SNPs associated with plasma glucose in children using mixed-effects regression.

<p>SNPs associated with plasma glucose in children using mixed-effects regression.</p

Phenotype characteristics at baseline of the participants involved in the present study.

<p>Phenotype characteristics at baseline of the participants involved in the present study.</p

Risk Alleles in/near <i>ADCY5</i>, <i>ADRA2A</i>, <i>CDKAL1</i>, <i>CDKN2A/B</i>, <i>GRB10</i>, and <i>TCF7L2</i> Elevate Plasma Glucose Levels at Birth and in Early Childhood: Results from the FAMILY Study

<div><p>Background</p><p>Metabolic abnormalities that lead to type 2 diabetes mellitus begin in early childhood.</p><p>Objectives</p><p>We investigate whether common genetic variants identified in adults have an effect on glucose in early life.</p><p>Methods</p><p>610 newborns, 463 mothers, and 366 fathers were included in the present study. Plasma glucose and anthropometric characteristics were collected at birth, 3, and 5 years. After quality assessment, 37 SNPs, which have demonstrated an association with fasting plasma glucose at the genome-wide threshold in adults, were studied. Quantitative trait disequilibrium tests and mixed-effects regressions were conducted to estimate an effect of the SNPs on glucose.</p><p>Results</p><p>Risk alleles for 6 loci increased glucose levels from birth to 5 years of age (<i>ADCY5</i>, <i>ADRA2A</i>, <i>CDKAL1</i>, <i>CDKN2A/B</i>, <i>GRB10</i>, and <i>TCF7L2</i>, 4.85x10^-3 ≤ <i>P</i> ≤ 4.60x10^-2). Together, these 6 SNPs increase glucose by 0.05 mmol/L for each risk allele in a genotype score (<i>P</i> = 6.33x10^-5). None of the associations described in the present study have been reported previously in early childhood.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Our data support the notion that a subset of loci contributing to plasma glucose variation in adults has an effect at birth and in early life.</p></div