2 research outputs found

    Translation to Portuguese and validation of the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS)

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    Introdução: A distonia cervical (DC) é a distonia focal mais comum no mundo, cujas manifestações clínicas e consequências vão muito além dos movimentos involuntários cervicais. A doença causa significativo impacto sobre a vida profissional e social dos indivíduos acometidos, com acentuado comprometimento da qualidade de vida, além de dor cervical. Uma avaliação clínica completa é necessária para um manejo adequado desta enfermidade. Não há, no Brasil, escala validada que permita uma avaliação holística dos pacientes portadores de DC. A escala Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) é um instrumento de avaliação conhecido em todo o mundo, tendo sido utilizado em inúmeros estudos de avaliação de DC, e sua validação é o objetivo deste estudo. Casuística e métodos: A adaptação transcultural foi realizada segundo critérios já publicados. Após o pré-teste com 30 pacientes, observou-se que a escala era de difícil entendimento para pessoas com escolaridade abaixo de 8 anos, e a escala foi novamente submetida a um processo de adaptação, com modificações sugeridas por juízes, produzindo a escala adaptada. A validação do instrumento seguiu orientações padrão: comparação com instrumento de medida de qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-Bref); realização de teste-reteste por meio de três avaliações separadas entre si por 2 semanas; cálculo do alfa de Cronbach para os itens da escala; medida do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse e intervalo de confiança de 95%; e cálculo dos gráficos de concordância/dispersão de BlandAltman. Resultados: A escala final foi de fácil entendimento por pessoas de todos os níveis educacionais. A consistência interna foi boa a excelente (0,599 para o domínio Intensidade, 0,860 para o domínio Incapacidade, e 0,878 para o domínio Dor). Houve boa correlação com a escala padrão e concordância entre examinadores. A confiabilidade e reprodutibilidade da escala, conforme cálculo do ICC e IC95%, alcançaram níveis aceitáveis. Os gráficos de Bland-Altman produziram dados dispersos de forma aleatória, sugerindo ausência de tendência nas avaliações. Conclusão: A versão em Português da TWSTRS é válida para a avaliação de pacientes brasileiros portadores de DC possui boa consistência interna e apresenta boa reprodutibilidade entre examinadoresBackground: Cervical dystonia (CD) is the most common focal dystonia, its clinical picture and outcome going far beyond the involuntary muscle contractions. This illness has a significant impact over the social and professional lives of affected individuals, leading to severe compromise of quality of life (QoL), and cervical pain. A complete clinical assessment is of utmost importance to an adequate management of this disease. There is no validated clinical tool in Brazil devised to a holistic evaluation of CD patients. The Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) is a world famous scale used in several studies of CD evaluation, and its validation is the objective of this study. Patients and methods: The transcultural adaptation was performed according to published criteria. After the initial pre-test with 30 patients, it was observed that patients with schooling under 8 years could not understand the whole scale, and the tool underwent a new adaptation process after modifications suggested by the judges, producing the adapted scale. The validation followed standard methods: comparison with a QoL instrument (WHOQOL-Bref); test-retest with three examinations 2-weeks apart from each other; Cronbach\'s ? calculation of the items of the scale; intraclass correlation coefficient (CCI) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) determination; and production of the Bland-Altman graphs. Results: The final version of the scale was easy to understand by all patients examined. The internal consistency was good to excellent (0.599 for domain Intensity, 0.860 for the domain Disability, and 0.878 for domain Pain). There was a good correlation between the adapted scale and the QoL instrument and good concordance between examiners. The reliability and reproducibility according to CCI and 95% CI reached acceptable values. The Bland-Altman graphs displayed randomly dispersed data, suggesting no tendency in the evaluations. Conclusions: The Portuguese version of the TWSTRS is valid for evaluation of Brazilian CD patients, has good internal consistency, and is reproducible between examiner

    Physical therapy program for cervical dystonia:a study of 20 cases

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    Botulinum toxin (BTX) is the best therapeutic option inpatients with cervical dystonia (CD), but physical ther-apy (PT) can be added to the treatment to achieve bet-ter results. Forty of our 70 patients with CD were en-rolled in a controlled open study. Subjects were divid-ed into two groups: G1 (intervention group comprisingpatients receiving BTX and PT) and G2 (control groupcomprising patients receiving BTX only). Both groupswere assessed using the Toronto Western SpasmodicTorticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) and the 36-ItemShort-Form Health Survey (SF-36). On the TWSTRS,significant improvements in disease severity were seenin G1 and G2 but significant improvements on the painand disability subscales were seen only in G1 patients.There was a significant difference only on the pain sub-scale between G2 and G1 following treatment. Ananalysis of the physical aspects of SF-36 showed sig-nificant improvement in G1 on three subscales. An in-tergroup difference was also seen on two subscales.Regarding emotional aspects, G1 showed a significantimprovement on three subscales. A significant differ-ence on two subscales was also seen between G2 andG1 following treatment. BTX plus PT treatmentachieved symptom relief in patients with CD and im-proved their quality of life
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