MicroRNA-23a promotes myelination in the central nervous system.

Demyelinating disorders including leukodystrophies are devastating conditions that are still in need of better understanding, and both oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin synthesis pathways are potential avenues for developing treatment. Overexpression of lamin B1 leads to leukodystrophy characterized by demyelination of the central nervous system, and microRNA-23 (miR-23) was found to suppress lamin B1 and enhance oligodendrocyte differentiation in vitro. Here, we demonstrated that miR-23a-overexpressing mice have increased myelin thickness, providing in vivo evidence that miR-23a enhances both oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin synthesis. Using this mouse model, we explored possible miR-23a targets and revealed that the phosphatase and tensin homologue/phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway is modulated by miR-23a. Additionally, a long noncoding RNA, 2700046G09Rik, was identified as a miR-23a target and modulates phosphatase and tensin homologue itself in a miR-23a-dependent manner. The data presented here imply a unique role for miR-23a in the coordination of proteins and noncoding RNAs in generating and maintaining healthy myelin

Noninvasive prediction of Blood Lactate through a machine learning-based approach.

We hypothesized that blood lactate concentration([Lac]blood) is a function of cardiopulmonary variables, exercise intensity and some anthropometric elements during aerobic exercise. This investigation aimed to establish a mathematical model to estimate [Lac]blood noninvasively during constant work rate (CWR) exercise of various intensities. 31 healthy participants were recruited and each underwent 4 cardiopulmonary exercise tests: one incremental and three CWR tests (low: 35% of peak work rate for 15 min, moderate: 60% 10 min and high: 90% 4 min). At the end of each CWR test, venous blood was sampled to determine [Lac]blood. 31 trios of CWR tests were employed to construct the mathematical model, which utilized exponential regression combined with Taylor expansion. Good fitting was achieved when the conditions of low and moderate intensity were put in one model; high-intensity in another. Standard deviation of fitting error in the former condition is 0.52; in the latter is 1.82 mmol/liter. Weighting analysis demonstrated that, besides heart rate, respiratory variables are required in the estimation of [Lac]blood in the model of low/moderate intensity. In conclusion, by measuring noninvasive cardio-respiratory parameters, [Lac]blood during CWR exercise can be determined with good accuracy. This should have application in endurance training and future exercise industry

A New Recursive Dynamic Lot-Sizing Model with Multi-Level Discount

The optimal solution of dynamic lot-sizing problem with multi-level discount is solved by integer programming model in the past papers. However, a complex computation and a large computer memory are generated. Due to the complexity and the big computer memory, the heuristic approaches and the variable neighborhood algorithm are usually adopted in the large-scale multi-level lot-sizing problem. This paper develops a model with a recursive relation between the adjacent periods, and to obtain an optimal solution when multi-level discount is considered. Four types of the feasible policies in the Dynamic Lot-Sizing model with multi-level discount are classified to develop the recursive relations. A few properties, theorems and algorithms are developed to show the recursion between the adjacent periods. The number of addition items will significantly be reduced. The recursive algorithm can significantly decrease the computational entries, comparison entries and computer memory and improve the computation efficiency

Tris[2-eth­oxy-6-(methyl­imino­meth­yl)phenolato-κ2 N,O 1]cobalt(III) monohydrate

In the title compound, [Co(C10H12NO2)3]·H2O, the CoIII ion is coordinated by three O atoms and three N atoms from three bidentate 2-eth­oxy-6-(methyl­imino­meth­yl)phenolate ligands in a slightly distorted octa­hedral environment. The water mol­ecule connects two ligands by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. One terminal methyl group is disordered over two positions, with site-occupancy factors of 0.412 (15) and 0.588 (15)

ELEMENTARY SCHOOL BOYS’ SOCCER KICK SKILL ANALYSIS

The purpose of this study is aimed to analyze elementary school boys’ kicking skills on the perspective of motor skills. The data is collected by Vicon Motion Analysis System (250Hz). The parameters include the compare of the instant joint angles and the time proportion during the process of the kicking toward the different kick performance groups. The participants are 36 elementary boy soccer players (age: 11.7±0.3 yrs; height: 1.42±0.13 m; weight: 37.5±13.0 kg). The subjects were divided to two groups according to the instance kicking ball speed. The result indicated that the high ball speed group players have greater extremity joint angles than the low ball speed group. No difference was found on the time proportion during the process of the kicking. We suggest that the learning of kicking skill can start with the lower speed in the beginner stage

Clinical significance of erythromycin-resistant Campylobacter jejuni in children

Campylobacter has been recognized as the common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in many countries. Increasing erythromycin resistance in Campylobacter jejuni infection is noted recently, but severe case was rarely reported. In this study, we aimed to clarify the clinical significance of the resistant strain of C jejuni in children. We reviewed the charts of children who were diagnosed with C jejuni enteritis in our hospital from January 2000 to December 2005, including 326 patients (117 males and 209 females). All the cases had positive stool culture. We divided them into two groups, the sensitive group (a total of 306 cases) and resistant group (a total of 20 cases), according to the drug sensitivity. We analyzed the clinical manifestations and laboratory data between the two groups. The mean age was 3.79±3.24 years in the sensitive group and 3.03±2.84 years in the resistant group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in clinical presentations and laboratory examinations. No mortality was found, and one case was initially presented with colonic perforation. This report demonstrates that infection by erythromycin-resistant strains of C jejuni has no clinical significance in children, despite the probably increased emergence of erythromycin resistance

The Quality Improvement of Solid-State Fermentation with Cordyceps militaris by UVB Irradiation

Cordyceps militaris, ljekovita i jestiva gljiva, korištena je za fermentaciju na čvrstoj podlozi od heljde i prirodne riže. Svrha je istraživanja bila ispitati utjecaj ultraljubičastih B (UVB) zraka na udjele vitamina D2 i biološki aktivnih tvari te antioksidacijska svojstva heljde i prirodne riže tijekom fermentacije na čvrstoj podlozi s pomoću C. militaris. Ozračeni uzorci fermentirane heljde i prirodne riže imali su znatno veći udjel vitamina D2, i to od 0-0.3 do 1.18-16.79 μg/g, dok je u svježoj prirodnoj riži udjel vitamina D2 nakon fermentacije bio 16.79 μg/g. Udjeli adenozina, kordicepina i polisaharida u ozračenim sušenim uzorcima fermentiranim s pomoću C. militaris bili su od 0.08 do 11.5 mg/g, odnosno veći nego u svježim uzorcima fermentiranim s pomoću C. militaris (0.07–8.40 mg/g). Uzorci fermentirani s pomoću C. militaris imali su manje vrijednosti EC50 i veći udjel antioksidansa od nefermentiranih uzoraka. Nakon fermentacije na čvrstoj podlozi i zračenja UVB svjetlom, smanjili su se udjeli biološki aktivnih i antioksidacijskih sastojaka te antioksidacijska svojstva uzorka. No, usprkos tome, količina navedenih komponenata bila je dostatna.Cordyceps militaris, a medicinal and edible mushroom, was used to ferment buckwheat and embryo rice by solid-state fermentation (SSF). Our aim was to investigate the effect of ultraviolet B (UVB) light irradiation on the content of vitamin D2 and biologically effective components, and antioxidant properties of buckwheat and embryo rice in SSF with C. militaris. Irradiated samples of buckwheat and embryo rice fermented by C. militaris had significantly increased vitamin D2 content, from 0-0.3 to 1.18-16.79 μg/g, while the increase in fresh embryo rice fermented by C. militaris was up to 16.79 μg/g. The content of adenosine, cordycepin and polysaccharide in irradiated dry samples fermented by C. militaris was 0.08 to 11.15 mg/g, higher than that of the irradiated fresh samples fermented by C. militaris (0.07–8.40 mg/g). Samples fermented by C. militaris had lower EC50 values and higher content of antioxidants than did unfermented samples. When the solid-state fermented sample was irradiated with UVB light, the content of biologically effective and antioxidant components and antioxidant property of sample decreased. However, it still contained enough of these biologically effective and antioxidant components

Absorption Properties of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in Highly-Polluted Yundang Lagoon, China

AbstractOptical properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) from highly polluted Yundang Lagoon, China were investigated from April 2008 to June 2009. The absorption spectra of DOM from this polluted saline lake resembled that of DOM from other natural environments. The spatial distribution of absorption coefficients at 280nm (a280) indicated that sewage discharge was the main source of CDOM in this lagoon. A notable seasonal variation of a280 was observed from spring of 2008 to spring of 2009, indicating the reduction in sewage discharge from municipal works. Most values of spectral slope ratio (SR) of CDOM absorption were >1, implying that sewage-derived DOM has a low molecular weight. There was a significant linear correlation between a280 and the DOC concentration, demonstrating the feasibility to use optical properties of DOM to assess the degree of organic pollution in highly-polluted aquatic environments