Relationship between coronary function testing and migraine: results from the Women’s Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation-Coronary Vascular Dysfunction project

Aim: To determine the relationship between coronary vascular dysfunction and history of migraines in women with suspected ischemia and no obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA).Methods: In the Women’s Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation-Coronary Vascular Dysfunction study, 402 women with suspected INOCA answered baseline angina questionnaires, including the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ). Coronary function testing (CFT) performed in a subgroup of 252 women evaluated for nonendothelial and endothelial-dependent coronary vascular function. Wilcoxon rank sum test, t-test, and linear regression models were performed.Results: Of the 252 women who underwent CFT, 126 (50%) women reported migraine history. Compared to women who reported no migraines, women with migraines were younger and more were premenopausal. They had more angina at rest, with strong emotions, and hot/cold temperatures, as well as angina that wakes them from sleep (P < 0.05 for all). Women with migraines also scored worse on SAQ angina frequency and quality of life (P < 0.01 for both). There was no difference in prevalence of coronary vascular dysfunction in the two groups. In addition, linear regression models demonstrated no significant age-adjusted differences in absolute CFT variables.Conclusion: Among women with suspected INOCA, migraine history is prevalent and women with migraines have worse angina compared to those without migraines. Coronary vascular dysfunction diagnosed by CFT does not appear to relate to migraine history

Additional file 1 of Evaluating oleaginous yeasts for enhanced microbial lipid production using sweetwater as a sustainable feedstock

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Aspect and properties of the three types of sweetwater used in this study. The asterisk indicates that SW85 was diluted before pH measurement. Figure S2. Bar graphs of data shown in Table 2. Error bars indicate standard deviations. Figure S3. Evaluating the glycerol tolerance of oleaginous yeasts Cells were grown in 96-well microplates containing either refined glycerol diluted with synthetic complete nutrient mix for a final glycerol concentration of 2% (w/v) [black line: Gly2SC], 8% (w/v) [blue line: Gly8SC] or 16% (w/v) [red line: Gly16SC]. Cells were grown in quadruplicates and the averages OD600 and associated standard deviations were plotted against time. Figure S4. Bar graphs of data comparing growth in SW35>1.5SC and SW35SC shown in Table 3. Error bars indicate standard deviations. Figure S5. Bar graphs of data comparing pH 6.09 and pH 3.95 in SW15 shown in Table 3. Error bars indicate standard deviations. Figure S6. Evaluating growth in different type of sweetwater diluted with the synthetic complete nutrient mic. Cells were grown in 96-well microplates containing either in SW15 [black line: SW15>1.5SC], SW35 [teal line: SW35>1.5SC] or SW85 [purple line: SW85>1.5SC] diluted in synthetic complete nutrient mix for a final glycerol concentration of 1.5% (w/v). Cells were grown in quadruplicates and the averages OD600 and associated standard deviations were plotted against time. Figure S7. Evaluating effect of sweetwater pH on growth. Cells were grown in 96-well microplates containing either sweetwater with a 15% (w/v) glycerol content at native pH [black line: SW15 pH 3.95] or sweetwater with a 15% (w/v) glycerol content with a pH adjusted to 6 [teal line: SW15 pH 6.09]. Cells were grown in quadruplicates and the averages OD600 and associated standard deviations were plotted against time. Figure S8. Clustergram of sample-to-sample Euclidean distances based on expression counts normalized by variance stabilizing transformation. Figure S9. Growth curves of R. toruloides NRRL Y-6987 in the 4 media used for the transcriptomic analysis. Table S1. Annotation of genes represented in the Fig. 3. Table S2. Top 50 of annotated genes contributing the most to PC1 in the differential expression analysis of SW15 vs Gly15. Gene ranks in terms of contribution to PC1 were given in column Rank #, and genes were sorted by descending contribution in each category. The smallest rank corresponds to the highest the contribution. LFC (Log2 fold change) gives the estimated change between gene expression level of in SW15 compared to Gly15 (Ctrl). This change is associated with a FDR adjusted p-value either non-significant (ns), non-computed (na), lower than 0.01 (< 0.01), between 0.01 and 0.05 (< 0.05) or between 0.05 and 0.1 (< 0.1). Only padj < 0.01 were considered significant in the manuscript. Table S3. Differential expression results of SW15 vs. Gly15 of relevant genes associated with lipid metabolism. Gene ranks in terms of contribution to PC1 were given in column Rank # and genes were sorted by descending contribution in each category. LFC (Log2 fold change) gives the estimated change between gene expression level of in SW15 compared to Gly15 (Ctrl). This change is associated with a FDR adjusted p-value either non-significant (ns), non-computed (na), lower than 0.01 (< 0.01), between 0.01 and 0.05 (< 0.05) or between 0.05 and 0.1 (< 0.1). Only padj < 0.01 were considered significant in the manuscript