Stimulation of vascularization of a subcutaneous scaffold applicable for pancreatic islet-transplantation enhances immediate post-transplant islet graft function but not long-term normoglycemia

Nephrolog

Meteorological Analysis of Occurrence of Grounded Migrants at Smith Point, Texas, April 17-May 17, 1951

Volume: 66Start Page: 102End Page: 11

Unusual case of bifocal leptomeningeal melanocytoma in the posterior fossa with seeding in the spinal canal.

Item does not contain fulltextA 26-year-old man presented with signs of raised intracranial pressure. CT and MRI of the head demonstrated two separate lesions in the posterior fossa. The radiological differential diagnoses included multiple meningiomas, schwannomas, neurofibromas and subependymomas. Both lesions were surgically resected. Histopathological examination revealed localisations of a leptomeningeal melanocytoma. Leptomeningeal melanocytoma is a rare tumour of the central nervous system. Generally, it has a good prognosis if radical resection can be performed. In cases of subtotal resection, adjuvant radiotherapy should be considered. Local recurrences are common. Less frequently, leptomeningeal metastases and, on rare occasions, distant metastases or progression to malignant melanoma have been described. We describe an unusual case with multiple localisations of melanocytoma in the posterior fossa and spinal canal, with the emphasis being on the radiological findings and diagnosis of this rare tumour. After surgery of the brain, this patient was irradiated on the craniospinal axis

Designing and implementing sample and data collection for an international genetics study: The Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium (T1DGC)

Background and Purpose The Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium (T1DGC) is an international project whose primary aims are to: (a) discover genes that modify type 1 diabetes risk; and (b) expand upon the existing genetic resources for type 1 diabetes research. The initial goal was to collect 2500 affected sibling pair (ASP) families worldwide. Methods T1DGC was organized into four regional networks (Asia-Pacific, Europe, North America, and the United Kingdom) and a Coordinating Center. A Steering Committee, with representatives from each network, the Coordinating Center, and the funding organizations, was responsible for T1DGC operations. The Coordinating Center, with regional network representatives, developed study documents and data systems. Each network established laboratories for: DNA extraction and cell line production; human leukocyte antigen genotyping; and autoantibody measurement. Samples were tracked from the point of collection, processed at network laboratories and stored for deposit at National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) Central Repositories. Phenotypic data were collected and entered into the study database maintained by the Coordinating Center. Results T1DGC achieved its original ASP recruitment goal. In response to research design changes, the T1DGC infrastructure also recruited trios, cases, and controls. Results of genetic analyses have identified many novel regions that affect susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. T1DGC created a resource of data and samples that is accessible to the research community. Limitations Participation in T1DGC was declined by some countries due to study requirements for the processing of samples at network laboratories and/or final deposition of samples in NIDDK Central Repositories. Re-contact of participants was not included in informed consent templates, preventing collection of additional samples for functional studies. Conclusions T1DGC implemented a distributed, regional network structure to reach ASP recruitment targets. The infrastructure proved robust and flexible enough to accommodate additional recruitment. T1DGC has established significant resources that provide a basis for future discovery in the study of type 1 diabetes genetics. © The Author(s) 2010