168 research outputs found
The role of critical current on point contact Andreev Reflection spectrum between a normal metal and a superconductor
The point contact spectrum between a normal metal and a superconductor often
shows unexpected sharp dips in the conductance at voltage values larger than
the superconducting energy gap. These dips are not predicted in the
Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwizk (BTK) theory, commonly used to analyse these contacts.
We present here a systematic study of these dips in a variety of contacts
between different combinations of a superconductor and a normal metal. From the
correlation between the characteristics of these dips with the contact area, we
can surmise that such dips are caused by the contact not being in the ballistic
limit. An analysis of the possible errors introduced while analysing such a
spectrum with the standard BTK model is also presented.Comment: 16 pages, PS, figure include
Distribution of the superconducting gap in an YNi2B2C film studied by point contact spectroscopy
The differential resistances of point contacts between a
normal metal and a c axis oriented YNi2B2C film ( = 15.2K) in the
superconducting (SC) state have been investigated. contains clear
"gap" features connected with processes of Andreev reflection at the boundary
between normal metal and superconductor that allow the determination of the SC
gap and its temperature and magnetic field dependence. A distribution
of from 1.5 meV to 2.4 meV is
revealed; however the critical temperature in all cases corresponded to
that of the film. The value 23.66 is close to the BCS
value of 3.52, and the temperature dependence is BCS-like,
irrespective of the actual value. It is supposed that the distribution
of can be attributed to a gap anisotropy or to a multiband nature of
the SC state in YNi2B2C, rather than to the presence of nodes in the gap.Comment: 6 two-column pages, 7 figs; V2: as published, Fig.4 is modifie
High transport spin polarization in the van der Waals ferromagnet FeGeTe
The challenging task of scaling-down the size of the power saving electronic
devices can be accomplished by exploiting the spin degree of freedom of the
conduction electrons in van der Waals (vdW) spintronic architectures built with
2D materials. One of the key components of such a device is a near-room
temperature 2D ferromagnet with good metallicity that can generate a highly
spin-polarized electronic transport current. However, most of the known 2D
ferromagnets have either a very low temperature ordering, poor conductivity, or
low spin polarization. In this context, the FeGeTe (with )
family of ferromagnets stand out due to their near-room temperature
ferromagnetism and good metallicity. We have performed spin-resolved Andreev
reflection spectroscopy on FeGeTe ( 273 K) and
demonstrated that the ferromagnet is capable of generating a very high
transport spin polarization, exceeding 50. This makes FeGeTe a
strong candidate for application in all-vdW power-saving spintronic devices.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review
COVID-19 prophylactic & management studies based on Electro-Homeopathy
Electro-Homeopathy (EH) is a herbal spagyric based safe & scientific medical system. The usual homeostasis balance between blood and lymph in human body is deviated during illness. In EH, disease is cured by restoring homeostasis balance, using minute amount of specially made spagyric complex remedies. Precise dose of complex set of remedies act on vitiated blood or lymph or both to establish a balanced condition. During this process, various variants of T and B lymphocytes get stimulated by absorbing living plant energy stored in EH remedies. Hence, the harmful invaders are identified and destroyed by lymphocytes (WBC) on and around the diseased organ. Total excretory system simultaneously gets stimulated by EH remedy enabling to drive out quickly the toxic cluster of dead harmful invaders and the infected cells. This process results a complete cure. The EH remedy neither kill any virus directly nor allow virus to reside inside the body for lengthy time. The set of remedy is chosen, such that it does not allow Corona virus to cause harm, even at the cell and tissue level of respiratory, gastro intestinal and other related systems. Suitable dose of medicine applied beforehand, acts as the prophylactic remedy and prescribed medicines applied to Covid patient cures them successfully. A study using EH remedies on 2384 Covid and non Covid mixed population, was carried out during March, 2020 to July, 2021. A prolong consistent result proves that the EH remedy is irrespective of virus strains. The treatment summery has been presented here
Magnetic field dependence of superconducting energy gaps in YNi2B2C: Evidence of multiband superconductivity
We present results of in field directional point contact spectroscopy (DPCS)
study in the quaternary borocarbide superconductor YNi2B2C, which is
characterized by a highly anisotropic superconducting gap function. For I||a,
the superconducting energy gap (D), decreases linearly with magnetic field and
vanishes around 3.25T which is well below the upper critical field (Hc2~6T)
measured at the same temperature (2.2K). For I||c, on the other hand, D
decreases weakly with magnetic field but the broadening parameter (G) increases
rapidly with magnetic field with the absence of any resolvable feature above
3.5T. From an analysis of the field variation of energy gaps and the zero bias
density of states we show that the unconventional gap function observed in this
material could originate from multiband superconductivity.Comment: 19 pages including figures (final version
Effect of transport-induced charge inhomogeneity on point-contact Andreev reflection spectra at ferromagnet-superconductor interfaces
We investigate the transport properties of a ferromagnet-superconductor
interface within the framework of a modified three-dimensional
Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk formalism. In particular, we propose that charge
inhomogeneity forms via two unique transport mechanisms, namely, evanescent
Andreev reflection and evanescent quasiparticle transmission. Furthermore, we
take into account the influence of charge inhomogeneity on the interfacial
barrier potential and calculate the conductance as a function of bias voltage.
Point-contact Andreev reflection (PCAR) spectra often show dip structures,
large zero-bias conductance enhancement, and additional zero-bias conductance
peak. Our results indicate that transport-induced charge inhomogeneity could be
a source of all these anomalous characteristics of the PCAR spectra.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure
Thin Film Growth and Device Fabrication of Iron-Based Superconductors
Iron-based superconductors have received much attention as a new family of
high-temperature superconductors owing to their unique properties and distinct
differences from cuprates and conventional superconductors. This paper reviews
progress in thin film research on iron-based superconductors since their
discovery for each of five material systems with an emphasis on growth,
physical properties, device fabrication, and relevant bulk material properties.Comment: To appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jp
Evaluation of uptake and attitude to voluntary counseling and testing among health care professional students in Kilimanjaro region, Tanzania
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) is a corner stone for successful implementation of prevention, care and support services among HIV negative and positive individuals. VCT is also perceived to be an effective strategy in risk reduction among sexually active young people.. This study aimed to assess the acceptability of VCT and its actual uptake among young health care professional students at KCM College of Tumaini University and Allied health schools.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This was a cross-sectional study. A structured questionnaire was used among health care professional students aged 18–25 years who were enrolled in degrees, diplomas and certificates courses at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College and all other Allied health schools</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 309 students were recruited, among these 197 (63.8%) were females. All respondents were aware of the benefits of VCT. Only 107 (34.6%) of students have had VCT done previously. About 59 (19.1%) of the students had negative for health care professional to attend VCT. Risk perception among the students was low (37.2%) even though they were found to have higher risk behaviors that predispose them to get HIV infection.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Awareness of VCT services and willingness to test is high among students; however its uptake is low. In order to promote these services, a comprehensive training module on VCT needs to be included in their training curricula. In particular, more emphasis should focus on the benefits of VCT and to help the students to internalize the risk of HIV so that they can take preventive measures.</p
The Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 Depth-age Scale: Methods and Results
The Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) depth-age scale is presented based on a multiparameter continuous count approach, to a depth of 2800 m, using a systematic combination of parameters that have never been used to this extent before. The ice at 2800 m is dated at 110,000 years B.P. with an estimated error ranging from 1 to 10% in the top 2500 m of the core and averaging 20% between 2500 and 2800 m. Parameters used to date the core include visual stratigraphy, oxygen isotopic ratios of the ice, electrical conductivity measurements, laser-light scattering from dust, volcanic signals, and major ion chemistry. GISP2 ages for major climatic events agree with independent ages based on varve chronologies, calibrated radiocarbon dates, and other techniques within the combined uncertainties. Good agreement also is obtained with Greenland Ice Core Project ice core dates and with the SPECMAP marine timescale after correlation through the δ18O of O2. Although the core is deformed below 2800 m and the continuity of the record is unclear, we attempted to date this section of the core on the basis of the laser-light scattering of dust in the ice
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