Stress among Isfahan medical sciences students

Background: This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of psychological stress among Isfahan medical sciences students. Methods: Cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey was carried out among the 387 medical sciences students (medicine, pharmacy, and dentistry) of Isfahan, Iran through census. In academic year 2010-2011, Kessler-10 questionnaire was given to the students a month before semester examinations. Scores �20 were considered as indicative of positive stress symptoms. Results: The overall prevalence of stress among medical sciences students was found to be about 76.1%. The prevalence of stress among medicine students was 22.7% mild, 23% moderate and 21.4% severe while 32.8% showed no stress. The prevalence of stress among pharmacy students was 22.22%, 22.22%, 26.19%, and 29.36% mild, moderate, and severe and no stress, respectively. The prevalence of stress among dentistry students was 25% mild, 27% moderate, and 10% severe while 37.5% showed no stress. The prevalence of stress was higher (70.6%) in pharmacy students when compared with medicine (66.1%) and dentistry (62.5%) students. The odds of student having stress is higher in dentistry students (OR: 1.44, P= 0.33), where as the odds are decreasing in pharmacy student (OR: 1.16, P= 0.66). There is no statistically significant association between gender, ages, and term and having stress symptoms. Conclusions: The high level of stress necessitates interventions like social and psychological support to improve the student's well-being. A prospective study is needed to study the association of psychological morbidity with sources of stress and coping strategies

The effect of individual counseling, line follow-up, and free nicotine replacement therapy on smoking cessation in the samples of Iranian smokers: Examination of transtheoretical model

Background: According to transtheoretical model(TTM), Stage matched interventions are more effective in quitting. The objective of current study was to investigate the effect of individual counseling, line follow-up, and free nicotine replacement therapy(NRT) on smoking cessation in smokers who are in preparation stage of smoking. Materials and Methods: In a randomized clinical trial design, through sending the short message system, potential participants in preparation stage of smoking were recruited and divided into control(n=60)and treatment(n=50) groups. The treatment group received an in-person counseling, line follow-up, and free NRT. TTM variables trend; pros and cons of smoking, behavioral and experiential processes, temptation, were assessed at baseline, 3 and 6months follow-up along with point prevalence and continuous abstinence. Results: Continuous abstinence at 6-month follow-up were 3.3%(n=2) in control group and 46%(n=23) in the treatment group(x 2 = 34.041, P < 0.001). Time � group analyses indicated that except cons of smoking (P > 0.05), all TTM constructs had significantly changed; temptation(F=36.864, P<0.001), pros (F=12.172, P<0.001), experiential processes(F=3.377, P<0.001), and behavioral processes(F=11.131, P<0.001). Conclusion: Interventions based on TTM variables increased the quite rate in prepared and motivated people. Our findings suggest that interventions through individual counseling along with free NRT and line follow-up in people who prepare for quitting are beneficial for our country

Effect of educational intervention on perceived susceptibility self-efficacy and DMFT of pregnant women

Background: The World Health Organization identifies oral health as a necessity for public health through the entirety of life. This issue has been considerably addressed due to susceptibility to tooth decay during pregnancy and maternal and fetal health. Objectives: Investigate the effect of educational intervention on perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, and DMFT of pregnant women. Patients and Methods: A quasi-experimental survey (pretest, posttest, and control group) was implemented in 88 primiparous women in the first trimester of pregnancy who attended private clinics in Delfan city, Iran. It was conducted using random sampling and then assigned to intervention and control groups. Data were collected using a questionnaire that included demographic characteristics, a DMFT checklist, and some health belief model (HBM) constructs. After collecting baseline information, an educational intervention consisting of 4 training sessions for the intervention group was scheduled. In the sessions, lecture, focus-group discussion, video, and role-playing were used as the main educational strategies. Four months after the intervention, a post-test questionnaire and DMFT checklist were conducted. Data were analyzed using SPSS (ver20) software and Chi-square, independent t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA at the significant level of α 0.05), during the intervention, or after intervention. Repeated measure ANOVA explained that the aforementioned score was different in the three cases (pretest, 2 months after intervention, and 4 months after intervention) after intervention (P< 0.05). Paired t-test also showed that the DMFT mean increased 4 months after intervention in the control group (P < 0.001). It was not, however, augmented in the intervention group (P = 0.92). Conclusions: Results showed that education on some of the HBM constructs resulted in increased knowledge of oral health, perceived susceptibility, and self-efficacy of pregnant women. It is also possible to prevent increased DMFT during pregnancy. © 2016, Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal

Glassy carbon electrode modified by Poly (m-aminobenzoic acid) /nano SiO2 film and electrical and electrochemical properties

Poly(m-aminobenzoic acid) (m-ABA) film is deposited on glassy-carbon electrode (GCE) by electropolymerization in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solutions (PBS). The electrochemical behavior of polymer film obtained is characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies. In the present study, the effect of the scan rate on the current peak is investigated in the range of 50-200 mV/sec and, it is observed that the anodic and cathodic peak all increased with the solution pH until it reached 8 and then decreased until 11. In addition, a new electrode is developing by electrodeposition of SiO2 nanoparticles on glassy-carbon electrode. The electrochemical behavior of polymer at the nanoparticles SiO2/GCE is investigated. Electrical properties as a function of frequency and temperature have also indicated a great interaction between epoxy matrix and different poly (m-aminobenzoic acid) / SiO2 by physical mixing procedure

Glassy carbon electrode modified by Poly (m-aminobenzoic acid) /nano SiO2 film and electrical and electrochemical properties

Poly(m-aminobenzoic acid) (m-ABA) film is deposited on glassy-carbon electrode (GCE) by electropolymerization in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solutions (PBS). The electrochemical behavior of polymer film obtained is characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies. In the present study, the effect of the scan rate on the current peak is investigated in the range of 50-200 mV/sec and, it is observed that the anodic and cathodic peak all increased with the solution pH until it reached 8 and then decreased until 11. In addition, a new electrode is developing by electrodeposition of SiO2 nanoparticles on glassy-carbon electrode. The electrochemical behavior of polymer at the nanoparticles SiO2/GCE is investigated. Electrical properties as a function of frequency and temperature have also indicated a great interaction between epoxy matrix and different poly (m-aminobenzoic acid) / SiO2 by physical mixing procedure