İZLEYİCİNİN NABZINI TUTMAK: BÜYÜK VERİ, TAVSİYE ALGORİTMALARI VE NETFLIX

ÖZET Büyük veri (big data), yirmi birinci yüzyılın en önemli fenomenlerinden biridir. Büyük verinin ortaya çıkışı, eğitimden siyasete, sağlıktan pazarlamaya kadar yaşamın her alanını dönüştürmektedir. Endüstri 4.0 devrimi ile birlikte verinin hızı, çeşitliliği ve hacmi de giderek artmaktadır. “İnsan merkezli” bir dünyadan “veri merkezli” bir dünyaya geçiş, devasa boyutlardaki verinin nasıl yönetileceği sorununu gündeme getirmekte ve işletmelerin karar alma süreçlerini etkilemektedir. Büyük veriyi doğru yöntemlerle analiz eden markalar bulundukları sektörde lider konumuna yükselmektedir. Netflix, bunun en çarpıcı örneklerinden biridir. 1997 yılında bir DVD pazarlama şirketi olarak ticari hayatına başlayan Netflix, 2007 yılından itibaren müşterilerinin film izleme deneyimini internet ortamına taşımıştır. Netflix, büyük veriyi verimli bir biçimde kullanarak kısa bir sürede dünyanın sayılı görsel içerik dağıtıcısı ve film yapımcılarından biri hâline gelmiştir. DVD kiralama ve satış pazarının devi Blockbuster’ı piyasadan silmiş; HBO ve Disney’in en güçlü rakibi olmuştur. İzleyicilerin yalnızca kimlik bilgilerini değil, duygu ve deneyimlerini de veriye dönüştüren Netflix, nicelleştirme önyargısını aşarak etkili tavsiye algoritmaları geliştirmektedir. Bu sayede üyelerine cazip gelecek film önerileri sunarak müşteri memnuniyetini en üst düzeye taşımaktadır. Netflix, dijitalleşmeyle uyumlu iş modeli, programatik pazarlama stratejisi ve yarattığı kişiselleştirilmiş içerikle izleyicinin nabzını tutmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Netflix örnek olayı aracılığıyla büyük veriyi ancak içgörüyle analiz edebilen şirketlerin ayakta kalabileceğini göstermektir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Büyük veri, Endüstri 4.0, Netflix, tavsiye algoritmaları.ABSTRACTBig data is one of the most important phenomena of the twenty-first century. The emergence of big data transforms every aspect of life, from education to politics, from health to marketing. The speed, variety and volume of data is increasing with the Industry 4.0 revolution. The transition from a “human-centered” world to a “data-centered” world raises the issue of how to manage huge amounts of data and affects the decision-making processes of enterprises. Brands that analyze big data with the right methods become the leader in their sector. Netflix is one of the most striking examples of this reality. Netflix that started its commercial life as a DVD marketing company in 1997 has brought film-watching experience of its customers to the internet since 2007. Netflix has quickly become one of the world's leading visual content distributors and filmmakers by using big data efficiently. It deleted Blockbuster the giant of DVD rental and sales market from the market and became HBO and Disney’s strongest rival. Netflix, which transforms not only the identity of the viewers but also their emotions and experiences into data, develops effective recommendation algorithms by overcoming the prejudice of quantization. In this way, it raises customer satisfaction to the highest level by offering attractive film proposals to its members.Netflix takes the pulse of viewers with its digitalization-compatible business model, programmatic marketing strategy and personalized content. The aim of this study is to show that only companies that can analyze big data with insightful can survive through Netflix case study. Keywords: Big data, Industry 4.0, Netflix, recommendation algorithms

İZLEYİCİNİN NABZINI TUTMAK: BÜYÜK VERİ, TAVSİYE ALGORİTMALARI VE NETFLIX

ÖZET Büyük veri (big data), yirmi birinci yüzyılın en önemli fenomenlerinden biridir. Büyük verinin ortaya çıkışı, eğitimden siyasete, sağlıktan pazarlamaya kadar yaşamın her alanını dönüştürmektedir. Endüstri 4.0 devrimi ile birlikte verinin hızı, çeşitliliği ve hacmi de giderek artmaktadır. “İnsan merkezli” bir dünyadan “veri merkezli” bir dünyaya geçiş, devasa boyutlardaki verinin nasıl yönetileceği sorununu gündeme getirmekte ve işletmelerin karar alma süreçlerini etkilemektedir. Büyük veriyi doğru yöntemlerle analiz eden markalar bulundukları sektörde lider konumuna yükselmektedir. Netflix, bunun en çarpıcı örneklerinden biridir. 1997 yılında bir DVD pazarlama şirketi olarak ticari hayatına başlayan Netflix, 2007 yılından itibaren müşterilerinin film izleme deneyimini internet ortamına taşımıştır. Netflix, büyük veriyi verimli bir biçimde kullanarak kısa bir sürede dünyanın sayılı görsel içerik dağıtıcısı ve film yapımcılarından biri hâline gelmiştir. DVD kiralama ve satış pazarının devi Blockbuster’ı piyasadan silmiş; HBO ve Disney’in en güçlü rakibi olmuştur. İzleyicilerin yalnızca kimlik bilgilerini değil, duygu ve deneyimlerini de veriye dönüştüren Netflix, nicelleştirme önyargısını aşarak etkili tavsiye algoritmaları geliştirmektedir. Bu sayede üyelerine cazip gelecek film önerileri sunarak müşteri memnuniyetini en üst düzeye taşımaktadır. Netflix, dijitalleşmeyle uyumlu iş modeli, programatik pazarlama stratejisi ve yarattığı kişiselleştirilmiş içerikle izleyicinin nabzını tutmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Netflix örnek olayı aracılığıyla büyük veriyi ancak içgörüyle analiz edebilen şirketlerin ayakta kalabileceğini göstermektir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Büyük veri, Endüstri 4.0, Netflix, tavsiye algoritmaları.ABSTRACTBig data is one of the most important phenomena of the twenty-first century. The emergence of big data transforms every aspect of life, from education to politics, from health to marketing. The speed, variety and volume of data is increasing with the Industry 4.0 revolution. The transition from a “human-centered” world to a “data-centered” world raises the issue of how to manage huge amounts of data and affects the decision-making processes of enterprises. Brands that analyze big data with the right methods become the leader in their sector. Netflix is one of the most striking examples of this reality. Netflix that started its commercial life as a DVD marketing company in 1997 has brought film-watching experience of its customers to the internet since 2007. Netflix has quickly become one of the world's leading visual content distributors and filmmakers by using big data efficiently. It deleted Blockbuster the giant of DVD rental and sales market from the market and became HBO and Disney’s strongest rival. Netflix, which transforms not only the identity of the viewers but also their emotions and experiences into data, develops effective recommendation algorithms by overcoming the prejudice of quantization. In this way, it raises customer satisfaction to the highest level by offering attractive film proposals to its members.Netflix takes the pulse of viewers with its digitalization-compatible business model, programmatic marketing strategy and personalized content. The aim of this study is to show that only companies that can analyze big data with insightful can survive through Netflix case study. Keywords: Big data, Industry 4.0, Netflix, recommendation algorithms

TARİHSEL SÜREÇ İÇERİSİNDE ÇALIŞMA VE GİG EKONOMİSİ

ÖZ: Teknolojik gelişmeler ve dijitalleşme ile insan yaşamı pek çok açıdan sürekli değişime uğramaktadır. Bu değişimlerden biri de çalışma yaşamında meydana gelmiştir. Artan internet erişimi ve sosyal medya kullanımıyla geleneksel iş ve çalışma anlayışında büyük değişimler yaşanmaktadır. Uzun süreli iş anlayışı yerini kısa süreli işlere bırakmaktadır. Günümüzde, pek çok insan internet üzerinden veya başka bir aracı ile daimî olmayan işlerde çalışmaktadır. Artık işe ihtiyacı olan ile iş talep edenler çok hızlı bir şekilde çeşitli platformlar aracılığı ile bir araya gelebilmekte ve bahse konu olan iş çok daha kısa sürede tamamlanmaktadır. Gig ekonomisi, bu süreçte tek seferlik veya geçici işlerde çalışanların her geçen gün artmasıyla ortaya çıkan yeni çalışma biçimini tanımlamak için kullanılabilecek kavramlardan yalnızca biridir. Gig ekonomisi bir işveren için çalışmaktan ziyade, her biri ayrı ücret alan, geçici işleri olan veya ayrı işler yapan kişilere dayalı bir çalışma sistemi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu yönüyle gig ekonomisi, son yıllarda giderek artan şekilde araştırmalara konu olmakta ve ekonominin göz ardı edilemeyecek bir parçası haline gelmektedir. Yaşanan gelişmelerin çalışma hayatında da değişim yaratması aslında eskiden beri var olan bir durumdur. Kısa süreli, tek seferlik veya sözleşmeye dayalı çalışma yeni oluşan bir çalışma biçimi değildir, ekonominin birçok sektöründe her zaman var olmuştur. Fakat söz konusu çalışma biçimi günümüz teknolojisi ile bir dönüşüm geçirmekte ve bu dönüşüm gig ekonomisinin yaygınlaşması ile sonuçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, çalışmanın değişimini tarihsel bir süreç içerisinde ele almak, gig ekonomisini analiz etmek ve yerli literatüre katkı sağlamaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada geçmişten günümüze çalışmanın dönüşümü değerlendirilmekte, gig ekonomisinin kapsamı, yükselişi, avantaj ve dezavantajları incelenmekte ve gig ekonomisi işleyişine yer verilmektedir. ABSTRACT: With technological developments and digitalization, human life is constantly changing in many ways. One of these changes has occurred in working life. With the increasing internet access and the use of social media, there are great changes in the traditional business and working understanding. Long-term business understanding leaves its place for short-term jobs. Today, many people work in non-permanent jobs online or through any other medium. Now, those who need a job and those who demand a job can come together very quickly through various platforms, and the job in question is completed in a much shorter time. The gig is just one of the concepts that can be used to describe the new way of working that has emerged with the increase of one-time or temporary jobs in this. The gig economy is defined as a working system based on people who each receive separate wages, have temporary jobs, or do separate jobs, rather than working for an employer. In this respect, the gig economy has been increasingly the subject of research in recent years and has become an indispensable part of the economy. In fact, it is a situation that has existed for a long time that the developments experienced also create a change in the working life. Short-term, one-time, or contract-based work is not a new form of work, it has always existed in many sectors of the economy. However, this way of working is undergoing a transformation with today's technology, and this transformation results in the spread of the gig economy. The aim of this study is to deal with the change of the study in a historical process, to analyze the gig economy comprehensively, and to contribute to the domestic literature. For this purpose, the transformation of the work from the past to the present is evaluated, the scope, rise, advantages and disadvantages of the gig economy are examined and the functioning of the gig economy is included

Utilization of Colemanite waste in Concrete Design

Waste material is formed in enormous quantities during the beneficiation of raw ore. These wastes can cause both economic loss and environmental pollution. Thus, in this study, the effect of CW obtained from Eti Mine Establishments Kütahya-Emet Boron Plants on the compressive strength and cylinder splitting tensile strength of concrete and its USAbility as a concrete admixture is investigated. The results found show that utilization of Colemanite Waste is possible when it is used as additive in concrete

Correlations between autonomic dysfunction and circadian changes and arrhythmia prevalence in women with fibromyalgia syndrome

WOS: 000265395700007PubMed: 19357052Objective: It is known that increased sympathetic activity and decreased parasympathetic activity are present in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). This study aims to investigate the correlations of autonomic dysfunction and differences in autonomic circadian activity with arrhythmia prevalence in women with FMS. Methods: Fifty female patients with FMS and 30 healthy female controls were included in this cross-sectional, case-controlled study. A 12-lead electrocardiogram and 24-hour Holter monitoring were performed in all patients to evaluate arrhythmias and autonomic function tests. Heart rate variability (HRV) parameters were utilized to detect autonomic dysfunction in patients with FMS. HRV measurements were performed in total 24-hour, day time (06:00-22:59), night time (23:00-05:59) periods and during autonomic tests (stand - supine, inspiration-expiration and Valsalva tests) using 24-hour Holter monitoring recordings. Student t-test, Mann-Whitney U and Pearson Chi-square tests were used for comparisons of the data between groups. The correlation of data was tested by using Spearman correlation analysis. Results: The mean ages of the patient and control groups were 38 +/- 7.4 and 36 +/- 8.1 years, respectively. In HRV measurements, high frequency (HF) power, was significantly decreased in the patient group as compared with control group (167.4 msec(2) (107.0-312.0) vs.314.5 msec(2) (124.0-905.0), p=0.017). The low frequency/HF ratio (LF/HF) values for total 24 hours (2.22 +/- 0.18 vs. 1.22 +/- 0.12, p<0.001) and in the night time period (2.78 +/- 1.97 vs.1.15 +/- 0.77, p<0.001) were found to be significantly higher in the patient group than in control one. The ratio of LF/HFDay/LF/HFNight was markedly higher in the control group (2.67 (1.22-5.65) vs. 1.45 (0.83-2.05), p=0.004). The prevalence (p=0.028) and total number (127.1 +/- 21.4 vs. 187.3 +/- 62.3, p=0.019) of supraventricular extrasystoles in 24-hour period was higher in the patient group. Conclusion: The sympathetic activity was significantly increased and parasympathetic activity significantly decreased in FMS patients. Additionally, significant autonomic circadian activity changes were also detected in these patients. These autonomic changes might be linked to increased arrhythmia prevalence. (Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2009, 9: 110-7

TRAIL and DcR1 Expressions Are Differentially Regulated in the Pancreatic Islets of STZ- versus CY-Applied NOD Mice

TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is an important component of the immune system. Although it is well acknowledged that it also has an important role in Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) development, this presumed role has not yet been clearly revealed. Streptozotocin (STZ) and Cyclophosphamide (CY) are frequently used agents for establishment or acceleration of T1D disease in experimental models, including the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Although such disease models are very suitable for diabetes research, different expression patterns for various T1D-related molecules may be expected, depending on the action mechanism of the applied agent. We accelerated diabetes in female NOD mice using STZ or CY and analyzed the expression profiles of TRAIL ligand and receptors throughout disease development. TRAIL ligand expression followed a completely different pattern in STZ- versus CY-accelerated disease, displaying a prominent increase in the former, while appearing at reduced levels in the latter. Decoy receptor 1 (DcR1) expression also increased significantly in the pancreatic islets in STZ-induced disease. Specific increases observed in TRAIL ligand and DcR1 expressions may be part of a defensive strategy of the beta islets against the infiltrating leukocytes, while the immune-suppressive agent CY may partly hold down this defense, contributing further to diabetes development

Catheter-Related Bacteremia in a Hemodialysis Unit: Cronobacter Sakazakii

WOS: 000433118700001In this study, a case of catheter-related bacteremia caused by Cronobacter sakazakii, which was successfully treated with antibiotic therapy, was presented. Since 1989, cases of contamination of powder infant formula caused by C. sakazakii have been reported. However, adult infections related to C. sakazakii are exceedingly rare. A 61-year-old male patient was in dialysis treatment with chronic renal failure and blood cultures were taken from peripheral veins and catheter because of fever. At the same time, moxifloxacin (400 mg/day iv) and ampicillin-sulbactam (1 g/day iv) were started as empirical therapy. One bacterium was detected on blood cultures obtained from peripheral veins and catheters and this bacterium was identified as C. sakazakii by the VITEK 2 Compact automated system. The species identification of the isolated strain was confirmed by 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The treatment of the patient, who was thought to represent a case of catheter-related bacteremia, was continued and the catheter was not removed since subsequent cultures did not reveal any bacterial growth. To our knowledge, the presented case is the first bacteremia related to C. sakazakii from Turkey. As a result, C. sakazakii is an infection agent that we have recently encountered and may pose a threat to public health

Electrogastrography in Patients with Diabetic Gastroparesis

Electrogastrography (EGG) is an experimental non-invasive method that reflects the myoelectrical activity of the diabetic gastroparesis (D-GP) and healthy subjects gastric system. In clinical world, endoscopy and delayed gastric emptying diagnosis test are using for understand the D-GP patient's condition which are invasive, quite expensive and uncomfortable. Therefore our aim is to evaluate the Electrogastrography (EGG) features to discriminate the healthy subjects from patients with D-GP in real clinic. Total 25 patients D-GP and twenty 25 healthy subjects (HS) were included in this study. The recordings EGG parameters dominant frequency (DF) were analyzed and compared. The results we obtained from analysis of EGG signals proved that pre-fed (p= 0.048) and post-fed (p= 0.003) DF values were statistically significant between the D GP and HS groups. This study proved that it is possible to distinguish D-GP patients from healthy subject's with a high accuracy and a great success from the EGG signals recording correctly in real clinic

Analysis of the quadratus lumborum muscle activity on leg length discrepancy: A randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Quadratus lumborum (QL) discrete region extensions might change depending on whether leg length discrepancy (LLD) individually has any extra erector spinae action in the lumbar spine, which can result in serious injury to the lower extremities and lumbar vertebrae

Electrolyte loaded hexagonal boron nitride/polyacrylonitrile nanofibers for lithium ion battery application

In the present work, Novel hBN/polyacrylonitrile composite nanofibers were produced via electrospinning approach and loaded with electrolyte for rechargeable lithium-ion battery applications. The electrospun nanofibers comprising various hBN contents were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The influence of hBN/PAN ratios onto the properties of the porous composite system, such as fiber diameter, porosity and the liquid electrolyte uptake capability were systematically studied. Ionic conductivities and electrochemical characterizations were evaluated after loading electrospun hBN/PAN composite nanofiber with liquid electrolyte, i.e., 1 M lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) in ethylene carbonate (EC)/ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) (1:1 vol). The electrolyte loaded nanofiber has a highest ionic conductivity of 10(-3) S cm(-1) at room temperature. According to cyclic voltammetry (CV) results it exhibited a high electrochemical stability window up to 4.7 V versus Li+/Li. Li//10 wt% hBN/PAN//LiCO2 cell was produced which delivered high discharge capacity of 144 mAhg(-1) and capacity retention of 92.4%. Considering high safety and low cost properties of the resulting hBN/PAN fiber electrolytes, these materials can be suggested as potential separator materials for lithium ion batteries