Translational in vitro activity of the 3a gene and the coat protein gene derived from brome mosaic virus RNA 3 by site-specific cleavage with RNase H

AbstractTwo translationally active fragments were derived from the dicistronic Brome Mosaic Virus (BMV) RNA 3 by site-specific cleavage with RNase H from E.coli: the 5′-proximal (L)fragment encoding the 32 kDa protein and the 3′-proximal (Sh) fragment carrying the coat protein gene. The translational efficiency of the L- and Sh-fragments was compared with those of the native BMV RNA 3 and RNA 4, encoding the 32 kDa and coat proteins, respectively. The Sh-fragment template activity was similar to that of RNA 4, although it was uncapped and contained 20–22 additional 5′-terminal nucleotides in comparison with BMV RNA 4

Ural-Siberian Strategic Initiative of the State: Aerostatically Transport – “Breakthrough” of Russia in the Future

The Urals serves as a global project for Russia, but the very development of the Urals as a junction by means of the sovereign road of two parts of Russia ensured its transformation into an Imperial state. Based on the idea of recreating the legendary “Babinovskaya” road that created Russia, the Ural-Siberian strategic initiative was born, which was supported by scientists-inventors of a unique Aero-Overpass transport from Novosibirsk. The task of developing the common destiny of mankind in the vast expanses of Greater Eurasia is being implemented by means of a new transport that overcomes the limitations of the wheel, in order to connect the ports of the Northern sea route with the ports of the Pacific and Indian oceans through the center of Eurasia. The new rise of our Fatherland, its rise to the level of its own global project, can be re-established on a new technological basis by the Sovereign road from West to East and from North to South.Урал выполняет роль глобального проекта для России, но само освоение Урала как сочленения средствами Государевой дороги двух частей России обеспечило ее превращение в имперскую государственность. На основе идеи воссоздания легендарной «Бабиновской» дороги, создавшей Россию, родилась Урало-Сибирская стратегическая инициатива, которую поддержали ученые – изобретатели уникального аэроэстакадного транспорта из Новосибирска. Задача развития единой судьбы человечества на просторах Большой Евразии реализуется средствами нового транспорта, преодолевающего ограничения колеса, с тем чтобы через центр Евразии соединить транспортными магистралями порты Северного морского пути с портами Тихого и Индийского океанов. Новый взлёт нашего Отечества, его выход на уровень собственного глобального проекта может быть вновь заложен воссоздаваемой на новой технологической основе Государевой дорогой с запада на восток и с севера на юг

Regulation of translation initiation under biotic and abiotic stresses

[EN] Plants have developed versatile strategies to deal with the great variety of challenging conditions they are exposed to. Among them, the regulation of translation is a common target to finely modulate gene expression both under biotic and abiotic stress situations. Upon environmental challenges, translation is regulated to reduce the consumption of energy and to selectively synthesize proteins involved in the proper establishment of the tolerance response. In the case of viral infections, the situation is more complex, as viruses have evolved unconventional mechanisms to regulate translation in order to ensure the production of the viral encoded proteins using the plant machinery. Although the final purpose is different, in some cases, both plants and viruses share common mechanisms to modulate translation. In others, the mechanisms leading to the control of translation are viral- or stress-specific. In this paper, we review the different mechanisms involved in the regulation of translation initiation under virus infection and under environmental stress in plants. In addition, we describe the main features within the viral RNAs and the cellular mRNAs that promote their selective translation in plants undergoing biotic and abiotic stress situations.This work was supported by the ERC Starting Grant 260468 to M. Mar Castellano.Echevarria-Zomeno, S.; Yanguez, E.; Fernandez-Bautista, N.; Castro-Sanz, AB.; Ferrando Monleón, AR.; Castellano, MM. (2013). Regulation of translation initiation under biotic and abiotic stresses. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 14(3):4670-4683. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms14034670S46704683143Dever, T. E., & Green, R. (2012). The Elongation, Termination, and Recycling Phases of Translation in Eukaryotes. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, 4(7), a013706-a013706. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a013706Sonenberg, N., & Hinnebusch, A. G. (2009). 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The 5′ untranslated region of the maize alcohol dehydrogenase gene contains an internal ribosome entry site. Gene, 420(1), 11-16. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2008.04.00

Age Limits and Psychological Contents of Stable Period of Adolescent Age

Смирнягина Майя Максовна. Педагог-психолог МОУ «Лицей №6 г. Миасс: [email protected]. Maya M. Smirnyagina. Educational psychologist of Municipal Educational Institution Licey №6, Miass: [email protected].Описывается эмпирическое исследование возрастных границ стабильного периода подросткового возраста и начала нормативного кризиса перехода к юности. Проверяется гипотеза, что особенности представлений о себе во времени, внутренний конфликт ценностей, особенности смысложизненных ориентации и Я-концепция старшеклассников являются показателями возрастных границ стабильного периода подросткового возраста. The study of age limits and the content of the stable period of adolescence is described. The hypothesis is checked that the indicator of age-specific changes is the dynamics of adolescents' idea of themselves throughout time, the peculiarities of values and the internal conflict of values, the peculiarities of high school students' sense-of-life orientations. The results of empirical research related to appearance of new psychical formations and the peculiarities of critical and stable periods in adolescence and early youth are given

MODERNIZATION FEATURES OF A VACUUM INSTALLATION BASED ON LOW-PRESSURE ARC DISCHARGE FOR COMPOSITE TIN-CU LAYERS FORMATION

A hybrid technology for forming composite TiN-Cu layers under the combined influence of a magnetron and low pressure arc discharges has been designed. The parameters of the plasma generator have been studied. The technological parameters for layer deposition in the conditions of coordinated action of the vacuum arc evaporator and the planar magnetron have been studied. This report describes the phase composition of TiN-Cu layers and the structure on fused silica substrates

Thermodynamic Modelling of Hightemperature Synthesis of the Titan and Chrome Carbides on an Alloyed Steel for Electron-Beam Melting of Modifying Coatings

Adiabatic temperatures of interaction and equilibrium phase compositions in the 300–2673 K temperature range are determined by thermodynamic calculations made for a interaction of titan and chrome oxides with carbon on a surface of the alloyed steel 321 at non vacuum electron-beam melting. Synthesized phases are found to be thermodynamically stable refractory compounds – oxides, carbides, nitrides Cr, Ti, Fe and, stable in contact with the solid-state metallic base