SIROPH (Surveilling and Improving Rescuers´ Occupational and Psychological Health): A saúde psicológica e ocupacional dos profissionais de emergência médica

Os profissionais de emergência médica pré-hospitalar constituem-se como um grupo ocupacional de risco, que ficou ainda mais sobrecarregado, operacional e psicologicamente, face à pandemia COVID-19. Esta pandemia implicou a reformulação das prioridades de investigação e intervenção, que determinaram alterações significativas a este projeto, após reflexão conjunta com equipa multidisciplinar de profissionais do INEM. Além disso, a COVID-19 trouxe a maior expansão de ferramentas e/m-health, que poderão inclusive colmatar défices de recursos humanos e técnicos que preexistiam à pandemia, nomeadamente ao nível da prevenção e promoção da saúde psicológica e ocupacional. Neste sentido, este projeto teve como objetivos gerais conhecer a saúde psicológica e ocupacional dos profissionais do INEM e caracterizar o impacto da pandemia COVID-19, bem como construir e desenvolver um sistema informatizado protótipo de monitorização e gestão de fatores de risco e de proteção para a saúde e bem-estar destes profissionais, designado como SIROPH. A recolha de dados realizou-se em duas fases distintas (n = 239 e n = 117), com colaboradores do INEM, a nível nacional. Foram recolhidos dados relativos à vivência da pandemia e outros indicadores de saúde psicológica e ocupacional. O SIROPH foi concretizado no ambiente Moodle e website e integrou conteúdos de monitorização e devolução dos resultados aos participantes, bem como conteúdos de gestão e psicoeducativos (vídeos, estratégias e sugestão de exercícios). Foram realizados dois estudos empíricos e uma avaliação de necessidades, e os resultados empíricos desta tese apresentam-se sob a forma de três estudos. A vivência da pandemia COVID-19 demonstrou especialmente afetar a experiência laboral e tarefas desempenhadas pelos participantes. Encontraram-se níveis reduzidos de ansiedade, depressão, stress, sintomatologia obsessiva e compulsiva e sintomatologia traumática (embora 19% apresentem já valores extremos) e níveis moderados de burnout, bem-estar, crescimento pós-traumático e mobilização de estratégias de coping e de regulação emocional, desde o início da pandemia. Estes níveis variaram em função do género, idade, existência de filhos, funções desempenhadas e existência de apoio formal para a saúde mental. Através da exploração dos efeitos, verificou-se que a adequabilidade das medidas de segurança disponibilizadas pelo INEM e o menor receio/medo da COVID-19 contribuem para o melhor ajustamento psicológico durante a pandemia. Acrescenta-se o maior valor preditivo, direto e indireto, do coping mobilizado durante a pandemia, para o burnout, trauma e crescimento pós-traumático, comparativamente ao das estratégias de regulação emocional. De um modo geral, os resultados contribuem para a emergente literatura sobre a COVID-19, bem como apresentam implicações para práticas e políticas institucionais relativas à saúde psicológica e ocupacional dos profissionais do INEM

Plants from Brazilian cerrado with potent tyrosinase inhibitory activity

The increased amount of melanin leads to skin disorders such as age spots, freckles, melasma and malignant melanoma. Tyrosinase is known to be the key enzyme in melanin production. Plants and their extracts are inexpensive and rich resources of active compounds that can be utilized to inhibit tyrosinase as well as can be used for the treatment of dermatological disorders associated with melanin hyperpigmentation. Using in vitro tyrosinase inhibitory activity assay, extracts from 13 plant species from Brazilian Cerrado were evaluated. The results showed that Pouteria torta and Eugenia dysenterica extracts presented potent in vitro tyrosinase inhibition compared to positive control kojic acid. Ethanol extract of Eugenia dysenterica leaves showed significant (p<0.05) tyrosinase inhibitory activity exhibiting the IC50 value of 11.88 µg/mL, compared to kojic acid (IC50 value of 13.14 µg/mL). Pouteria torta aqueous extract leaves also showed significant inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 30.01 µg/mL. These results indicate that Pouteria torta and Eugenia dysenterica extracts and their isolated constituents are promising agents for skin-whitening or antimelanogenesis formulations

The state of the Martian climate

60°N was +2.0°C, relative to the 1981–2010 average value (Fig. 5.1). This marks a new high for the record. The average annual surface air temperature (SAT) anomaly for 2016 for land stations north of starting in 1900, and is a significant increase over the previous highest value of +1.2°C, which was observed in 2007, 2011, and 2015. Average global annual temperatures also showed record values in 2015 and 2016. Currently, the Arctic is warming at more than twice the rate of lower latitudes

NOTAS E RESENHAS

PIERRE MONBEIG, O PATRIARCA DA GEOGRAFIA PAULISTA E NACIONAL - Silvio Carlos BRAY FORMAÇÃO DE GEÓGRAFOS NA REPÚBLICA DEMOCRÁTICA ALEMÃ - Sylvio C. BANDEIRA DE MELLO E SILVA IMPACTO AMBIENTAL NA REGIÃO DE BRASILIA: AS CASCALHEIRAS - Maria NOVAES PINTO; Luiz Gonzaga FONSECA; Fernando MONTEIRO RIBEIRO IMPORTÂNCIA DO MONITORAMENTO EM AREAS AGRÍCOLAS - Miguel Cezar SANCHEZ; Nanci Aparecida VISACCHERO ANÁLISE DA QUALIDADE HÍDRICA PELA APLICAÇÃO DE BIO-INDICADORES (Contribuição aos Estudos Biogeográficos de Ambientes Aquáticos) - Adler G. VIADANA O TRABALHO INFORMAL NAS METRÓPOLES BRASILEIRAS: UMA ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA - Pedro DE ALMEIDA VASCONCELOS A VARIABILIDADE DAS TEMPERATURAS EM FUNÇÃO DE CARACTERÍSTICAS DAS VERTENTES - Anderson Luis HEBLING CHRISTOFOLETTI; Maria Juraci ZANI DOS SANTOS; Nádia Regina DO NASCIMENTO MIGRAÇÃO INTRA-URBANA: ALGUNS PROBLEMAS PARA A IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE PROJETOS DE INVESTIGAÇÃO - Odeibler SANTO GUIDUGLI GEOGRAFIA INDUSTRIAL - Silvia SELINGARDI SAMPAIO DA VIDA BUCÓLICA AO USO DO SOLO E EXPLORAÇÃO DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS - Antonio CHRISTOFOLLETTI PROCESSOS POLÍTICOS E SÓCIO-ECONÔMICOS ATUANTES NA ORGANIZAÇÃO DOS SISTEMAS ESPACIAIS - Antonio CHRISTOFOLLETTI PROBLEMÁTICAS FOCALIZADAS EM GEOGRAFIA URBANA - Antonio CHRISTOFOLLETTI GEOGRAFIA DA POPULAÇÃO - Odeibler SANTO GUIDUGLI APLICAÇÕES HIDROLÓGICAS DA TECNOLOGIA ESPACIAL - Maria Isabel C. DE FREITAS RECURSOS ECONÔMICOS - Lucy Marion CALDERINI PHILADELPHO MACHADO AVALIAÇÃO ECONÔMICA DO MEIO AMBIENTE, SISTEMAS NATURAIS E DESENVOLVIMENTO - Ana Tereza CORTEZ MORAES BIOGEOGRAFIA E MEIO AMBIENTE - Walter Cecílio BRINO A TRANSIÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA EM CARTOGRAFIA - Miguel Cezar SANCHEZ MACMILLAN DICTIONARY OF THE ENVIRONMENT - Rolando BERRÍOS EARTH SCIENCE (PUPIL EDITION) - M. O. UMENWEKE EARTH SCIENCE (TEACHER EDlTION) - M. O. UMENWEK

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Goodbye Hartmann trial: a prospective, international, multicenter, observational study on the current use of a surgical procedure developed a century ago

Background: Literature suggests colonic resection and primary anastomosis (RPA) instead of Hartmann's procedure (HP) for the treatment of left-sided colonic emergencies. We aim to evaluate the surgical options globally used to treat patients with acute left-sided colonic emergencies and the factors that leading to the choice of treatment, comparing HP and RPA. Methods: This is a prospective, international, multicenter, observational study registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. A total 1215 patients with left-sided colonic emergencies who required surgery were included from 204 centers during the period of March 1, 2020, to May 31, 2020. with a 1-year follow-up. Results: 564 patients (43.1%) were females. The mean age was 65.9 ± 15.6&nbsp;years. HP was performed in 697 (57.3%) patients and RPA in 384 (31.6%) cases. Complicated acute diverticulitis was the most common cause of left-sided colonic emergencies (40.2%), followed by colorectal malignancy (36.6%). Severe complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3b) were higher in the HP group (P &lt; 0.001). 30-day mortality was higher in HP patients (13.7%), especially in case of bowel perforation and diffused peritonitis. 1-year follow-up showed no differences on ostomy reversal rate between HP and RPA. (P = 0.127). A backward likelihood logistic regression model showed that RPA was preferred in younger patients, having low ASA score (≤ 3), in case of large bowel obstruction, absence of colonic ischemia, longer time from admission to surgery, operating early at the day working hours, by a surgeon who performed more than 50 colorectal resections. Conclusions: After 100&nbsp;years since the first Hartmann's procedure, HP remains the most common treatment for left-sided colorectal emergencies. Treatment's choice depends on patient characteristics, the time of surgery and the experience of the surgeon. RPA should be considered as the gold standard for surgery, with HP being an exception

Diversity and ethics in trauma and acute care surgery teams: results from an international survey

Background Investigating the context of trauma and acute care surgery, the article aims at understanding the factors that can enhance some ethical aspects, namely the importance of patient consent, the perceptiveness of the ethical role of the trauma leader, and the perceived importance of ethics as an educational subject. Methods The article employs an international questionnaire promoted by the World Society of Emergency Surgery. Results Through the analysis of 402 fully filled questionnaires by surgeons from 72 different countries, the three main ethical topics are investigated through the lens of gender, membership of an academic or non-academic institution, an official trauma team, and a diverse group. In general terms, results highlight greater attention paid by surgeons belonging to academic institutions, official trauma teams, and diverse groups. Conclusions Our results underline that some organizational factors (e.g., the fact that the team belongs to a university context or is more diverse) might lead to the development of a higher sensibility on ethical matters. Embracing cultural diversity forces trauma teams to deal with different mindsets. Organizations should, therefore, consider those elements in defining their organizational procedures. Level of evidence Trauma and acute care teams work under tremendous pressure and complex circumstances, with their members needing to make ethical decisions quickly. The international survey allowed to shed light on how team assembly decisions might represent an opportunity to coordinate team member actions and increase performance