Alternativas para mejorar la producción secundaria de los sistemas pastoriles de cría bovina del NE de Entre Ríos

Los sistemas ganaderos de cría del noreste de la provincia de Entre Ríos se realizan principalmente en pastizales naturales de monte, y se caracterizan por la baja adopción de tecnología y un manejo extensivo. Esto condiciona la eficiencia con la que se utiliza este recurso forrajero para la producción de carne. Es habitual en estos sistemas una carga promedio de 0,67 EV/ha, y preñeces cercanas al 82%; teniendo como consecuencia, índices de producción de terneros menores a 0,45 cab/ha y producciones de carne promedio de 84 kg PV/ha. Actualmente, estos indicadores productivos significan que muchas empresas ganaderas de cría de la zona no sean rentables o no les sea posible pagar el costo de oportunidad de la tierra (arrendamiento) para desarrollar la actividad. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un diagnóstico de los sistemas tradicionales de cría bovina de la región y a partir de este proponer alternativas tecnológicas y de manejo para realizar un aprovechamiento eficiente del recurso pastizal natural, en busca de la sustentabilidad económica del sistema. El diagnóstico se realizó en base al análisis de los indicadores productivos de establecimientos de cría ubicados en los departamentos de Concordia y Federación. Se realizaron estimaciones de producción de forraje de los recursos de pastizal natural de estos sitios a través de información satelital, correlacionándolas con datos de corte de pastizal natural, y se analizaron sus características nutricionales. Este diagnóstico permitió detectar que la producción forrajera invernal y la calidad del recurso estudiado eran insuficientes para lograr mayores producciones de carne en los sistemas de cría tradicionales. Como alternativa para mejorar los indicadores productivos de estos sistemas se propuso aumentar la producción y calidad forrajera ofrecida; mejorar la asignación de forraje mediante un manejo optimizado del pastoreo y utilizar suplementación de forma estratégica. Finalmente, la adopción de estas propuestas permitió mejorar la rentabilidad de los sistemas de cría de la zona

Vergissmeinnicht: An Inderdisciplinary Study of Holocaust Trauma Literature, Medical Experimentation Discourse, and Narratives of Denial

The use of Holocaust literature within education starts with Anne Frank and ends with Elie Wiesel\u27s Night; however, the need for a more comprehensive understanding of the Holocaust starts with utilizing the literature to discuss the horrific events. The theories of trauma and affect are relatively new to Holocaust literature studies, which brings a lack of sources to the overall subject. Although there is a lack of sources, understanding trauma, denial, and affect relies on analyzing the written language. This thesis\u27s significance is to detail the importance of Holocaust literature within education and to comprehend the effects denial has on significant genocidal events portrayed in literature. My thesis, Vergissmeinnicht, will provide critical comparative analysis of reading of the novels, This Way for the Gas, Ladies and Gentlemen (1946) by Tadeusz Borowski and Lilac Girls (2016) by Martha Hall Kelly with memoirs, Surviving the Angel of Death (2009) by Eva Kor and Auschwitz: A Doctor\u27s Eyewitness Account (1960) by Dr. Miklos Nyiszli. This paper aims to explore the use of denial, trauma, and affect within each genre. The literature analyzed will focus on medical experimentation discourse and the silenced voices of their victims. Through Holocaust literature, both fiction and non-fiction, comprehending the concepts of denial, trauma, and affect will allow for a deeper connection to the Holocaust and maintain that education will never allow it to repeat

The use of computer simulation as a design tool for thermal hydraulic systems

Available from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DXN024351 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo

El papel de la ley en la teoría de la acción del Scito te ipsum

La Ética o Scito te ipsum, presenta una teoría intencionalista acerca de la acción moral. La intención como única fuente del valor moral de una acción y unida a la tesis acerca de la indiferencia de los actos exteriores, hace pensar en un subjetivismo acerca del valor de cada acción. Pero en paralelo a este proceso de interiorización, Abelardo muestra la necesidad de una normatividad objetiva en el sujeto moral para que este pueda ser considerado tal. La acción estrictamente moral se desarrolla, para Abelardo, en la conjunción de estos dos frentes: la subjetividad de la intención y la objetividad de la ley. En este trabajo me propongo analizar la Ética de Abelardo desde su plano normativo, es decir, de qué modo se presentan ciertos aspectos objetivos dentro de su planteo intencionalista; con especial énfasis en la noción de ley natural. En segundo lugar intentaré mostrar una problemática propia del planteo de Abelardo, a saber ¿es posible una determinación de la voluntad sólo por medio de la ley? La posible respuesta a esta pregunta permitirá evaluar la viabilidad de los abordajes de corte kantiano a la teoría de Abelardo (como el de King).Ponencia presentada en la Comisión J-Filosofía MedievalDepartamento de Filosofí

Harnessing Membrane-Acting Agents to Enhance Antibiotic Efficacy Against Staphylococcus aureus

Antibiotic tolerance and antibiotic resistance are the two major obstacles to the efficient and reliable treatment of bacterial infections. Unfortunately, novel antimicrobial development is unlikely to be the answer to mitigating treatment failure as there have only been two new classes of antibiotics introduced in nearly half a century. Moving forward, if we are to maintain the use of our current arsenal of antibiotics, we need to develop innovative approaches to tackle difficult-to-treat bacterial infections. Here we identified strategies that improve classic antibiotic treatment by: (I) identifying an antibiotic adjuvant that potentiates multiple antibiotics, and (II) improving the penetration of antibiotics into bacterial biofilms. We determined that palmitoleic acid, a mono-unsaturated fatty acid, is a potent antibiotic adjuvant for vancomycin, bacitracin, and aminoglycosides through different mechanisms. We show that palmitoleic acid enhances vancomycin and bacitracin activity through the rapid accumulation of membrane-bound cell wall intermediates that generate large fluid patches in the membrane leading to protein delocalization, aberrant septal formation, and loss of membrane integrity. In contrast, we find that palmitoleic acid potentiates aminoglycosides by increasing membrane permeability which facilitates increased drug uptake. Compared to antibiotic monotherapy, we find that combining these antibiotics with palmitoleic acid drastically improves the rate of killing and sensitizes both tolerant and resistant populations to antibiotic killing. Additionally, an infection niche that is notoriously tolerant to antibiotics, especially aminoglycosides, is bacterial biofilms. This is due to poor aminoglycoside uptake into tolerant cells and poor antibiotic penetration into the biofilm. Here, we utilize Sonobactericide, a non-invasive ultrasound-mediated drug delivery technology that improves penetration of therapeutics. By combining Sonobactericide and palmitoleic acid-aminoglycoside therapy we dramatically improve treatment efficacy against a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus wound infection in diabetic mice. Overall, the findings presented here suggest that palmitoleic acid is a multifaceted antibiotic adjuvant with significant clinical potential to improve the efficacy of existing FDA-approved drugs. Additionally, the mechanistic insight underlying synergy with palmitoleic acid can further be exploited to develop additional therapeutic options that improve treatment outcomes.Doctor of Philosoph

Regeneration of aspen following partial and strip understory protection harvest in boreal mixedwood forests

Trembling aspen regeneration was studied in 2 types of partial harvest systems designed to harvest mature aspen but pro- tect immature spruce and encourage natural aspen regeneration. Two partial harvest systems, where the residual aspen was either left in strips or was dispersed uniformly, were compared to traditional clearcuts. After the first and second year since harvest, aspen sucker density and growth was similar between the 2 partial harvests, but was much lower than in the clearcuts. However, in the partial cuts the regeneration density was very much dependent on the location relative to residual trees. The density of regeneration was inversely related to the basal area of residual aspen; however, sucker height was inversely related to the basal area of the residual spruce. Although there were adequate numbers of suckers after partial harvest, their viability and contribution to the long-term productivity of these mixedwood stands is not clear

The Joint European Compound Library:boosting precompetitive research

The Joint European Compound Library (JECL) is a new high-throughput screening collection aimed at driving precompetitive drug discovery and target validation. The JECL has been established with a core of over 321000 compounds from the proprietary collections of seven pharmaceutical companies and will expand to around 500000 compounds. Here, we analyse the physicochemical profile and chemical diversity of the core collection, showing that the collection is diverse and has a broad spectrum of predicted biological activity. We also describe a model for sharing compound information from multiple proprietary collections, enabling diversity and quality analysis without disclosing structures. The JECL is available for screening at no cost to European academic laboratories and SMEs through the IMI European Lead Factory (http://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/)

State-capacity building: Examining design policies in Argentina

El desarrollo de capacidades en el sector público resulta de un equilibrio pendular entre las características que impone el contexto político institucional de cada país y las estrategias que llevan adelante las agencias estatales. Mostramos que, dentro del sector público, coexisten ciclos positivos y negativos de desarrollo de capacidad. Los primeros privilegian la implementación de políticas a través de las agencias estatales con mayor capacidad organizacional, fiscal y humana, mientras que los segundos lo hacen en agencias sin capacidades. Examinamos cuatro agencias en la Argentina que implementan políticas de desarrollo productivo y encontramos que, debido a la volatilidad del contexto político institucional reinante, tienden a predominar ciclos negativos a pesar de la existencia de intentos positivos de construcción por parte de agencias específicas.Public sector capabilities result from an equilibrium between the political and institutional context and the strategies of the different public agencies. We have found the existence of both positive and negative cycles of capacity building within the state. Positive cycles aim to implement policies through agencies that have certain organizational, fiscal and human capabilities, while negative ones fail to do so. We examine four public agencies that implement productive development policies in Argentina and we find that, mainly because of the political institutional contextual logic, negative cycles tend to prevail despite the existence of some efforts to trigger positive ones.Fil: Chudnovsky, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económica; MéxicoFil: Gonzalez, Andrea Lorena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de San Andrés. Departamento de Economía; ArgentinaFil: Hallak, Juan Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Ministerio de Industria; Argentina. Universidad de San Andrés; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Sidders, María Mercedes. Universidad de San Andrés; ArgentinaFil: Tommasi, Mariano. Universidad de San Andrés. Departamento de Economía; Argentin

Quantification of global transcription patterns in prokaryotes using spotted microarrays

We describe an analysis, applicable to any spotted microarray dataset produced using genomic DNA as a reference, that quantifies prokaryotic levels of mRNA on a genome-wide scale. Applying this to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we validate the technique, show a correlation between level of expression and biological importance, define the complement of invariant genes and analyze absolute levels of expression by functional class to develop ways of understanding an organism's biology without comparison to another growth condition

Immune Cell Abundance and T-cell Receptor Landscapes Suggest New Patient Stratification Strategies in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a molecularly and spatially heterogeneous disease frequently characterized by impairment of immunosurveillance mechanisms. Despite recent success with immunotherapy treatment, disease progression still occurs quickly after treatment in the majority of cases, suggesting the need to improve patient selection strategies. In the quest for biomarkers that may help inform response to checkpoint blockade, we characterized the tumor microenvironment (TME) of 162 HNSCC primary tumors of diverse etiologic and spatial origin, through gene expression and IHC profiling of relevant immune proteins, T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire analysis, and whole-exome sequencing. We identified five HNSCC TME categories based on immune/stromal composition: (i) cytotoxic, (ii) plasma cell rich, (iii) dendritic cell rich, (iv) macrophage rich, and (v) immune-excluded. Remarkably, the cytotoxic and plasma cell rich subgroups exhibited a phenotype similar to tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), which have been previously linked to immunotherapy response. We also found an increased richness of the TCR repertoire in these two subgroups and in never smokers. Mutational patterns evidencing APOBEC activity were enriched in the plasma cell high subgroup. Furthermore, specific signal propagation patterns within the Ras/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways associated with distinct immune phenotypes. While traditionally CD8/CD3 T-cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression (e.g., PD-L1) have been used in the patient selection process for checkpoint blockade treatment, we suggest that additional biomarkers, such as TCR productive clonality, smoking history, and TLS index, may have the ability to pull out potential responders to benefit from immunotherapeutic agents. // Significance: Here we present our findings on the genomic and immune landscape of primary disease in a cohort of 162 patients with HNSCC, benefitting from detailed molecular and clinical characterization. By employing whole-exome sequencing and gene expression analysis of relevant immune markers, TCR profiling, and staining of relevant proteins involved in immune response, we highlight how distinct etiologies, cell intrinsic, and environmental factors combine to shape the landscape of HNSCC primary disease