Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141134/1/jper0008.pd

Letter about dental decay, obesity shows that sugar industry is not to be trusted

The South African Sugar Association (SASA) tries to trash our scientific arguments about the association of sugars with dental decay, obesity and diabetes ( "Sugar leaves a bitter taste" Cape Times August 18th) in their letter , "Confronting some fallacies of SA's sugar consumption with scientific facts", Cape Times, August 19. But the science that we report is the most up to date consensus of the leading expert committees.DHE

The relation between oral impacts on daily performances and perceived clinical oral conditions in primary school children in the Ugu District, Kwazulu Natal, South Africa

Few studies have related the common oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) impacts in children to perceived causes. Objective: To assess the prevalence, extent and intensity of oral impacts in relation to perceived clinical conditions in primary school children in South Africa. Methods: Cross-sectional study of a random sample of children attending 26 schools. The Child Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (Child-OIDP) index, administered through individual face-to-face interviews, was used. Results: Sixty four per cent of the sample of 2610 children aged 11-13 years participated. 36.2% reported having one or more oral impacts on daily performances, 61.1% having one affected and 63.1% reporting impacts were of “very little” or “little” intensity. Eating was most commonly affected (22.8%) mainly related to decay (40%), followed by cleaning the teeth (17.2%). Toothache impacted on speaking (32.5%), whereas toothache (35.7%) and tooth decay (28.6%) influenced studying. Position of teeth impacted on smiling (19.2%), social (8.5%) and speaking (7.5%). Bleeding gums” and “tooth colour” affected cleaning teeth and smiling respectively.Department of HE and Training approved lis

The prevalence and severity of oral impacts on daily performances in Thai primary school children

BACKGROUND: Traditional methods of measuring oral health mainly use clinical dental indices and have been complemented by oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) measures. Most OHRQoL studies have been on adults and elderly populations. There are no systematic OHRQoL studies of a population-based sample of children. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence, characteristics and severity of oral impacts in primary school children. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of all 1126 children aged 11–12 years in a municipal area of Suphanburi province, Thailand. An OHRQoL measure, Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performances index (Child-OIDP) was used to assess oral impacts. Children were also clinically examined and completed a self-administered questionnaire about demographic information and oral behaviours. RESULTS: 89.8% of children had one or more oral impacts. The median impact score was 7.6 and mean score was 8.8. Nearly half (47.0%) of the children with impacts had impacts at very little or little levels of intensity. Most (84.8%) of those with impacts had 1–4 daily performances affected (out of 8 performances). Eating was the most common performance affected (72.9%). The severity of impacts was high for eating and smiling and low for study and social contact performances. The main clinical causes of impacts were sensitive tooth (27.9%), oral ulcers (25.8%), toothache (25.1%) and an exfoliating primary tooth (23.4%). CONCLUSIONS: The study reveals that oral health impacts on quality of life in Thai primary school children. Oral impacts were prevalent, but not severe. The impacts mainly related to difficulty eating and smiling. Toothache, oral ulcers and natural processes contributed largely to the incidence of oral impacts

Validation of an English version of the Child-OIDP index, an oral health-related quality of life measure for children

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Child-OIDP for use among children in the UK and report on the prevalence of oral impacts in a sample of schoolchildren in Westminster. METHODS: Children aged 10–11 years in the final year of primary school (year 6) were selected from seven schools where annual screenings are carried out. A total of 228 children participated (99% response rate). A clinical examination was conducted followed by a questionnaire designed to measure oral health-related quality of life in children, namely the Child-OIDP. The psychometric properties of the Child-OIDP were evaluated in terms of face, content and concurrent validity in addition to internal and test-retest reliability. RESULTS: The Child-OIDP revealed excellent validity and good reliability. Weighted Kappa was 0.82. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.58. The index showed significant associations with perceived oral treatment needs and perceived satisfaction with mouth and oral health status (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study has demonstrated that the Child-OIDP is a valid and reliable index to be used among 10–11 year old schoolchildren in the UK

Sugar leaves a bitter taste

The types of foods we eat have become one of the most important issues of our time. In South Africa, diseases related to diet such as heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity and tooth decay are increasing. However, we have no real solutions to these mounting health problems. They place a high and unsustainable financial burden on an already overloaded health care system. The issues related to changes in diet are complex and need a detailed analysis of the problem and possible solutions.DHE

A Korean version of the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) scale in elderly populations: Validity, reliability and prevalence

Background: This study aimed to develop a Korean version of the OIDP index for elderly people and to assess the levels of sociodental impacts in an older Korean population.Methods: The OIDP index for elderly people was cross-culturally adapted from English into Korean and then the derived instrument was tested for reliability and validity. The study population was elderly (65+ year-old) residents of Gangneung City, South Korea. Twenty two of the 222 senior day centres were randomly selected.Results: 687 people were invited and 668 participated in the study (response rate: 97.2%). The standardized Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.85. The OIDP related significantly with different subjective measures of oral and general health (p < 0.001). 62.9% of the people had oral impacts relating to one or more performances, with eating food being the most frequently affected performance (47.6%). More than 70% of people with oral impacts had up to 3 performances affected by oral health conditions.Conclusion: The Korean OIDP index showed satisfactory validity and internal consistency reliability, confirming its appropriateness for use among older Korean people. The prevalence of oral health related impacts was high. Future studies should focus on the test-retest reliability and the sensitivity to change of the Korean OIDP

The relationship between socioeconomic determinants and oral habits as risk factors for malocclusion in preschool children

In order to evaluate how socioeconomic determinants affect the prevalence of oral habits in preschool children, this cross-sectional study was developed. The survey was carried out from October, 1994 to December, 1995. A random sample of 2,139 children aged 3 to 5 years old was evaluated. The children were enrolled in private or public institutions in the Municipal District of Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil. A sub-sample of 618 children presented response to the socioeconomic questionnaire. The considered hypothesis is that socioeconomic determinants affect the psychological status of the child, and it is observed through the development of deleterious oral habits, like dummy-sucking or digit-sucking. The results were tested by bivariate analysis (chi-square test). Some social determinants, like the mother s employment and the occupation of the person who has the greater income in the household, are related to oral habits (p < 0.05), which in turn are strongly associated with malocclusion.Tendo por objetivo avaliar como determinantes socioeconômicos afetam a prevalência de hábitos bucais deletérios em pré-escolares, este estudo transversal foi desenvolvido. O inquérito epidemiológico foi realizado no período de outubro de 1994 a dezembro de 1995. A amostra probabilística foi constituída por 2.139 crianças, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 3 a 5 anos, matriculadas em instituições públicas ou privadas do município de Bauru - SP - Brasil. Uma subamostra de 618 crianças apresentou resposta ao questionário socioeconômico. A partir da hipótese que determinantes socioeconômicos afetam o estado emocional da criança e isto se manifesta através de hábitos bucais, como sucção de chupeta e sucção digital, foram realizadas análises bivariadas envolvendo as respostas ao questionário socieconômico e algumas variáveis de exposição. Alguns determinantes socioeconômicos, como o trabalho materno e ocupação da pessoa de maior renda no domicílio estão relacionados com a maior prevalência de hábitos bucais (p < 0,05), que por sua vez estão positivamente associados com a má-oclusão.Universidade de são Paulo Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru Departamento de Odontopediatria, Ortodontia e SaúdeUniversity College London Medical School Department of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM) Departamento de Medicina PreventivaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de Medicina PreventivaSciEL

Comparison of the self-administered and interviewer-administered modes of the child-OIDP

Background: The mode of questionnaire administration may affect the estimates and applicability of oral health-related quality of life indicators. The aim of this study was to compare psychometrically the self-administered Child-OIDP index with the original interviewer-administered instrument.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 144 consecutive children aged 9-16 years referred to orthodontic clinics in Bedfordshire. To compare the two administration modes of the Child-OIDP, the sample was randomly split in two groups. The two groups were analysed in terms of baseline characteristics, self-perceived measures (self-rated oral health, self-perceived need for braces, happiness with dental appearance, frequency of thinking about dental appearance), Child-OIDP performance scores and overall score and psychometric properties (criterion validity and internal reliability).Results: No significant difference between the two groups was found in relation to their sociodemographic profile and self-perceived measures. The self-and interviewer-administered Child-OIDP had identical mean scores and did not differ in recording any of the eight performances (p >= 0.206). For criterion validity, the correlation coefficients of the Child-OIDP with self-perceived measures were not different between the two modes of administration (p >= 0.118). Furthermore, the Cronbach's alpha values of the two groups were similar (p = 0.466).Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the self-administered Child-OIDP performed the same as the original interviewer-administered mode, while at the same time reducing administration burden. This provides support for the use of the self-administered Child-OIDP. Further studies should focus on a more comprehensive psychometric evaluation