Potenciais interações entre medicamentos alopáticos e fitoterápicos/ plantas medicinais no Município de Rondonópolis – MT

Introdução: no Brasil, a utilização de fitoterápicos e plantas medicinais é uma prática amplamente difundida, todavia, o consumo destes compostos em associação com medicamentos alopáticos caracteriza um risco à saúde devido potenciais interações medicamentosas e seus efeitos. Objetivo: analisar as potenciais interações envolvendo fitoterápicos e plantas medicinais com medicamentos alopáticos na população de Rondonópolis, MT. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo transversal de base populacional com 370 participantes. Os dados foram coletados em visitas domiciliares com um instrumento estruturado e padronizado. Para identificar as potenciais interações foi utilizada a base de dados Medscape® e literatura nacional e internacional. Resultados: 131 (35, 40%) indivíduos informaram consumir plantas medicinais e ou fitoterápicos concomitante a medicamentos alopáticos. A interação entre fitoterápicos e medicamentos alopáticos mais frequente foi entre Passiflora incarnata e cinarizina, para plantas medicinais foi entre hortelã e sinvastatina. As consequências mais prevalentes decorrente das interações foram intensificação da depressão do Sistema Nervoso Central, aumento da anticoagulação e risco de hipoglicemia. Conclusão: os dados analisados no presente estudo possibilitaram identificar potenciais interações existentes entre medicamentos alopáticos e plantas medicinais/fitoterápicos na população de Rondonópolis-MT e apontam para a necessidade de se estimular o uso racional da fitoterapia no âmbito da saúde pública

Dysbiotic oral microbiota contributes to alveolar bone loss associated with obesity in mice

Periodontal diseases (PD) are inflammatory conditions that affect the teeth supporting tissues. Increased body fat tissues may contribute to activation of the systemic inflammatory response, leading to comorbidities. Some studies have shown that individuals with obesity present higher incidence of PD than eutrophics. Objective: To investigate the impact of obesity on periodontal tissues and oral microbiota in mice. Methodology: Two obesity mice models were performed, one using 12 weeks of the dietary protocol with a high-fat (HF) diet in C57BL/6 mice and the other using leptin receptor-deficient mice (db/db-/-), which became spontaneously obese. After euthanasia, a DNA-DNA hybridization technique was employed to evaluate the microbiota composition and topical application of chlorhexidine (CHX), an antiseptic, was used to investigate the impact of the oral microbiota on the alveolar bone regarding obesity. Results: Increased adipose tissue may induce alveolar bone loss, neutrophil recruitment, and changes in the oral biofilm, similar to that observed in an experimental model of PD. Topical application of CHX impaired bone changes. Conclusion: Obesity may induce changes in the oral microbiota and neutrophil recruitment, which are associated with alveolar bone loss

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

As particularidades clínicas da otite média: Clinical features of otitis media

A otite média é um processo inflamatório de evolução abrupta, acompanhado pelo quadro clínico típico de inflamação na orelha média, sendo sua incidência prevalente em crianças, culminando em leves repercussões clínicas, mas que deve ser adequadamente diagnosticada e tratada. Este evento clínico pode ser agudo, subagudo ou crônico com aparições típicas, evolução e manejo clínico diferenciados. O seguinte artigo é uma revisão narrativa de literatura que visa analisar a respeito das principais particularidades clínicas da Otite Média. Diante das informações coletadas, pode se elucidar que a otite média é o fator causal para implicações negativas e antibioticoterapia em crianças, logo é essencial medidas para diagnose precoce para evitar repercussões na saúde destes

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Estabilidade e propriedades reológicas de querosene de aviação incorporadas com nanopartículas de carbono

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química, Florianópolis, 2021.Um fator muito importante para a aplicação de nano-combustíveis está na sua estabilidade. A estabilidade está associada tanto à segregação das nanopartículas adicionadas quanto pela formação de novas partículas como resultado de eventual aceleração na degradação termo oxidativa do combustível. A presença dessas partículas e surfactante com objetivo de estabilizá-las pode resultar em mudanças nas propriedades do combustível. Neste sentido, uma investigação experimental foi conduzida para estabelecer os efeitos de nanopartículas como aditivos sobre a estabilidade de suspensões em querosene de aviação. Os nano-combustíveis foram preparados em níveis distintos de concentração de nanopartículas (0-100 ppm) e surfactante (0-2 vol.%). Também foram avaliados o efeito do surfactante nas características do combustível, como uma possível alternativa para evitar a sedimentação de partículas. A estabilidade e a distribuição de tamanho de partículas foram determinadas por análise de separação centrífuga, a viscosidade por reômetro rotacional e a tensão superficial por goniômetro, aplicando o método da gota pendente e os efeitos avaliados por análise de variância. Os resultados obtidos revelaram uma tendência a maior estabilidade em amostras com maior concentração de surfactante e nanopartículas. O comportamento reológico do combustível foi significativamente alterado com a adição de nanopartículas e surfactante, passando de comportamento Newtoniano para dilatante, sendo o surfactante de maior efeito no resultado. A tensão superficial não sofreu incremento significativo, apesar de observado um maior efeito da presença de nanopartículas do que o surfactante. Uma análise estatística demonstrou significância na interação entre os fatores surfactante e concentração de nanopartículas para as 3 variáveis de resposta (índice de instabilidade, viscosidade e tensão superficial), revelando a interação física de adsorção. A análise de FT-IR indicou que a dispersão por ultrassom não provocou degradação do combustível.Abstract: An important factor for the application of Nano Fuels is its stability. Stability is associated both with the segregation of added nanoparticles and the formation of new particles because of an eventual acceleration in the thermo-oxidative degradation of the fuel. The presence of particles and surfactant to stabilize them can result in changes in fuel properties. In this sense, an experimental investigation was conducted to establish the effects of nanoparticles as additives on the stability of suspensions in aviation kerosene. The nanofuels were prepared at different concentration levels of nanoparticles (0-100 ppm) and surfactant (0-2 vol.%). The effect of the surfactant on fuel characteristics was also obtained, as a possible alternative to avoid particle sedimentation. Stability and particle size distribution were determined by centrifugal separation analysis, viscosity by rotational rheometer and surface tension by goniometer, applying the pendant drop method and the effects obtained by analysis of variance. The results obtained revealed a trend towards greater stability at the highest concentration of surfactant and nanoparticles. The rheological behavior of the fuel was changed with the addition of nanoparticles and surfactant, changing from Newtonian to dilating behavior, being the surfactant with the greatest effect on the result. Surface tension did not increase significantly, although a greater effect was observed from the presence of surfactant nanoparticles. A statistical analysis, significance in the interaction between surfactant factors and nanoparticle concentration for the 3 response variables (instability index, viscosity, and surface tension), revealing the physical interaction of adsorption. An FT-IR analysis indicates that ultrasonic dispersion did not cause fuel degradation

Resumos em andamento - Engenharia Química

Resumos em andamento - Engenharia Químic