72,485 research outputs found
Characterization of manifolds of constant curvature by spherical curves
It is known that the so-called rotation minimizing (RM) frames allow for a
simple and elegant characterization of geodesic spherical curves in Euclidean,
hyperbolic, and spherical spaces through a certain linear equation involving
the coefficients that dictate the RM frame motion (da Silva, da Silva in
Mediterr J Math 15:70, 2018). Here, we shall prove the converse, i.e., we show
that if all geodesic spherical curves on a Riemannian manifold are
characterized by a certain linear equation, then all the geodesic spheres with
a sufficiently small radius are totally umbilical and, consequently, the given
manifold has constant sectional curvature. We also furnish two other
characterizations in terms of (i) an inequality involving the mean curvature of
a geodesic sphere and the curvature function of their curves and (ii) the
vanishing of the total torsion of closed spherical curves in the case of
three-dimensional manifolds. Finally, we also show that the same results are
valid for semi-Riemannian manifolds of constant sectional curvature.Comment: To appear in Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicat
Symplectic Quantization for Reducible Systems
We study an extension of the symplectic formalism in order to quantize
reducible systems. We show that a procedure like {\it ghost-of-ghost} of the
BFV method can be applied in terms of Lagrange multipliers. We use the
developed formalism to quantize the antisymmetric Abelian gauge fields.Comment: 12 pages, IF-UFRJ-22/9
Strong evidences for a nonextensive behavior of the rotation period in Open Clusters
Time-dependent nonextensivity in a stellar astrophysical scenario combines
nonextensive entropic indices derived from the modified Kawaler's
parametrization, and , obtained from rotational velocity distribution. These
's are related through a heuristic single relation given by , where is the cluster age. In a nonextensive
scenario, these indices are quantities that measure the degree of
nonextensivity present in the system. Recent studies reveal that the index
is correlated to the formation rate of high-energy tails present in the
distribution of rotation velocity. On the other hand, the index is
determined by the stellar rotation-age relationship. This depends on the
magnetic field configuration through the expression , where
and denote the saturation level of the star magnetic field and its
topology, respectively. In the present study, we show that the connection
is also consistent with 548 rotation period data for single
main-sequence stars in 11 Open Clusters aged less than 1 Gyr. The value of
2.5 from our unsaturated model shows that the mean magnetic field
topology of these stars is slightly more complex than a purely radial field.
Our results also suggest that stellar rotational braking behavior affects the
degree of anti-correlation between and cluster age . Finally, we suggest
that stellar magnetic braking can be scaled by the entropic index .Comment: 6 pages and 2 figures, accepted to EPL on October 17, 201
Metallic Continuum Quantum Ferromagnets at Finite Temperature
We study via renormalization group (RG) and large N methods the problem of
continuum SU(N) quantum Heisenberg ferromagnets (QHF) coupled to gapless
electrons. We establish the phase diagram of the dissipative problem and
investigate the changes in the Curie temperature, magnetization, and magnetic
correlation length due to dissipation and both thermal and quantum
fluctuations. We show that the interplay between the topological term (Berry's
phase) and dissipation leads to non-trivial effects for the finite temperature
critical behavior.Comment: Corrected typos, new discussion of T=0 results, to appear in
Europhys. Let
Quantitative chemical tagging, stellar ages and the chemo-dynamical evolution of the Galactic disc
The early science results from the new generation of high-resolution stellar
spectroscopic surveys, such as GALAH and the Gaia-ESO survey, will represent
major milestones in the quest to chemically tag the Galaxy. Yet this technique
to reconstruct dispersed coeval stellar groups has remained largely untested
until recently. We build on previous work that developed an empirical chemical
tagging probability function, which describes the likelihood that two field
stars are conatal, that is, they were formed in the same cluster environment.
In this work we perform the first ever blind chemical tagging experiment, i.e.,
tagging stars with no known or otherwise discernable associations, on a sample
of 714 disc field stars with a number of high quality high resolution
homogeneous metal abundance measurements. We present evidence that chemical
tagging of field stars does identify coeval groups of stars, yet these groups
may not represent distinct formation sites, e.g. as in dissolved open clusters,
as previously thought. Our results point to several important conclusions,
among them that group finding will be limited strictly to chemical abundance
space, e.g. stellar ages, kinematics, colors, temperature and surface gravity
do not enhance the detectability of groups. We also demonstrate that in
addition to its role in probing the chemical enrichment and kinematic history
of the Galactic disc, chemical tagging represents a powerful new stellar age
determination technique.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of
the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS
Correlation length scalings in fusion edge plasma turbulence computations
The effect of changes in plasma parameters, that are characteristic near or
at an L-H transition in fusion edge plasmas, on fluctuation correlation lengths
are analysed by means of drift-Alfven turbulence computations. Scalings by
density gradient length, collisionality, plasma beta, and by an imposed shear
flow are considered. It is found that strongly sheared flows lead to the
appearence of long-range correlations in electrostatic potential fluctuations
parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic field.Comment: Submitted to "Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
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