Numerical investigation of non-dimensional constant and empirical relation representing Nusselt profile non-uniformity

The use of air jet impingement for cooling is the most expensive task as far as the efficiency of the component is concerned not only this, but the generation of characteristic cooling over the target surface (heat sink) is of great significance in material processing firms. The conversion of the temperature profile to a Nusselt profile is widely used when the concern of non-dimensionality comes into the picture. So, the present work reports the Nusselt profile for different impinging parameters, and the nonuniformities concerned with the profiles are evaluated. The standard deviation is the parameter used to represent the nonuniformity in the Nusselt profile for the present study. A nondimensional constant (ratio of Reynolds number and nozzle-target spacing) is defined to represent the start and end of nonuniformity in the Nusselt profile. When this constant exceeds a value of 6000, the nonuniformity in the profile ends. Also, an empirical relation representing the standard deviation is proposed in terms of the Reynolds number and nozzle-target spacing. The generation of turbulence vortices at the exit of the nozzle is responsible for the end of nonuniformity in the Nusselt profile

Meta-analysis of the effect of colchicine on C-reactive protein in patients with acute and chronic coronary syndromes

Objective The anti-inflammatory drug colchicine has recently shown benefits in the prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and chronic coronary syndromes (CCS). This meta-analysis focuses on understanding Colchicine’s effects on the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) to provide mechanistic insight to explain its clinical event reduction.Methods A computerized search of MEDLINE was conducted to retrieve journal articles with studies performed on humans from 1 January 2005 to 1 January 2022, using keywords: ‘Colchicine AND Coronary’, ‘Colchicine AND CRP’, and ‘Colchicine AND Coronary Artery Disease’. Studies were included if they measured hs-CRP changes from baseline, and colchicine or placebo were given to patients with ACS or CCS.Results Thirteen studies with a biomarker subgroup population of 1636 patients were included in the hs-CRP meta-analysis. Of those 13 studies, 8 studies with a total population of 6016 reported clinical events defined as myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, cardiovascular death, periprocedural MI, repeat angina after PCI and repeat revascularization. Multivariate analysis revealed a weak negative correlation of −0.1056 (P = 0.805) between change in CRP and clinical events. Overall, colchicine treatment resulted in a greater reduction in hs-CRP levels compared with placebo (Mean Difference: -1.59; 95% Confidence Interval, −2.40 to −0.79, P = 0.0001) and clinical events (Odds Ratio: 0.78; 95% Confidence Interval 0.64 to 0.95, P = 0.01)Conclusion Colchicine therapy is associated with a reduction in hs-CRP and clinical events in patients with ACS and CCS. This finding supports colchicine’s anti-inflammatory efficacy via CRP reduction to explain its clinical benefit