Evaluation of fracture resistance and marginal fit of implant-supported interim crowns fabricated by conventional, additive and subtractive methods

Abstract Background Interim crowns are utilized for restoring implants during and after the process of osseointegration. However, studies on adaptation and fracture strength of implant-supported interim crowns are rare. Aim of the study The aim of this in vitro study is evaluating marginal fit and fracture resistance of conventional, subtractive, and additive methods of fabricating implant-supported interim crowns. Materials and methods An implant was placed in an epoxy resin model with a missing first molar. A scan body was attached, and scanned with an intraoral scanner (IOS), the STL file was used to fabricate eighteen master models with standardized implant digital analogue spaces. The digital analogues and their corresponding abutments were attached to the master models and scanned with the IOS, the STL files were used to fabricate eighteen crowns using three different techniques (n = 6): conventional (CR); from Autopolymerizing composite resin, subtractive (SM); milled from PMMA resin blanks, and additive (AM); from 3D printed resin material. The crowns were fitted and cemented on their corresponding abutments and subjected to cyclic loading and thermocycling. The marginal fit was evaluated using a stereomicroscope. The crowns were then loaded until fractured in a universal testing machine. The Shapiro–Wilk and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests revealed that data of Marginal gap was non-parametric. Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Dunn test was used (α = 0.05). While data of Fracture resistance test was parametric. ANOVA (F-test) was used followed by the Tukey test (α = 0.05). Results For marginal gap, a significant difference was shown between the study groups (P = .001) according to Kruskal–Wallis test. Groups SM and AM had significantly lower marginal gap values compared to group CR (P = .003). No significant difference was found between groups SM and AM (P = .994). For fracture resistance, One-way ANOVA revealed a significant difference in fracture resistance between study groups (P < .001). Group SM had significantly higher fracture strength followed by group AM and group CR (P = .001). Conclusions Group SM and AM showed better marginal adaptation than group CR. Group SM showed superior fracture resistance compared to other groups. All study groups showed acceptable marginal gap and fracture resistance

Preoperative assessment of vascular invasion in exocrine pancreatic cancer by multidetector CT

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate multidetector CT (MDCT) signs of vascular invasion in pancreatic carcinoma.Patients and methodsRetrospective review of preoperative dynamic MDCT of 42 patients with pathologically proven pancreatic carcinoma.ResultsSurgically confirmed invaded vessels were 19 arteries and 33 veins. Multiple signs of vascular invasion were assessed.ConclusionSignificant advances have been made in the ability of MDCT to visualize pancreatic cancer and to stage disease when close attention is paid to technique with special attention to multiple signs of vascular invasion

An intervention program for women complaining from urinary incontinence at Aga city

Background: Urinary incontinence affect women at any age in which deteriorate their quality of life. Pelvic training to control bladder function at regular time intervals has been demonstrated to be an effective method for treating incontinence. Aim: the study aimed to evaluate the effect of intervention program for women complaining from UI. Study design: A quasi-experimental design was used in this study. Setting: The study was conducted at five outpatient clinics of Aga central hospital, Dakahlia Government, Egypt. Sample:&nbsp; A purposive sample was used to select 354 women divided randomly into study group and control group each of them were 177. Tools: Two tools were used for data collection. 1st tool is a structural interviewing questionnaire: It contained four parts: Part I: Women socio-demographic characteristics. Part II: women’s history. Part III: Women’s knowledge regarding urinary incontinence and pelvic floor muscle exercises. Ⅳ: Women’s reported practice regarding pelvic floor muscle exercises. 2nd tool is Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI) standardized tool to assess urinary system efficiency.&nbsp;&nbsp

Whole mitochondrial and plastid genome SNP analysis of nine date palm cultivars reveals plastid heteroplasmy and close phylogenetic relationships among cultivars.

Date palm is a very important crop in western Asia and northern Africa, and it is the oldest domesticated fruit tree with archaeological records dating back 5000 years. The huge economic value of this crop has generated considerable interest in breeding programs to enhance production of dates. One of the major limitations of these efforts is the uncertainty regarding the number of date palm cultivars, which are currently based on fruit shape, size, color, and taste. Whole mitochondrial and plastid genome sequences were utilized to examine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of date palms to evaluate the efficacy of this approach for molecular characterization of cultivars. Mitochondrial and plastid genomes of nine Saudi Arabian cultivars were sequenced. For each species about 60 million 100 bp paired-end reads were generated from total genomic DNA using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. For each cultivar, sequences were aligned separately to the published date palm plastid and mitochondrial reference genomes, and SNPs were identified. The results identified cultivar-specific SNPs for eight of the nine cultivars. Two previous SNP analyses of mitochondrial and plastid genomes identified substantial intra-cultivar ( = intra-varietal) polymorphisms in organellar genomes but these studies did not properly take into account the fact that nearly half of the plastid genome has been integrated into the mitochondrial genome. Filtering all sequencing reads that mapped to both organellar genomes nearly eliminated mitochondrial heteroplasmy but all plastid SNPs remained heteroplasmic. This investigation provides valuable insights into how to deal with interorganellar DNA transfer in performing SNP analyses from total genomic DNA. The results confirm recent suggestions that plastid heteroplasmy is much more common than previously thought. Finally, low levels of sequence variation in plastid and mitochondrial genomes argue for using nuclear SNPs for molecular characterization of date palm cultivars

Plastid SNPs sorted by position in the genome.

<p>SNPs that are unique to an individual cultivar are in bold. IGS  =  intergenic spacer; I  =  intron; NS  =  nonsynonymous; S  =  synonymous.</p