Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

AnnAGNPS模式推估集水區逕流量與泥砂產量之適用性探討

Various kinds of calculating watershed models were developed to provide the help for designing the watershed. The functions of models could help the researcher to estimate the environmental influence and impact. The study mainly probes into the application of AnnAGNPS through simulating the runoff and sediment yield at the upper watershed of Pai-shih River in Shih-man Reservoir.By using the sensitivity analyze of AnnAGNPS for runoff and sediment yield, the numbers from high to low showed two outcomes. The first about runoff is CN value, field capacity, and hydraulic conductivity of saturated soil; the other about sediment yield is cover ratio, field capacity, Manning''s n and live root mass. Three steps were used to evaluate AnnAGNPS. First, using the data in 1997 related to the runoff and sediment yield corrected the parameter. Second, using the data from 1998 to 2000 tested and verified the estimation. Final, using CE, CP, and ED estimated the application. Moreover, the results after testing the runoff were showed by the ordering of time from 1998 to 2000, and combined. Separately, CE is 0.65, -0.38, 0.38, and 0.45. CP is 0.35, 1.38, 0.76, and 0.52. ED is -14.13％, 39.08％, 18.89％, and 11.99％. However, the following results referred to the sediment yield. CE is 0.94, 0.30, 0.87, and 0.92. CP is 0.06, 0.70, 0.13, and 0.08. ED is 13.85％, 36.09％, 21.51％, and 19.24％. Besides, CE is between 0.24 and 0.92, as well as ED is within 40% when the researcher used monthly data to evaluate.From CE and ED, the researcher found AnnAGNPS did not take time into consideration, but focused on estimating the sum of the runoff and sediment yield in the watershed. Furthermore, by integrating the deviations as evaluating AnnAGNPS, three types of deviation are categorized: recession curve duration, rainfall type, and base flow.為有效協助規劃集水區，國內外發展了許多集水區歷程演算模式，此類模式的發展有助於評估集水區內各種開發行為對環境所帶來之衝擊及影響。本研究主要探討以年農業非點源污染模式(AnnAGNPS)模擬石門水庫上游白石溪集水區內逕流量及泥砂產量之適用性。模式敏感度分析結果，對逕流量之敏感度由高至低依序為逕流曲線數值（CN值）、田間容水量及飽和傳導度；而對泥砂產量之敏感度由高至低依序為植物覆蓋率、田間容水量、曼寧n值及根系單位面積鮮重。以1997年間實測流量與泥砂量對模式內各參數進行校準，再以1998～2000年間實測資料對模式之推估值進行驗證，並以效率係數（CE）、性能係數（CP）及估計差異（ED）評估模式之適用性。驗證期間各年逕流量推估結果依時間排序其CE分別為0.65、-0.38及0.24，合併1998～2000三年推估結果後得CE為0.45；依時間排序其CP分別為0.35、1.38及0.76，合併1998～2000三年推估結果後得CP為0.52；ED依時間排序分別為-14.13％、39.08％及18.89％，1998～2000年為11.99％；泥砂產量推估結果：依時間排列CE值為0.94、0.30及0.87，1998～2000年為0.92；依時間排列CP值為0.06、0.70及0.13，1998～2000年為0.08；ED值分別為13.85％、36.09％、21.51％以及1998～2000年的19.24％。以單月產量進行評估時，CE值介於0.24～0.92之間，ED值均在40％以內。CE值與ED值顯示出模式並未深入考慮時間尺度，而是以推估集水區內逕流與泥砂之總產量為重點。綜合驗證期間模式之誤差原因，歸類為下列三種：1.退水延時誤差 2.降雨類型誤差 3.基流誤差。摘要 I ABSTRACT II 目錄 IV 圖目錄 VI 表目錄 VIII 壹、前言 1 貳、前人研究 2 一、AGNPS簡介 2 二、AGNPS之應用 4 三、AnnAGNPS簡介 6 （一）泥砂方面 8 （二）水文方面 12 四、AnnAGNPS之應用 14 五、AnnAGNPS與AGNPS之比較 15 六、模式驗證 16 七、地理資訊系統與遙測技術 17 （一）網格大小的決定 18 （二）地表覆蓋情況 18 参、研究材料與方法 20 一、研究試區概述 20 （一）行政區域 20 （二）地形概況 21 （三）土地利用情形 21 （四）土壤概況 21 （五）氣候水文 27 二、研究流程圖 30 三、研究方法 31 （一）地理資料庫建置 31 （二）氣候資料庫之建立 36 （三）模式適合度之評估 37 （四）模式參數設定 39 （五）實測資料 46 肆、結果與討論 47 一、模式校準 47 （一）模式敏感度分析 47 （二）參數校準 51 （三）校準後逕流量推估結果 55 （四）校準後泥砂產量推估結果 58 二、模式驗證 60 （一）逕流量推估結果 60 （二）泥砂產量推估結果 73 （三）驗證期間誤差原因歸納 80 伍、結論 81 一、模式計算方式 81 二、模式推估及驗證結果 81 三、建議 82 陸、參考文獻 8

Implementation of a CAN Bus based hybrid control unit in an X in-the-loop-system

現今一款新的房車和過去相比，車內的電子控制單元(ECU)數量非常的多，有小型的電子控制單元來控制小型電子原件，如：車燈、儀表板、窗戶，也有較大型的電子控制單元，如：混合動力單元、馬達驅動器……等。因此車內各電子元件之間訊息交換十分頻繁，此時通訊協議便顯得十分重要，本論文將先介紹幾個常見通訊方式的基本架構與優缺點，並挑選最適合的通訊方法，再介紹微控制板(MPC)內的控制器區域網路模組之架構，以及各個所需要注意的事項與設定方法，進而運用現有的微控制板，做一個以控制器區域網絡(CAN)為基礎的通訊測試，並將之與dSPACE內的整車系統做連結，搭配簡易的動力分配方法對dSPACE內的動力系統進行控制器區域網絡之通訊測試，通訊測試的結果為正確並可成功連結各系統。Compared to traditional vehicle, the number of electronic control units inside the modern vehicle is much greater. Small electronic control units control the small electronic components, such as lights, dashboards, and windows. There are larger electronic control units, the hybrid control unit, the motor drives, etc. Since the various electronic components exchange messages frequently, the communication protocol is very important. This thesis will introduce the basic architecture the advantages and disadvantages of several common means of communication first, and determine which communication method should be implemented. Second, Controller Area Network (CAN) module’s architecture of the MPC, precautions and setting methods will be discussed. The CAN of the existing micro-controller is tested within the MPC initially, and then the MPC is connected to the vehicle’s power train model within the dSPACE to conduct communications test of the CAN with a simple power distribution method. Analysis of the test results is exercised and the communication is confirmed to be successful

Comparison of Findings between Clinical Examinations and Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

The Velum, Oropharynx, Tongue base and Epiglottis (VOTE) classification on drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is used widely for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome, though research into comparative physical examinations with VOTE on DISE is still limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the findings of physical examinations and DISE in patients with OSA. Fifty-five patients with OSA were enrolled in this retrospective study. All of the patients received clinical explorations including a Brodsky classification, a modified Mallampati score (MMS), a modified Friedman’s staging system, and a Muller’s test. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy was further evaluated in the operating room. There were significant relationships between Brodsky classification, modified Friedman’s staging system, Muller’s test and oropharynx collapse during DISE (p < 0.05). Brodsky classification, MMS, modified Friedman’s staging system and retropalatal lateral-to-lateral (L–L) collapse of Muller’s test were significantly correlated with VOTE count (p < 0.05). The concordance between VOTE under DISE and Brodsky classification or modified Friedman’s staging system was moderate. In contrast, the concordance between VOTE under DISE and MMS or Muller’s test was slight. The study revealed that Brodsky classification and Friedman staging had a significant relationship with DISE on the velum and oropharynx, but the level of tongue base is uncertain between DISE and MMS. Correlation of awake evaluation of tongue base is still not correlated to the DISE findings. Pre-treatment evaluation of DISE is still warranted