Effect of dietary approaches to stop hypertension, and standard diets with and without curcumin on interleukin-1 alpha, 5-alpha reductase gene expressions, and androgenic and glycemic profile in polycystic ovary syndrome women undergoing IVF

Full Title: Effect of dietary approaches to stop hypertension, and standard diets with and without curcumin on interleukin-1 alpha, 5-alpha reductase gene expressions, and androgenic and glycemic profile in polycystic ovary syndrome women undergoing in vitro fertilization treatment: A study protocol Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine diseases with major reproductive and metabolic complications with an impact on public health. Hyperandrogenism and chronic inflammation have been suggested as the leading cause of pathophysiology and clinical manifestations associated with PCOS. It seems that the altered expression of genes involved in the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokine and androgens contribute to the promotion of PCOS. Objective: This trial aims to determine the effects of dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) and standard diets with and without curcumin supplementation on the gene expression of interleukin (IL)-1α alpha, IL-5α reductase and androgenic and glycemic profile among PCOS patients, who are candidates for in vitro fertilization. Materials and Methods: 96 infertile women with PCOS, aged 18-40 yr, will participate in this randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Based on treatment conditions and body mass index, the participants will be randomly divided into 4 equal groups using a randomized block design. They will receive a DASH or standard diet containing 52% carbohydrate, 18% protein, and 30% total fat, with the same prescribed sodium, plus 500 mg twice daily curcumin or placebo for 12 wk. The mRNA expression of IL-1α, 5α reductase, and androgenic and glycemic profiles will be measured at baseline and at the end of the study. Conclusion: Concomitant administration of DASH diet and curcumin supplementation may reduce IL-1α, 5α reductase gene expressions, and improve glycemic and androgenic profiles. Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Dietary approaches to stop hypertension, Curcumin, Fertilization in vitro, Gene expression

Association of SNP rs.2414096 CYP19 gene with polycystic ovarian syndrome in Iranian women

Background: Genetic factors are believed to play an important role in the etiology of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) which is the most common endocrinological disorder of women in their reproductive age. Androgen metabolism is impaired in PCOS and, thus, CYP19 gene which is involved in this pathway can be a candidate gene. Previous studies have shown a relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of CYP19 in hyperandrogenism and PCOS in some racial groups. Objective: This study was designed to elucidate the role of CYP19 gene in PCOS in Iran. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 70 PCOS women and 70 non-PCOS women as normal control were selected. Following the informed consent, 5 ml blood was taken from individuals and subsequently, genomic DNA was extracted by salting out method. Furthermore, a set of polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was carried out using specific primers for SNP rs.2414096 followed by enzyme digestion, with HSP92II. Results: Genotype frequencies of SNP rs. 2414096 in PCOS women were as follows: AA (14.4%), AG (44.3%), and GG (41.4%) while in normal group, genotypes were 24.3%, 52.8%, and 22.9%, respectively. Allele frequencies in PCOS group were 49.3% for A and 50.7% for G, whereas normal group had a different percentage of A (36.4%) and G (63.6%). The calculations for both genotypic and allelic frequencies showed statistical significance difference. Conclusion: Variants of SNP rs. 2414096 in CYP19 could play a role in the development of PCOS in Iranian women

The interaction between the dietary phytochemical index and CD36 rs1761667 polymorphism on the risk factors related to metabolic syndrome

Introduction: The aim of the study was to assess the interaction between CD36 rs1761667 and dietary phytochemical index (DPI) on the risk factors related to MetS among apparently healthy adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 387 apparently healthy adults (20–70 years) of the recruitment phase of Yazd Health Study (YaHS). DPI was calculated using data from a validated, and reliable food frequency questionnaire. Genotyping of rs1761667 was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. All participants were categorized into two categories, based on DPI scores. The interactions were tested using logistic regression in adjusted and unadjusted models. Results: There was no significant association between CD36 gene polymorphism rs1761667 and metabolic syndrome components as well as DPI score was not associated with the components of MetS. Significant interactions were observed between DPI and rs1761667 polymorphism on the odds of metabolic syndrome (P = 0.05) and odds of abdominal obesity (P = 0.01), so that, higher adherence to this index was associated with a low risk of MetS and abdominal obesity in individuals with AG genotype. In contrast, increased adherence to the DPI was associated with higher odds of abdominal obesity among the AA genotype. Conclusion: The AG genotype appears to be a protective factor against the risk of MetS and abdominal obesity with greater adherence to DPI. However, additional research is needed to elucidate these interactions and the mechanisms behind these associations