Active control of suddenly expanded flow

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation carried out to control the base pressure in a suddenly expanded axi-symmetric passage. An active control in the form of microjets was employed to control the base pressure. Microjets at four locations in a pitch circle diameter at the base was used as the active control. The jet Mach numbers at the entry to the sudden expansion was varied from 1.25 to 3.0. The area ratio of the present study is 3.24. The enlarged duct length-to-diameter ratio was varied from 10 to 1. The nozzle generating the above jet Mach numbers were operated with nozzle pressure ratio (NPR) in the range from 3 to 11. The wall pressure distribution in the enlarged duct was also measured to account for the effect of the active control on the enlarged duct pressure field. It is found that the microjets act as an effective control for controlling the base pressure field. A maximum of 35 percent increase in base pressure was achieved for certain combination of parameters

'Cradle to grave' financial literacy programs and money management

The objective of this paper is to develop an integrated conceptual model, termed as the “cradle to grave model” that forms the link between the roles of educational agents, socialisation agents and the media with financial literacy and its eventual impact on money management. The paper also proposes the moderating effects of money attitude between financial literacy and money management for future empirical research. The researchers deliberated on a rigorous literature to conceptualise the model. It is envisioned that the paper will assist individual citizens and the policy makers in understanding the use of educational institutions, society and media to intellectualize financial literacy in achieving money management. The proposed conceptual model by the researchers should not be generalized until further empirical testing. Auxiliary research is desired to empirically validate the concept through systematic investigations and devising of appropriate tools for quantification. The idea is original and makes the foundational contribution for an inaugural stream of financial literacy and money management research