A Constitutional Political Economy Perspective On The Colonization Of Mars

NASA has released an account of the agency\u27s plans for a mission to Mars. Private organizations, like SpaceX, too have expressed a goal to visit or, in some cases, even establish settlements on Mars. Yet the prospect of establishing settlements, that is, colonizing - as opposed to simply exploring - raises a number of issues. The focus of this study is on the emergence of institutions and organizations on an extraterrestrial planet like Mars. Specifically, the thesis will explore the conscious design of organizations and institutions of collective action, from the Constitutional Political Economy perspective

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF RASP IN DATA COMMOTION IN BUILDING ARCANE AND CAPABILITY QUERY SERVICES

Because of distinctive advantages in scalability and price-saving, storing of understanding-intensive query services in cloud gets increasingly popular. We setup random space perturbation system to produce realistic range query and k nearest-neighbour services of query in cloud. The forecasted approach will undertake data confidentiality, privacy of query, efficient processing of query furthermore to lessen in-house price of processing, and obtain a great balance within it. Random space perturbation system is a kind of growing perturbation, by mixture of order preserving file encryption, random noise injection, and random project. Random space perturbation system encloses lots of significant features. The fundamental proposal should be to at random modify complex data sets by grouping of order preserving file encryption, random noise injection, random project and dimensionality expansion, to make sure that utility for handing range queries is preserved

A Multicenter Analysis of Nucleic Acid Quantification Using Aqueous Humor Liquid Biopsy in Retinoblastoma: Implications for Clinical Testing

PURPOSE: Retinoblastoma (RB) is most often diagnosed with clinical features and not diagnosed with tumor biopsy. This study describes tumor-derived analyte concentrations from aqueous humor (AH) liquid biopsy and its use in clinical assays. DESIGN: Case series study. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-two RB eyes from 55 children and 14 control eyes from 12 children from 4 medical centers. METHODS: This study included 128 RB AH samples including: diagnostic (DX) samples, samples from eyes undergoing treatment (TX), samples after completing treatment (END), and during bevacizumab injection for radiation therapy after completing RB treatment (BEV). Fourteen-control AH were analyzed for unprocessed analytes (double-stranded DNA [dsDNA], single-stranded DNA [ssDNA], micro-RNA [miRNA], RNA, and protein) with Qubit fluorescence assays. Double-stranded DNA from 2 RB AH samples underwent low-pass whole-genome sequencing to detect somatic copy number alterations. Logistic regression was used to predict disease burden given analyte concentrations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Unprocessed analyte (dsDNA, ssDNA, miRNA, RNA and protein) concentrations. RESULTS: Results revealed dsDNA, ssDNA, miRNA, and proteins, but not RNA, were quantifiable in most samples (up to 98%) with Qubit fluorescence assays. Median dsDNA concentration was significantly higher in DX (3.08 ng/μl) compared to TX (0.18 ng/μl; CONCLUSIONS: Aqueous humor liquid biopsy in RB is a high-yield source of dsDNA, ssDNA, miRNA, and protein. Diagnostic samples are most useful for RB 1 gene mutational analyses. Genomic analysis may be more informative of tumor activity status than quantification alone and can be performed even with smaller analyte concentrations obtained from TX samples. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES: Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references

Palladium-mediated dealkylation of N-propargyl-floxuridine as a bioorthogonal oxygen-independent prodrug strategy

Herein we report the development and biological screening of a bioorthogonal palladium-labile prodrug of the nucleoside analogue floxuridine, a potent antineoplastic drug used in the clinic to treat advanced cancers. N-propargylation of the N3 position of its uracil ring resulted in a vast reduction of its biological activity (~6,250-fold). Cytotoxic properties were bioorthogonally rescued in cancer cell culture by heterogeneous palladium chemistry both in normoxia and hypoxia. Within the same environment, the reported chemo-reversible prodrug exhibited up to 1,450-fold difference of cytotoxicity whether it was in the absence or presence of the extracellular palladium source, underlining the precise modulation of bioactivity enabled by this bioorthogonally-activated prodrug strategy

Impact Perforation of Sandwich Panels with Coremat®

Analytical solutions for the quasi-static and low-velocity perforation of sandwich panels with woven roving E-glass/vinyl ester facesheets and Coremat were derived. A multi-stage perforation process involving delamination, debonding, core shear fracture and facesheet fracture was used to predict the quasi-static failure load and ballistic resistance of the panel. The high core-crushing resistance and damping of the Coremat resulted in rupture of the distal facesheet before the incident facesheet during panel perforation because they limited the amount of local indentation compared with global panel deformation. Analytical predictions of the quasi-static load-deflection response and the dynamic contact force history were within 10% of the test results

Pyrrolo-dC oligonucleotides bearing alkynyl side chains with terminal triple bonds: synthesis, base pairing and fluorescent dye conjugates prepared by the azide-alkyne "click" reaction

5-(Octa-1,7-diynyl)-2 -deoxyuridine was converted into the furano-dU derivative 7 by copper-catalyzed cyclization; the pyrolodC-derivative 3 was formed upon ammonolysis. The bicyclic nucleosides 3 and 7 as well as the corresponding non-cyclic precursors 4 and 6 all containing terminal C≡C bonds were conjugated with the non-fluorescent 3-azido-7-hydroxycoumarin 5 employing the copper(I)-catalyzed Huisgen-Sharpless-Meldal cycloaddition "click reaction". Strongly fluorescent 1H-1,2,3-triazole conjugates (30-33) are formed incorporating two fluorescent reporters-the pyrdC nucleoside and the coumarin moiety. Oligonucleotides incorporating 6-alkynyl and 6-alkyl 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one nucleosides (3 and 2f) have been prepared by solid-phase synthesis using the phosphoramidite building blocks 10 and 13; the pyrrolo-dC oligonucleotides are formed during ammonia treatment. The duplex stability of oligonucleotides containing 3 and related derivatives was studied. Oligonucleotides with terminal triple bonded nucleosides such as 3 are more stabilizing than those lacking a side chain with terminal unsaturation; open-chain derivatives (4) are even more efficient. The click reaction was also performed on oligonucleotides containing the pyrdC-derivative 3 and the fluorescence properties of nucleosides, oligonucleotides and their coumarin conjugates were studied

A Wave Propagation Model for the High Velocity Impact Response of a Composite Sandwich Panel

A solution methodology to predict the residual velocity of a hemispherical-nose cylindrical projectile impacting a composite sandwich panel at high velocity is presented. The term high velocity impact is used to describe impact scenarios where the projectile perforates the panel and exits with a residual velocity. The solution is derived from a wave propagation model involving deformation and failure of facesheets, through-thickness propagation of shock waves in the core, and through-thickness core shear failure. Equations of motion for the projectile and effective masses of the facesheets and core as the shock waves travel through sandwich panel are derived using Lagrangian mechanics. The analytical approach is mechanistic involving no detail account of progressive damage due to delamination and debonding but changes in the load-bearing resistance of the sandwich panel due to failure and complete loss of resistance from the facesheets and core during projectile penetration. The predicted transient deflection and velocity of the projectile and sandwich panel compared fairly well with results from finite element analysis. Analytical predictions of the projectile residual velocities were also found to be in good agreement with experimental data

Foam-Core, Curved Composite Sandwich Panels under Blast

An elastic-plastic model was developed for predicting the blast response of a foam-core, curved composite sandwich panel. A multi-layered approach was used to distinguish facesheets and core deformations. Core compressibility and transverse shear through the thickness were accounted for using linear displacement fields through the thickness. The predicted solution from the elastic-plastic model was shown to compare well with FEA from ABAQUS Implicit. A parametric study showed that blast resistance of the sandwich shell is increased by allowing cores to undergo plastic crushing. Very thick and shallow shells derive much of their resistance to blast from core crushing. Strong, dense foam cores did not increase the blast resistance of the curved sandwich panel but allowed facesheets to fracture while the core remained elastic