Morphophysiological variations in two Penicillium strains isolated from different climatic zones

The present investigation is a comparative study of the morphological and physiological characteristics of two Penicillium strains isolated from different climatic regions. A psychrophilic strain Penicillium oxalicum isolated from Leh (Ladakh) - a cold desert in J & K (India) was able to grow upto 4°C and other one was a  mesophilic Penicillium citrinum, isolated from Lucknow (U.P.), India, was able to grow upto 35°C. The Fungal Taxonomical classification of both the strains was primarily based on the morphology of hyphae, spores, and spore-bearing (conidial) structures of isolates. The ITS region of 18s rDNA was successfully amplified using universal primers ITS4 & ITS5 for molecular identification fungal isolates. The Psychrophilic strain was identified as Penicillium oxalicum (accession no. KR150256) and mesophilic strain as Penicillium citrinum (accession no. KR150257). Physiological studies pertaining to preference of growth temperature and nutritional (C, N) conditions on the growth of both the Penicillium strains was studied to understand their physiology response. The study revealed interesting results regarding the growth and reproductive behaviour of both Penicillium strains adapted to different climatic zones. The temperature range of 4-25°C was found to be optimum range for growth of Psychrophilic Penicillium oxalicum. However, maximum growth of the psychrophilic strain was achieved at 15°C at acidic pH 4.0. The mycelial growth of mesophilic P. citrinum occurred between 15-35°C at acidic pH 5.0; but its optimum growth was obtained between 25-30°C.  The best carbon source for the growth of P. oxalicum was glucose, followed by sucrose. On the other hand, the best carbon source for the growth of P. citrinum was found to be sucrose, followed by glucose. The best nitrogen source for growth of P. oxalicum was found to be sodium nitrate, followed by organic nitrogen glycine, and L-tryptophan. On the contrary, P. citrinum could grow well in the presence........

Authenticity of Geo-Location and Place Name in Tweets

The place name and geo-coordinates of tweets are supposed to represent the possible location of the user at the time of posting that tweet. However, our analysis over a large collection of tweets indicates that these fields may not give the correct location of the user at the time of posting that tweet. Our investigation reveals that the tweets posted through third party applications such as Instagram or Swarmapp contain the geo-coordinate of the user specified location, not his current location. Any place name can be entered by a user to be displayed on a tweet. It may not be same as his/her exact location. Our analysis revealed that around 12% of tweets contains place names which are different from their real location. The findings of this research can be used as caution while designing location-based services using social media

A Low Complexity Optimal LMMSE Channel Estimator for OFDM System

Linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) is the optimal channel estimator in the mean square error (MSE) perspective, however, it requires matrix inversion with cubic complexity. In this paper, by exploiting the circulant property of the channel frequency autocorrelation matrix RHH, an efficient LMMSE channel estimation method has been proposed for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based on fast Fourier transformation (FFT) and circular convolution theorem. Finally, the computer simulation is carried out to compare the proposed LMMSE method with the classical LS and LMMSE methods in terms of performance measure and computational complexity. The simulation results show that the proposed LMMSE estimator achieves exactly same performance as conventional LMMSE estimator with much lower computational complexity

Comparative study of analgesic effect of breastfeeding and oral sucrose in full-term newborns

Objective: To study the effects of breastfeeding (BF) and oral sucrose solution on pain due to intramuscular injection in newborns. Design: A prospective, interventional, randomized control study. Setting: Tertiary care hospital. Participants: Randomly selected 150 full-term vaginally delivered healthy newborns. Intervention: A total of 150 newborn infants were randomly divided into three groups. Out of 150 neonates, 50 were included in Group I as control group; 50 were included in Group II as intervention, in which 1 ml of 25% oral sucrose solution was given 2 min before the vaccination; 50 neonates were included in Group III as intervention group, in which BF started 2 min before vaccination and continued until the end of injection. Outcome Measure: The primary outcome of the study was to assess pain by premature infant pain profile (PIPP) score. Secondary outcome measured was changed in heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SpO2), and crying time. Results: Mean PIPP scores were lower in the BF group (8.36) than in the sucrose solution group (11.06), and difference was significant (p<0.0001). The mean difference in the increase in HR, decrease in SpO2, and total duration of cry for the breastfeeding group were 13.47, 2.33, and 23.8, respectively, and for sucrose group, they were 16.58, 2.07, and 26.36, respectively (p>0.05). Conclusion: BF and oral sucrose both are equally efficacious in reducing crying time and physiological parameters (HR, SpO2) after intramuscular injection in neonatal period but desaturation was more observed in oral sucrose solution. Further, PIPP score is less in BF group. Thus, BF provides superior analgesia to oral sucrose in term newborns

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, Improved Signal Detection Techniques for QOSTBC System in Fast Fading Channel, 2020, nr 1

Most existing quasi-orthogonal space time Block coding (QO-STBC) schemes have been developed relying on the assumption that the channel is at or remains static during the length of the code word symbol periods to achieve an optimal antenna diversity gain. However, in time-selective fading channels, this assumption does not hold and causes intertransmit-antenna-interferences (ITAI). Therefore, the simple pairwise maximum likelihood decoding scheme is not sufficient to recover original transmitted signals at the receiver side. To avoid the interferences, we have analyzed several signal detection schemes, namely zero forcing (ZF), two-step zero forcing (TS-ZF), minimum mean square error (MMSE), zero forcing - interference cancelation - decision feedback equalizer (ZF-IC-DFE) and minimum mean square error - interference cancelation { decision feedback equalizer (MMSE-IC-DFE). We have proposed two efficient iterative signal detection schemes, namely zero forcing - iterative interference cancelation - zero forcing { decision feedback equalization (ZF-IIC-ZF-DFE) and minimum mean square error - parallel interference cancelation - zero forcing – decision feedback equalization (MMSE-IIC-ZF-DFE). The simulation results show that these two proposed detection schemes significantly outperform all conventional methods for QOSTBC system over time selective channel

Milestone Developments and New Perspectives of Nano/Nanocrystal Light Emitting Diodes

Light emitting diode (LED) is a one type of p/n junction semiconductor device which is used in less energy consumption for numerous lighting functions. Because of their high performance and long existence, their eye-catching application is getting increasing numbers in recent times. LEDs are nowadays defined as using the “ultimate light bulb”. In a previous couple of years, its efficiency has been multiplied through converting it to nano size. This new light-emitting has a nano-pixel structure and it affords high-resolution performance and the geometry of the pixel is cylindrical or conical form. Due to the fact that the previous few years, a few impurity-doped nanocrystal LEDs are varying a good deal in trend. Its performance is very excessive and consumes a smaller amount of voltage. Its monochromatic behavior and indicator excellent are shown publicly demanded in the market and in this work, it’s covered evaluations of the fundamental’s standards of LEDs and the specific mixed metallic and nanocrystal shape of emitters. In addition, it covers the upcoming challenges that the current trend is working to resolve to get efficient materials to fulfill the future energy crisis

Phytochemical study of Hydroalcoholic extract of Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) Leaf

Today’s era of science in which everyone is busy to get luxurious life style, here the people of India have not much knowledge about actual effect of this plant. Today normally Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) used in many part of the world, but this plant is also found in Chattishgarh in India. Lahsun Bel or Jangali Lahsun are a very important folk medicine in India. Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) is an important drug is not namely mentioned in the traditional medicinal texts. It is a very efficacious plant remedy for the pain and inflammatory conditions like arthritis and rheumatism as well as it also can be used in cold, flu and fever. Generally leaves are used in form of infusion or decoction. Roots are used in the preparation of cold maceration and tincture andgenerally taken as a whole body tonic. The plant has antibacterial,anti-cholesterolemic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-rheumatic, antispasmodic, antitussive and antiviral used traditionally. Whole part of Jangali Lahsun or Lahsun Bel are used for medicinal purpose. Pharmacognostic study or phytochemical investigation of these leaves has not been performed yet. The present work deals with the qualitative phytochemical evaluation of the leaf of Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) and establishment of its quality parameters

Design and Development of Site Specific Grape Vineyard Fertilizer Applicator Prototype

402-407The current fertiliser application methods for grape vines are labour intensive and lead to overuse of fertiliser. Frequent rain and vineyard orchard wash over often pollute water sources. Therefore, the right amount and placement of fertiliser can not only improve crop growth but also reduce the risk of chemicals to human health and the environment. To overcome the above problems a site specific fertiliser applicator for grape vineyard with mechanical sensing system was developed. The sensing system was designed to apply fertiliser to the root zone of the plant canopy. An experimental unit was developed to optimise design and operation parameters for fertiliser production per plant. The urea's physical and engineering qualities were determined for metering mechanism design. The average value of bulk density, angle of repose, urea grain diameter, grain weight in single flute measured were 0.759 ± 0.011 gcm−3, 26.22 ± 1.18°, 3.38 ± 0.23 mm, 1.46 ± 0.04 g, respectively. The coefficient of static friction with plywood, galvanised iron and mild steel with painted surface were observed 0.3177 ± 0.0092, 0.2868 ± 0.0077, and 0.3177 ± 0.0092, respectively. For fertiliser given per plant, the effect of exposure length was p < 0.001. The sensor device opens the delivery tube for fertiliser in 0.9–0.95s