SIZE MODIFICATION AND COATING OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE USING A PREMIXED HYDROGEN/AIR FLAME

A study was conducted of the effect of flame processing on the size distribution of titania nanoparticles, and a flame process was developed for producing TiO2/SiO2 coreshell particles from aqueous suspensions of TiO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles. Both were performed using a premixed hydrogen/air flame. At the adiabatic flame temperature of 2400 K, the number mean diameter of titania primary particle increased considerably from an initial value of 44 nm to 96 nm, presumably by atomic diffusion, and viscous flow coalescence. Moreover, the majority of product particles from this high flame temperature were smooth and spherical. Based on the results of size modification experiments, coating experiments were performed. The dominant morphology observed in the product particles from coating experiments was silica coated titania. The silica coating was very smooth and dense. The total particle size and the shell volume of the product particles were in reasonable agreement with values predicted from the atomized droplet size distribution and the droplet concentration

DramaQA: Character-Centered Video Story Understanding with Hierarchical QA

Despite recent progress on computer vision and natural language processing, developing video understanding intelligence is still hard to achieve due to the intrinsic difficulty of story in video. Moreover, there is not a theoretical metric for evaluating the degree of video understanding. In this paper, we propose a novel video question answering (Video QA) task, DramaQA, for a comprehensive understanding of the video story. The DramaQA focused on two perspectives: 1) hierarchical QAs as an evaluation metric based on the cognitive developmental stages of human intelligence. 2) character-centered video annotations to model local coherence of the story. Our dataset is built upon the TV drama "Another Miss Oh" and it contains 16,191 QA pairs from 23,928 various length video clips, with each QA pair belonging to one of four difficulty levels. We provide 217,308 annotated images with rich character-centered annotations, including visual bounding boxes, behaviors, and emotions of main characters, and coreference resolved scripts. Additionally, we provide analyses of the dataset as well as Dual Matching Multistream model which effectively learns character-centered representations of video to answer questions about the video. We are planning to release our dataset and model publicly for research purposes and expect that our work will provide a new perspective on video story understanding research.Comment: 21 pages, 10 figures, submitted to ECCV 202

Discovery and Genetic Characterization of Novel Paramyxoviruses Related to the Genus Henipavirus in Crocidura Species in the Republic of Korea

Paramyxoviruses, negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, pose a critical threat to human public health. Currently, 78 species, 17 genera, and 4 subfamilies of paramyxoviruses are harbored by multiple natural reservoirs, including rodents, bats, birds, reptiles, and fish. Henipaviruses are critical zoonotic pathogens that cause severe acute respiratory distress and neurological diseases in humans. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, 115 Crocidura species individuals were examined for the prevalence of paramyxovirus infections. Paramyxovirus RNA was observed in 26 (22.6%) shrews collected at five trapping sites, Republic of Korea. Herein, we report two genetically distinct novel paramyxoviruses (genus: Henipavirus): Gamak virus (GAKV) and Daeryong virus (DARV) isolated from C. lasiura and C. shantungensis, respectively. Two GAKVs and one DARV were nearly completely sequenced using next-generation sequencing. GAKV and DARV contain six genes (30 -N-P-M-F-G-L-50 ) with genome sizes of 18,460 nucleotides and 19,471 nucleotides, respectively. The phylogenetic inference demonstrated that GAKV and DARV form independent genetic lineages of Henipavirus in Crocidura species. GAKV-infected human lung epithelial cells elicited the induction of type I/III interferons, interferon-stimulated genes, and proinflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, this study contributes further understandings of the molecular prevalence, genetic characteristics and diversity, and zoonotic potential of novel paramyxoviruses in shrews

Comprehensive Pan-Genomic Characterization of Adrenocortical Carcinoma

SummaryWe describe a comprehensive genomic characterization of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). Using this dataset, we expand the catalogue of known ACC driver genes to include PRKAR1A, RPL22, TERF2, CCNE1, and NF1. Genome wide DNA copy-number analysis revealed frequent occurrence of massive DNA loss followed by whole-genome doubling (WGD), which was associated with aggressive clinical course, suggesting WGD is a hallmark of disease progression. Corroborating this hypothesis were increased TERT expression, decreased telomere length, and activation of cell-cycle programs. Integrated subtype analysis identified three ACC subtypes with distinct clinical outcome and molecular alterations which could be captured by a 68-CpG probe DNA-methylation signature, proposing a strategy for clinical stratification of patients based on molecular markers

MARKOV CHAIN MONTE CARLO AND EXACT CONDITIONAL TESTS WITH THREE-WAY CONTINGENCY TABLES

We propose an algorithm modifying a popular exact conditional test involving the goodness-of-fit of contingency tables. This study focuses on improving the efficiency of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) when sampling three-way contingency tables--defined as log-linear models with three discrete random categorical variables consisting of finite levels--under the no-three-way interaction model. Standard to MCMC, we approximate the null distribution by sampling tables from the conditional distribution. However, our proposal involves expanding the conditional state space to include tables with cell count values of -1. We apply the proposed methodology, described in full detail, to randomly generated sparse and non-sparse data sets. Our results show that traditional asymptotic methods on sparse contingency tables yield inaccurate results. We also prove mathematically that a Markov chain with our proposed method is connected (i.e., ergodic) on the conditional state space for 3x3xK, with K >= 3. The output from applying the proposed methodology provides conclusive evidence that the distribution of the test statistics for sparse data sets does not resemble the asymptotic distribution.http://archive.org/details/markovchainmonte1094559705Captain, United States Marine CorpsApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited

Fundamental Discrepancy of Chemical Reactivity of Tricalcium Oxy Silicate (alite), Dicalcium Silicate (Belite), and Their Polymorphs: A Density Functional Theory Study

Tricalcium oxy silicate (C3S) and dicalcium silicate (C2S) are the major constituents of cement. In this study, the reactivity of polymorphs of calcium silicates is quantitatively investigated using Density Functional Theory. The result of combining the DFT calculation and the Bader charge analysis elucidates that the main difference in reactivity between C3S and C2S is the presence of oxy ions in C3S which has smaller partial charge compared to that of other oxygen in the crystals. For the C3S, the reactivity of among different C3S polymorphs is decisively affected by the Bader charge of oxy ions. In contrast, total internal energy of C2S determines the quantitative chemical reactivity of C2S polymorphs. This result suggests that oxy ion has more dominant impact on the thermodynamic stability of calcium silicates. Furthermore, total energy can be used to estimate the chemical reactivity of calcium silicates, where there is no oxy ion exists.N

Transient Impact Analysis of High Renewable Energy Sources Penetration According to the Future Korean Power Grid Scenario

Efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions constitute a worldwide trend. According to this trend, there are many plans in place for the replacement of conventional electric power plants operating using fossil fuels with renewable energy sources (RESs). Owing to current needs to expand the RES penetration in accordance to a new National power system plan, the importance of RESs is increasing. The RES penetration imposes various impacts on the power system, including transient stability. Furthermore, the fact that they are distributed at multiple locations in the power system is also a factor which makes the transient impact analysis of RESs difficult. In this study, the transient impacts attributed to the penetration of RESs are analyzed and compared with the conventional Korean electric power system. To confirm the impact of the penetration of RESs on transient stability, the effect was analyzed based on a single machine equivalent (SIME) configuration. Simulations were conducted in accordance to the Korean power system by considering the anticipated RES penetration in 2030. The impact of RES on transient stability was provided by a change in CCT by increasing of the RES penetration