A Survey on Software Testing Techniques using Genetic Algorithm

The overall aim of the software industry is to ensure delivery of high quality software to the end user. To ensure high quality software, it is required to test software. Testing ensures that software meets user specifications and requirements. However, the field of software testing has a number of underlying issues like effective generation of test cases, prioritisation of test cases etc which need to be tackled. These issues demand on effort, time and cost of the testing. Different techniques and methodologies have been proposed for taking care of these issues. Use of evolutionary algorithms for automatic test generation has been an area of interest for many researchers. Genetic Algorithm (GA) is one such form of evolutionary algorithms. In this research paper, we present a survey of GA approach for addressing the various issues encountered during software testing.Comment: 13 Page

Management of Operational Efficiency: Can Indian SMEs Afford Overseeing IT

In present era of throat-cut competitiveness, the earning and growth of Indian SMEs has been deteriorating continuously and such companies are bleeding out of financial crunch. This paper examines the influence of evaluating, implementing, and accounting for the various operational efficiencies in an organization which can bring turnarounds in improving the firm’s commercial and financial performances. Fifty companies were scanned for this study using well structured questionnaire as well personal contact program at various levels of organization. The results show that there is a significant correlation between the roles of various operational efficiencies within the organization that can prove to be a turnaround in enriching the commerce of the business entity. Type of corporate culture and organizational commitment do influence on the financial performance of Indian SMEs especially in densely populated auto component manufacturing companies. The propositions of the study have also been addressed.  Furthermore, an attempt has also been made to improve agility, visibility, and operational performance across manufacturing. This paper is unique in dealing with the ways and means for applying six-sigma, lean-manufacturing,QMS, TQM culture for assessing business efficiency especially in SMEs in Indian Auto Component manufacturing units. Keywords: SMEs, Operational Efficiency, Financial Performance, Turnaround, Lean-Manufacturing

Commerce of Waste Elimination: A Buffer for Indian Sme’S

Waste elimination has benefited many industries in realising wealth creation by plugging undesired costs in operation and manufacturing excellence. Under the scenario of global competitiveness and dictative customer centric markets Indian SME’s which are backbone to Indian GDP, especially, automobile industries are striving hard for survival. These industries are slow in adopting and practising performance and efficiency based derives. In this context, waste elimination derives related to man, material, machine and method have been studied for  providing a competitive advantage and adding  fuel in enriching the bottomline of Indian SME’s.Fifty companies were surveyed by questionnaire and personal contact. Main findings of this article comprises of highlighting the present status of understanding the essence of subject matter, assessing the inadequacy of initiative taken by various companies and evaluating the hurdles in implementing waste management.Furthermore, findings lead to conclusion that imbueding the culture of waste elimination as a building block, organisations not only create revenue but also create value for the customers and end-users. It has been suggested that involvement of top management to push waste elimination derives at multi-levels in organisation will act as a catalyst in recuperating competitiveness and pulling off substantial wealth creation. Use of Information technology will excel the speed of such derives. Keywords : Waste Elimination; SME’s; Bottom-line; Operations; competitivenes

Distribution of factor XIIIa containing cells and collage nous components in radicular cysts: histochemical and immunohistochemical study

Objective: 1) To differentiate various connective tissue layers in radicular cysts 2) To find the correlation between FXIIIa containing cells and fibrosis. Factor XIII, fibrin stabilizing factor, stabilizes the clot for blood coagulation and is also responsible for connective tissue organization in healing and tissue repair. FXIIIa has an important role during the process of fibrosis in various lesions, so we conducted a study to find its role in radicular cyst. Study Design: 10 cases of radicular cyst, reported in our hospital were selected. Clinical and follow up data of those cases were collected from the archives. Material and Methods: Histochemical analysis with Masson’s trichrome was done to differentiate the three layers of radicular cyst. Immunocytochemical staining for distribution of factor XIIIa was carried out. Stained slides were examined under high power. After counting cell, data was analysed statistically. Results: Positive reaction for Factor XIIIa was observed in certain connective tissue cells in all the layers of radicular cysts. FXIIIa containing cells were numerous in intermediate layer as compared to outer fibrous layer. FXIIIa containing cells and fibrosis was increased in case of radiographically well circumscribed lesion than the diffuse lesion. It can be concluded that factor XIIIa containing cells and collagenous components in radicular cyst play an important role in fibrosis and is also correlated with healing of the lesion

Role Portrayal of Women in Advertising: An Empirical Study

One of the sensitive areas in the world of advertising and marketing is the portrayal of women. Women are an indispensable part of Indian society as they constitute half of the population and play critical roles. However, the depiction of women as sex symbols, objects of desire, and as having subservient behaviours has presented a great concern to feminist scholars, activists, and researchers. The objective of this research paper is to study how women’s role portrayal impacts consumers’ willingness to buy and to identify the difference in views of Indian men and women when it comes to the stereotypical role portrayal of women in advertisements. The study uses MANOVA statistics to identify whether significant differences exist between the men and women when it comes to willingness to buy. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis are used to identify the latent variables. The impact on purchase intent is determined by validating the proposed hypotheses through structural equational modelling statistics

THE AMAZING PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF HARIDRA- A SHORT REVIEW

Curcuma longa L. is commonly called as Haldi, it is frequently used as spice in our kitchen. In India, turmeric is used in almost all curries and gravy dishes. It gives a rich colour and a unique flavour to the food. Women in India use turmeric in skin products such as creams and body scrubs to boost the glow factor. It has many therapeutic properties like Hepato-protective, Gastro-protective, Anti-cancerous, Anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and skin glow enhancing etc. The wide range of turmeric health benefits come mainly from its main ingredient, curcumin. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a polyphenol responsible for the yellow colour of turmeric. In vitro, curcumin exhibits anti-parasitic, anti spasmodic, anti-inflammatory and gastrointestinal effects, and also inhibits carcinogenesis and cancer growth. In vivo, there are experiments showing the anti-parasitic, anti-inflammatory potency of curcumin and extracts of Curcuma longa L. by parenteral and oral application in animal models. This widely researched component of turmeric is highly therapeutic and is used in various drugs and pharmaceutics. This article briefly reviews the pharmacological and various therapeutic aspect of turmeric

Fetishizing Women: Advertising in Indian Television and its Effects on Target Audiences

Advertising today has become the major driving force behind the various definitions of beauty. It is not “size-zero” models who are responsible for one version of female beauty, but models with skimpy clothes, fair skin, and bare midriffs who assume influential paradigmatic roles in society. Such practices become problematic for India as the standard of beauty appropriated by the media is highly westernized. With this background, the purpose of this study is to explore young girls’ perceptions of media pressure through the portrayal of ultra-thin beautiful models in Indian TV advertisements; and to discover the factors responsible for the internalization of media images by the women and girls. The article reports on a survey of 150 college women, sought for their perceptions of media pressure. This is followed by a theoretical discussion and content analysis of some of the prime time Indian TV advertisements. The analysis was based on the frequency of occurrence of those comprising certain ideals of female beauty. A majority of the respondents agreed that advertisements mostly portrayed young and beautiful models, and respondents felt pressurize by such models to look beautiful and maintain a perfect body shape, influencing their eating patterns and sometimes leading to low self-esteem. The authors hope to educate the advertising industry about the impact of their imagery on women’s self-integrity and to encourage women to think critically about how they internalize such images

A TOXICOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RESIDUES OF PESTICIDE ON LADY FINGER (ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS) BEFORE AND AFTER DHAVAN BY HARIDRA-JAL

The concentration of various pesticide were well below the established tolerances but continuous consumption of such vegetables even with moderate contamination level can accumulate in the receptors body and may prove fatal for human population in the long-term. Along with the green revolution uses of pesticides including profenofos is increased and increasing day by day. The pesticide residue including profenofos in all edible things including okra is crossing the maximum permissible limit and arising a big long term hazards in human beings due to inorganic agriculture. Okra is sprayed with a number of pesticides for greater yield, ripening or storage. Commonly used methods for cleaning this vegetable are washing with tap water, warm water, or salt water. In Ayurveda some Vishaghna dravya are mentioned. So, the study was planned to observe whether the toxic residues are nullified or reduced in the solution of the Vishaghna dravyas. The drug Haridra selected for this analytical study of pesticide residue is one of important drug mention in Ayurveda. Aacharya Charak has included 10 herbs in Vishaghna Mahakashaya including Haridra. So it was taken as a Dhavan dravya