The study group consisted of 567 patients (546 male) age 19–91 years. In this group 624 hernias were treated using the three tension-free techniques – 295 using the Lichtenstein method, 236 using PHS and 93 using the RR technique. Out of the 561 operations 89.9% were elective. No correlation (p > 0.05) was found between the type of surgery and such complications as postoperative pain duration and intensity, fever, micturation disorders, wound healing disorders, testicle hydrocoele, testicle atrophy, spermatic cord cyst, sexual dysfunction, wound dehiscence, wound suppuration, seroma, haematoma and hernia recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Mesh repairs can be safely performed while operating due to an IIH. The use of a synthetic implant, in emergency IIH repairs, does not increase the rate of local complications. Synchronous, partial resection of the small intestine, due to intestinal necrosis, is not a contraindication to use mesh

Assessment of inguinal hernia treatment results in patients operated on with mesh using Lichtenstein, PHS and Robbins-Rutkow techniques

ntroduction: The inguinal region is a locus of minor resistance in the abdominal wall. Hernias in this area occur in the spacedescribed as the myopectineal orifice (Fruchaud). Among tensionless hernia repairs the most popular methods nowadaysare: Lichtenstein technique, Prolene Hernia System (PHS), ULTRAPRO Hernia System (UHS), mesh-plug and laparoscopicmethods (TAPP, TEP). It has not been established yet which one of the methods leads to the best treatment results.Aim: To evaluate treatment results of inguinal hernias in patients operated on with mesh using three techniques:Lichtenstein, PHS and mesh-plug.Material and methods: Between the years 2000 and 2007, 758 men and 35 women were operated on. The mean age was46.7. Spinal or general anaesthesia was used. One hundred and forty-four patients (18.1%) were operated on withoutantibiotic prophylaxis.Results: Seven hundred and ninety-three operations were performed: Lichtenstein technique was carried out in301 patients (37.9%), mesh-plug in 325 patients (40.9%) and PHS in 167 patients (21.2%). Spinal anaesthesia was performedin 787 patients (99.2%). General anaesthesia was necessary in 6 patients (0.8%) due to degeneration of thevertebral column. Complications observed include: wound suppuration, haematoma and seroma formation, chronicpain and hernia recurrence. Patients were discharged on the first postoperative day. Return to physical activity wasobserved usually 14 days after the operation.Conclusions: 1. The analysed methods did not differ according to complication and recurrence rates.2. In the authors’ opinion the Lichtenstein method should remain the standard treatment of inguinal hernia.3. There are no indications for routine antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing elective hernia operations with mesh

Cisza w teorii i praktyce: obraz interdyscyplinarny

Praca recenzowana / peer-reviewed pape