Poboljšanje proizvodnje glukoza-oksidaze s pomoću Penicillium notatum

Glucose oxidase (GOD) is an important enzyme that finds a wide range of applications in food and pharmaceutical industry. In this investigation the feasibility of using rice polish as a substrate for the production of GOD by Penicillium notatum in submerged fermentation (SmF) has been evaluated. The intention was to enhance total GOD activity by the selection of economical substrate, microorganism and consecutive optimization of various cultural conditions. Maximum GOD activity of (112±5) U/mL was achieved under optimum growth conditions: rice polish 5 g, incubation period 72 h, buffering agent 3 % (by mass per volume), incubation temperature (30±1) °C and pH=6.0. Addition of carbon and nitrogen sources further enhanced the enzyme yield, indicating an economically attractive process for GOD production.Glukoza-oksidaza je važan enzim koji ima raznovrsnu primjenu u industriji hrane i proizvodnji lijekova. U ovome je radu ispitana primjena otpadaka dobivenih poliranjem riže kao supstrata u proizvodnji glukoza-oksidaze submerznom fermentacijom s pomoću Penicillium notatum. Svrha je rada bila poboljšati ukupnu aktivnost glukoza-oksidaze odabirom ekonomičnog supstrata i mikroorganizma te optimiranjem uvjeta uzgoja. Najveća aktivnost od (112±5) U/mL postignuta je pri optimalnim uvjetima rasta uporabom 5 g otpadaka i 3 % (m/V) puferskog sredstva tijekom 72 h pri (30±1) °C i pH=6. Dodatkom izvora ugljika i dušika još je više poboljšan prinos enzima, čime je potvrđena ekonomska opravdanost ovog procesa za proizvodnju glukoza-oksidaze

Poboljšanje proizvodnje glukoza-oksidaze s pomoću Penicillium notatum

Glucose oxidase (GOD) is an important enzyme that finds a wide range of applications in food and pharmaceutical industry. In this investigation the feasibility of using rice polish as a substrate for the production of GOD by Penicillium notatum in submerged fermentation (SmF) has been evaluated. The intention was to enhance total GOD activity by the selection of economical substrate, microorganism and consecutive optimization of various cultural conditions. Maximum GOD activity of (112±5) U/mL was achieved under optimum growth conditions: rice polish 5 g, incubation period 72 h, buffering agent 3 % (by mass per volume), incubation temperature (30±1) °C and pH=6.0. Addition of carbon and nitrogen sources further enhanced the enzyme yield, indicating an economically attractive process for GOD production.Glukoza-oksidaza je važan enzim koji ima raznovrsnu primjenu u industriji hrane i proizvodnji lijekova. U ovome je radu ispitana primjena otpadaka dobivenih poliranjem riže kao supstrata u proizvodnji glukoza-oksidaze submerznom fermentacijom s pomoću Penicillium notatum. Svrha je rada bila poboljšati ukupnu aktivnost glukoza-oksidaze odabirom ekonomičnog supstrata i mikroorganizma te optimiranjem uvjeta uzgoja. Najveća aktivnost od (112±5) U/mL postignuta je pri optimalnim uvjetima rasta uporabom 5 g otpadaka i 3 % (m/V) puferskog sredstva tijekom 72 h pri (30±1) °C i pH=6. Dodatkom izvora ugljika i dušika još je više poboljšan prinos enzima, čime je potvrđena ekonomska opravdanost ovog procesa za proizvodnju glukoza-oksidaze

Community building project among immigrants, Promoting a sense of community within Pakistani Christians in Finland

ABSTRACT Shazia Sabir Community building project among immigrants Promoting a sense of community within Pakistani Christians in Finland 40 Pages Published (September 2023) Diaconia University of Applied Sciences Bachelor of Social Services Bachelor´s Degree Programme in Social Services This thesis aims to promote the sense of community among the Pakistani Christians with a focus on the Urdu-speaking group. The objective is to organize workshops in April 2023 that will impart knowledge about taking part in cultural and religious practices. The workshops were aimed toward Pakistani Christians living in the capital area (Espoo Finland). The objective of the workshop is for the participants to develop a sense of belonging to the community in Finland. From the planning stage to the assessment stage, this project followed a procedure that seemed like a communal effort. Based on participant, worklife partner, and the facilitator's own input, the evaluation's positive findings were reached. Using assessment techniques, these outcomes were analyzed. This project has been effective in its implementation and benefits. The objectives were completed on schedule and the goal was achieved. It is a relevant project that can be used and implemented not only in the Churches but also to other multicultural service sectors. While using this project to reach out the Pakistani migrants, it can be used as a tool to help add their knowledge and awareness about practicing their culture in Finland as an immigrant. It can guide them to transfer these religious and cultural values to their children born and living in Finland. Keywords 1 Integration of immigrants and community building 2 Importance of Religious and Cultural Integration 3 Importance of maintaining identitie

Impact of Globalization on Green Growth: A Case of OECD Countries

Green growth is considered as healthy sign for any country in the world. With growing pollution and other health issues now it is considered as burning issue, either to save our natural resources or the cost should be paid in case of over or unrealistic consumption of resources. This study has been carried with real intension to investigate the role of fdi, R &D and trade openness on green economic growth of OECD countries. Developed economies are open for foreign direct investment, more liberal trade policies and ready to adopt technological innovations, all that causes to bring rapid environmental changes in these nations and continuously increasing level of heat in the atmosphere of these economies. No doubt these countries are attaining high speed of growth at high level of CO2 in the atmosphere. Therefore, this study is conducted to identify the factors that can affect green economic growth. Data is extracted from world development indicator from 1991-2018 where results depict that FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) and trade openness has significant and positive relationship with the emission of CO2 in air and has certain association with green economic growth in short run as well as in the long run. Whereas research and development cost has significant but negative relation with green growth of the OECD countries. Policy makers should work on research and development if they are more focused on green growth of the countries

A Step toward Realization of Vision 2030; Reduction in Child Mortality: New Evidence from South Asian Countries

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of economic and social factors on child mortality in South Asian countries. Economic factors consist of economic growth, private and public health expenditures while social factors are comprised of access to improved water sources, access to improved sanitation facilities, and environmental quality. This study collected the data from World Development Indicators (WDI) over the period of 1967-2016. This study utilized Johnson co-integration test to investigate the long run co-integration. The study found that long-run co-integration exits among the modeled variables. The results of long-run co-integration recommend that Auto Regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) is appropriate to examine the short-run relationship among the modeled variables. The study found that access to improve water and sanitation facilities, environmental quality, total health expenditure, and economic growth significantly and negatively affect child survival. Moreover, the study has also investigated private and public health expenditure on child mortality separately and found that the size of the impact of public health expenditure is greater than private health expenditure. This study guides the policy makers and international agencies that in order to meet the required rate of child mortality they should invest more in the health sector and should provide clean water, sanitation facilities to its residents. Moreover, the study recommends that the government should revise environmental policies to lower the child mortality rate

Climate Change, Exchange Rate, Twin Deficit, and Energy Inflation: Application of VAR Model

The motivation behind the study is continuous fluctuations in energy prices in Pakistan, so this study aims to investigate the role of a twin deficit, urbanization, climate change, energy production from oil and gas, and the exchange rate in energy inflation. This study utilized oil prices and electricity prices to capture energy inflation using time series data from 1972 to 2021, from World Development Indicators (WDI) and the Census of Electricity Establishment (CEE). This study utilized the vector auto-regressive (VAR) model to investigate the short-run and long-run estimates. This study found that the twin deficit and the exchange rate have a significant and positive association with energy inflation. However, the size impact of the twin deficit is greater on oil prices as compared to electricity prices. Furthermore, urbanization, climate change, and energy production from oil and gas have a positive and significant long-run association with electricity prices. Moreover, the results of the variance decomposition test indicate that the relative contribution of the budget deficit in electricity prices (Model 1) is greater than other modeled variables, while the relative contribution of the budget deficit and climate change is greater in oil prices (Model 2), as compared to other exogenous variables. This study helps policymakers to devise policies to control energy inflation, which affects the well-being of society

Enhanced Production of Glucose Oxidase Using Penicillium notatum and Rice Polish

Glucose oxidase (GOD) is an important enzyme that finds a wide range of applications in food and pharmaceutical industry. In this investigation the feasibility of using rice polish as a substrate for the production of GOD by Penicillium notatum in submerged fermentation (SmF) has been evaluated. The intention was to enhance total GOD activity by the selection of economical substrate, microorganism and consecutive optimization of various cultural conditions. Maximum GOD activity of (112±5) U/mL was achieved under optimum growth conditions: rice polish 5 g, incubation period 72 h, buffering agent 3 % (by mass per volume), incubation temperature (30±1) °C and pH=6.0. Addition of carbon and nitrogen sources further enhanced the enzyme yield, indicating an economically attractive process for GOD production

Green Synthesis and Biomedical Applications of ZnO Nanoparticles: Role of PEGylated-ZnO Nanoparticles as Doxorubicin Drug Carrier against MDA-MB-231(TNBC) Cells Line

The present study aimed to develop the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using the green method, with Aloe barbadensis leaf extract as a stabilizing and capping agent. In vitro antitumor cytotoxic activity, as well as the surface-functionalization of ZnO-NPs and their drug loading capacity against doxorubicin (DOX) and gemcitabine (GEM) drugs, were also studied. Morphological and structural properties of the produced ZnO-NPs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersion X-ray diffraction (EDX), UV-Vis spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared analysis (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The prepared ZnO-NPs had a hexagonal shape and average particle size of 20–40 nm, with an absorption peak at 325 nm. The weight and atomic percentages of zinc (50.58% and 28.13%) and oxygen (26.71% and 60.71%) were also determined by EDAX (energy dispersive x-ray analysis) compositional analysis. The appearance of the FTIR peak at 3420 m–1 confirmed the synthesis of ZnO-NPs. The drug loading efficiency (LE) and loading capacity (LC) of unstabilized and PEGylated ZnO-NPs were determined by doxorubicin (DOX) and gemcitabine (GEM) drugs. DOX had superior LE 65% (650 mg/g) and higher LC 32% (320 mg/g) than GEM LE 30.5% (30 mg/g) and LC 16.25% (162 mg/g) on ZnO-NPs. Similar observation was observed in the case of PEG-ZnO-NPs, where DOX had enhanced LE 68% (680 mg/g) and LC 35% (350) mg/g in contrast to GEM, which had LE and LC values of 35% (350 mg/g) and 19% (190 mg/g), respectively. Therefore, DOX was chosen to encapsulate nanoparticles, along with the untreated nanoparticles, to check their in vitro antiproliferative potential against the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line (MDA-MB-231) through the MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay. This drug delivery strategy implies that the PEGylated biogenically synthesized ZnO-NPs occupy an important position in chemotherapeutic drug loading efficiency and can improve the therapeutic techniques of triple breast cancer

LEAN MANUFACTURING AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: A CASE OF MALAYSIAN AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY: Dr. Waseem Ul Hameed, Hummaira Qudsia Yousaf, Dr. Saeed Ahmad Sabir, Shazia Kousar

Purpose: It is not necessary that massive investment in automobile industry is beneficial for all the nations. Some countries like Malaysia are facing different issues regarding Financial Performance (FP) due to the intensity of worldwide competition. To address this issue, this study is being conducting to investigate the role of lean manufacturing in the FP of Malaysian automobile industry.  Design/Methodology/Approach: This study followed quantitative research approach and survey was preferred to collect required data from managerial staff of Malaysian automobile company with the help of questionnaire. Total 500 questionnaires were used and distributed with the help of simple random sampling technique. Study utilized PLS-SEM to investigate end the impact of lean manufacturing on FP of Malaysian Automobile Industry. Findings: Results of the study revealed a strong connection between lean manufacturing and FP. Lean manufacturing has positive impact on FP of Malaysian automobile industry. Moreover, quality management is important to sustain the link between lean manufacturing and FP. Implications/Originality/Value: This study is contributed in the body of knowledge by highlighting the lean manufacturing practices to promote FP. As this study highlighted various lean manufacturing practices to enhance FP, therefore, it is significant for practitioner