Streets Are for Nobody: Caroline

From an interview by Melissa Shook, July 7, 1988, Boston. Reprinted, with permission, from Streets Are for Nobody: Homeless Women Speak, Boston Center for the Arts, 1991

Streets Are for Nobody: Mary

From an interview by Melissa Shook, June 24, 1990, Castle Island, South Boston. Reprinted, with permission, from Streets Are for Nobody: Homeless Women Speak, Boston Center for the Arts, 1991

Streets Are for Nobody: Awilda Cruz

From an interviewed by Melissa Shook, July 29, 1989, Shepherd House, Dorchester. Reprinted, with permission, from Streets Are for Nobody: Homeless Women Speak, Boston Center for the Arts, 1991

Streets Are for Nobody: Marybeth

From an interview by Melissa Shook, November 1988, Long Island Shelter. (No contact with Marybeth after she left the shelter.) Reprinted, with permission, from Streets Are for Nobody: Homeless Women Speak, Boston Center for the Arts, 1991

Streets Are for Nobody: Margaret Mullins

From an interview by Melissa Shook, February 1989, Long Island Shelter. Reprinted, with permission, from Streets Are for Nobody: Homeless Women Speak, Boston Center for the Arts, 1991

Streets Are for Nobody: Marie

From an interview by Melissa Shook, September 11, 1988, South End. Reprinted, with permission, from Streets Are for Nobody: Homeless Women Speak, Boston Center for the Arts, 1991

Streets Are for Nobody: Judy Silva

From an interview by Melissa Shook, April 24, 1990, Chelsea. Reprinted, with permission, from Streets Are for Nobody: Homeless Women Speak, Boston Center for the Arts, 1991

Streets Are for Nobody: Pat Gomes

From an interview by Melissa Shook, July 2, 1990, Cambridge. Reprinted, with permission, from Streets Are for Nobody: Homeless Women Speak, Boston Center for the Arts, 1991

Airborne formaldehyde and volatile organic compound measurements over the Daesan petrochemical complex on Korea’s northwest coast during the Korea-United States Air Quality study

The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration in partnership with Korea’s National Institute of Environmental Research embarked on the Korea-United States Air Quality (KORUS-AQ) study to address air quality issues over the Korean peninsula. Underestimation of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from various large facilities on South Korea’s northwest coast may contribute to this problem, and this study focuses on quantifying top-down emissions of formaldehyde (CH₂O) and VOCs from the largest of these facilities, the Daesan petrochemical complex, and comparisons with the latest emission inventories. To accomplish this and additional goals discussed herein, this study employed a number of measurements acquired during KORUS-AQ onboard the NASA DC-8 aircraft during three Daesan overflights on June 2, 3, and 5, 2016, in conjunction with a mass balance approach. The measurements included fast airborne measurements of CH₂O and ethane from an infrared spectrometer, additional fast measurements from other instruments, and a suite of 33 VOC measurements acquired by the whole air sampler. The mass balance approach resulted in consistent top-down yearly Daesan VOC emission flux estimates, which averaged (61 ± 14) × 10³ MT/year for the 33 VOC compounds, a factor of 2.9 ± 0.6 (±1.0) higher than the bottom-up inventory value. The top-down Daesan emission estimate for CH₂O and its four primary precursors averaged a factor of 4.3 ± 1.5 (± 1.9) times higher than the bottom-up inventory value. The uncertainty values in parentheses reflect upper limits for total uncertainty estimates. The resulting averaged top-down Daesan emission estimate for sulfur dioxide (SO₂) yielded a ratio of 0.81–1.0 times the bottom-up SO₂ inventory, and this provides an important cross-check on the accuracy of our mass balance analysis