46 research outputs found
Model and Integrate Medical Resource Available Times and Relationships in Verifiably Correct Executable Medical Best Practice Guideline Models (Extended Version)
Improving patient care safety is an ultimate objective for medical
cyber-physical systems. A recent study shows that the patients' death rate is
significantly reduced by computerizing medical best practice guidelines. Recent
data also show that some morbidity and mortality in emergency care are directly
caused by delayed or interrupted treatment due to lack of medical resources.
However, medical guidelines usually do not provide guidance on medical resource
demands and how to manage potential unexpected delays in resource availability.
If medical resources are temporarily unavailable, safety properties in existing
executable medical guideline models may fail which may cause increased risk to
patients under care. The paper presents a separately model and jointly verify
(SMJV) architecture to separately model medical resource available times and
relationships and jointly verify safety properties of existing medical best
practice guideline models with resource models being integrated in. The SMJV
architecture allows medical staff to effectively manage medical resource
demands and unexpected resource availability delays during emergency care. The
separated modeling approach also allows different domain professionals to make
independent model modifications, facilitates the management of frequent
resource availability changes, and enables resource statechart reuse in
multiple medical guideline models. A simplified stroke scenario is used as a
case study to investigate the effectiveness and validity of the SMJV
architecture. The case study indicates that the SMJV architecture is able to
identify unsafe properties caused by unexpected resource delays.Comment: full version, 12 page
Compact Supercell Method Based on Opposite Parity for Bragg Fibers
The supercell- based orthonormal basis method is proposed to investigate the modal properties of the Bragg fibers. A square lattice is constructed by the whole Bragg fiber which is considered a supercell, and the periodical dielectric structure of the square lattice is decomposed using periodic functions (cosine). The modal electric field is expanded as the sum of the orthonormal set of Hermite-Gaussian basis functions based on the opposite parity of the transverse electric field. The propagation characteristics of Bragg fibers can be obtained after recasting the wave equation into an eigenvalue system. This method is implemented with very high efficiency and accuracy
On-line real-time service allocation and scheduling for distributed data centers
Abstract-With the prosperity of Cluster Computing, Cloud Computing, Grid Computing, and other distributed high performance computing systems, Internet service requests become more and more diverse. The large variety of services plus different Quality of Service (QoS) considerations make it challenging to design effective allocate and scheduling algorithms to satisfy the overall service requirements, especially for distributed systems. In addition, energy consumption issue attracts more and more concerns. In this paper, we study a new energy efficient, profit and penalty aware allocation and scheduling approach for distributed data centers in a multi-electricity-market environment. Our approach efficiently manages computing resources to minimize the processing and transferring energy dollar cost in an electricity price varying environment. Our extensive experimental results show the new approach can significantly cut down the energy consumption dollar cost and achieve higher system's retained profit
Enhancing Throughput of Hadoop Distributed File System for Interaction-Intensive Tasks
Abstract-The performance of the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS)decreases dramatically when handling interactionintensive files, i.e., files that have relatively small size but are accessed frequently. The paper analyzes the cause of throughput degradation issue when accessing interaction-intensive files and presents an enhanced HDFS architecture along with an associated storage allocation algorithm that overcomes the performance degradation problem. Experiments have shown that with the proposed architecture together with the associated storage allocation algorithm, the HDFS throughput for interaction-intensive files increase 300% in average with only a negligible performance decrease for large data set tasks
Comparing Three Coordination Models: Reo, ARC, and RRD
Abstract Three models of coordination-Reo, Actors-Roles-Coordinators (ARC), and Reflective Russian Dolls (RRD)-are compared and contrasted according to a set of coordination features. Mappings between their semantic models are defined. Use of the models is illustrated by a small case study
A framework for constructing adaptive and reconfigurable systems
This paper presents a software approach to augmenting existing real-time systems with self-adaptation capabilities. In this approach, based on the control loop paradigm commonly used in industrial control, self-adaptation is decomposed into observing system events, inferring necessary changes based on a system's functional model, and activating appropriate adaptation procedures. The solution adopts an architectural decomposition that emphasizes independence and separation of concerns. It encapsulates observation, modeling and correction into separate modules to allow for easier customization of the adaptive behavior and flexibility in selecting implementation technologies
A Concept Latticebased Event Model for Cyber-Physical Systems
ABSTRACT Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) involve communication, computation, sensing, and actuating through heterogeneous and widely distributed physical devices and computational components. The close interactions of these systems with the physical world places events as the major building blocks for the realization of CPS. More specifically, the system components and design principles should be revisited with a strictly event-based approach. In this paper, a concept lattice-based event model for CPS is introduced. Under this model, a CPS event is uniformly represented by three components: event type, its internal attributes, and its external attributes. The internal and external attributes together characterize the type, spatiotemporal properties of the event as well as the components that observe it. A set of event composition rules are defined where the CPS event composition is based on a CPS concept lattice. The resulting event model can be used both as an offline analysis tool as well as a run-time implementation model due to its distributed nature. A real-life smart home example is used to illustrate the proposed event model. To this end, a CPS event simulator is implemented to evaluate the developed event model and compare with the existing Java implementation of the smart home application. The comparison result shows that the event model provides several advantages in terms of flexibility, QoS support, and complexity. The proposed event model lay the foundations of event-based system design in CPS
Modelling and Simulation of Asynchronous Real-Time Systems using Timed Rebeca
In this paper we propose an extension of the Rebeca language that can be used
to model distributed and asynchronous systems with timing constraints. We
provide the formal semantics of the language using Structural Operational
Semantics, and show its expressiveness by means of examples. We developed a
tool for automated translation from timed Rebeca to the Erlang language, which
provides a first implementation of timed Rebeca. We can use the tool to set the
parameters of timed Rebeca models, which represent the environment and
component variables, and use McErlang to run multiple simulations for different
settings. Timed Rebeca restricts the modeller to a pure asynchronous
actor-based paradigm, where the structure of the model represents the service
oriented architecture, while the computational model matches the network
infrastructure. Simulation is shown to be an effective analysis support,
specially where model checking faces almost immediate state explosion in an
asynchronous setting.Comment: In Proceedings FOCLASA 2011, arXiv:1107.584