Results of the Humber Bridge Commercial Users’ Sample Survey.

As part of a study into the economic impact of the Humber Bridge on commercial transport, 52 regular bridge-using firms were surveyed. This paper sets out the results and includes a copy of the questionnaire used. The survey sought to understand conscious decision-making and analyse the extent to which firms have adapted to take advantage of distance-based time and cost savings. Significant variation was discovered, depending on a range of operating characteristics such as, geographical market area and size, economic sector, location relative to the Humber Bridge, degree of diversification, nature and length of trips, drivers' hours and payment system, and delivery/loading time constraints. Notwithstanding some data problems, particularly regarding cost adjustments, most firms regard the value of time savings to be a notable benefit. On this sample's evidence, the Hurnber Bridge has a positive, though still moderate, impact on transestuarine economic integration in Humberside

Legal Ethics Advisors and the Interests of Justice: Is an Ethics Advisor a Conscience or a Co-Conspirator?

In this short paper, I cannot explore the full range of lawyer-client interactions. Nor can I develop a comprehensive theory, or a comprehensive set of rules, to tell lawyers when to follow, and when to resist, client instructions. I can, however, examine some aspects of attorney-client relations in my small corner of the world, where I often function as an ethics advisor to lawyers and law firms. My premise, which I believe Deborah Rhode would endorse, is that ethics advisors have an obligation, both to their clients and to the legal profession, to provide honest, straightforward answers to inquiries concerning ethical conduct. Anything less would be unethical. Dishonest ethics advice is a pure oxymoron, and has no place in the legal profession