Modeling of optimization of the enterprise profit

Досліджено теоретичні засади моделювання та розкрито основні поняття цього процесу. Розглянуті базові типи моделей. Зроблена класифікація основних економіко-математичних моделей і методів. Наведені етапи процесу побудови моделей. Проаналізовані моделі і методи оптимізації прибутку підприємства для різноманітних потреб користувачів у системі управління.Theoretical principles of modeling are researched and the basic concepts of this process are revealed. The basic types of models are considered. The classification of the basic economicmathematical models and methods is done. The stages of the model construction process are presented. The models and methods of optimization of the enterprise profit for various needs of users in the control system are analyzed

Design study of an air-Cherenkov telescope for harsh environments with efficient air-shower detection at 100 TeV

Telescopes, designed with semi-conductor based photo sensors, have the potential to detect Cherenkov or fluorescence light emitted by cosmic-rays in the atmosphere. Such telescopes promise a high duty cycle and efficiency in remote harsh environments. Given the relatively low costs and robustness of these instruments, this technology could prove interesting especially if deployed in large numbers with existing and future extended cosmic-ray and gamma ray detectors, including the Pierre Auger observatory, HAWC, IceCube and CTA. They may have the potential to enhance the sensitivity of these instruments for the detection of high-energy gamma rays and cosmic-ray air showers. In addition, for neutrino telescopes such a technology could prove to be an efficient cosmic-ray veto on the surface. In this contribution the current motivation, design, and development of a prototype SiPM based air Cherenkov telescope is described. The results of initial sensitivity studies, and the readiness of the system for first tests, including those proposed for the South Pole are shown

Sachbericht 2024 ControlExpert GmbH

Jährlich werden Milliarden von Dokumenten, wie beispielsweise bei der Schadensregulierung in Versicherungen, noch immer aufwendig per Hand bearbeitet. Bisher ließen sich diese Dokumente aufgrund ihrer vielfältigen Layouts und variierenden Scan-Qualitäten nur eingeschränkt mit herkömmlichen Methoden zur Texterkennung und -interpretation verarbeiten. Die aufkommenden KI-basierten Technologien zur Dokumentenerkennung eröffnen nun die Möglichkeit zur automatisierten Verarbeitung. Der Einsatz dieser Technologien scheitert bei kleineren Organisationen wie KMUs jedoch oft daran, dass für das Training der KI-Modelle umfangreiche Datenmengen erforderlich sind. Eine gemeinschaftliche Entwicklung der Modelle durch mehrere Unternehmen gestaltet sich schwierig, da dies die Datensouveränität der Beteiligten beeinträchtigen könnte. Zudem mangelt es vielen Organisationen an dem erforderlichen Know-how, um KI-Modelle selbstständig zu trainieren und zu implementieren. Vor diesem Hintergrund hat FedXtract eine Plattform geschaffen, die es KMUs ermöglicht, ohne tiefgreifendes KI-Wissen ein föderiertes Training von KI-Modellen durchzuführen, bei dem die Datenhoheit gewahrt bleibt. Diese Lösung nutzt das Konzept des Föderierten Lernens (FL), um eine branchenübergreifende, kontinuierliche Verbesserung eines globalen KI-Modells durch mehrere verteilten Nutzer zu ermöglichen. Dabei werden lediglich die inkrementellen Verbesserungen der Modelle ausgetauscht, sodass die sensiblen Daten lokal gesichert bleiben. Anschließend kann jeder Nutzer ein benutzerspezifisches KI-Modell entwickeln, indem er das globale Modell mittels Transfer Learning (TL) für seine spezifischen Anforderungen optimiert

ResBuilder: Automated Learning of Depth with Residual Structures

In this work, we develop a neural architecture search algorithm, termed Resbuilder, that develops ResNet architectures from scratch that achieve high accuracy at moderate computational cost. It can also be used to modify existing architectures and has the capability to remove and insert ResNet blocks, in this way searching for suitable architectures in the space of ResNet architectures. In our experiments on different image classification datasets, Resbuilder achieves close to state-of-the-art performance while saving computational cost compared to off-the-shelf ResNets. Noteworthy, we once tune the parameters on CIFAR10 which yields a suitable default choice for all other datasets. We demonstrate that this property generalizes even to industrial applications by applying our method with default parameters on a proprietary fraud detection dataset

Search for a diffuse flux of astrophysical muon neutrinos with the IceCube 59-string configuration

A search for high-energy neutrinos was performed using data collected by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory from May 2009 to May 2010, when the array was running in its 59-string configuration. The data sample was optimized to contain muon neutrino induced events with a background contamination of atmospheric muons of less than 1%. These data, which are dominated by atmospheric neutrinos, are analyzed with a global likelihood fit to search for possible contributions of prompt atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos, neither of which have yet been identified. Such signals are expected to follow a harder energy spectrum than conventional atmospheric neutrinos. In addition, the zenith angle distribution differs for astrophysical and atmospheric signals. A global fit of the reconstructed energies and directions of observed events is performed, including possible neutrino flux contributions for an astrophysical signal and atmospheric backgrounds as well as systematic uncertainties of the experiment and theoretical predictions. The best fit yields an astrophysical signal flux for nu(mu) + (nu) over bar (mu) of E-2. Phi(E) = 0.25 x 10(-8) GeV cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1), and a zero prompt component. Although the sensitivity of this analysis for astrophysical neutrinos surpasses the Waxman and Bahcall upper bound, the experimental limit at 90% confidence level is a factor of 1.5 above at a flux of E-2 . Phi(E) = 1.44 x 10(-8) GeV cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1)

International Consensus Based Review and Recommendations for Minimum Reporting Standards in Research on Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (Version 2020)

Given its non-invasive nature, there is increasing interest in the use of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) across basic, translational and clinical research. Contemporaneously, tVNS can be achieved by stimulating either the auricular branch or the cervical bundle of the vagus nerve, referred to as transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation(VNS) and transcutaneous cervical VNS, respectively. In order to advance the field in a systematic manner, studies using these technologies need to adequately report sufficient methodological detail to enable comparison of results between studies, replication of studies, as well as enhancing study participant safety. We systematically reviewed the existing tVNS literature to evaluate current reporting practices. Based on this review, and consensus among participating authors, we propose a set of minimal reporting items to guide future tVNS studies. The suggested items address specific technical aspects of the device and stimulation parameters. We also cover general recommendations including inclusion and exclusion criteria for participants, outcome parameters and the detailed reporting of side effects. Furthermore, we review strategies used to identify the optimal stimulation parameters for a given research setting and summarize ongoing developments in animal research with potential implications for the application of tVNS in humans. Finally, we discuss the potential of tVNS in future research as well as the associated challenges across several disciplines in research and clinical practice

PINGU: a vision for neutrino and particle physics at the South Pole

The Precision IceCube Next Generation Upgrade (PINGU) is a proposed lowenergy in-fill extension to the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. With detection technology modeled closely on the successful IceCube example, PINGU will provide a 6 Mton effective mass for neutrino detection with an energy threshold of a few GeV. With an unprecedented sample of over 60 000 atmospheric neutrinos per year in this energy range, PINGU will make highly competitive measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters in an energy range over an order of magnitude higher than long-baseline neutrino beam experiments. PINGU will measure the mixing parameters Θ23 and Δm232, including the octant of Θ23 for a wide range of values, and determine the neutrino mass ordering at 3σ median significance within five years of operation. PINGU's high precision measurement of the rate of nt appearance will provide essential tests of the unitarity of the 3 ×3 PMNS neutrino mixing matrix. PINGU will also improve the sensitivity of searches for low mass dark matter in the Sun, use neutrino tomography to directly probe the composition of the Earth's core, and improve IceCube's sensitivity to neutrinos from Galactic supernovae. Reoptimization of the PINGU design has permitted substantial reduction in both cost and logistical requirements while delivering performance nearly identical to configurations previously studied

Simulation of SVPWM Based Multivariable Control Method for a DFIG Wind Energy System

This paper deals with a variable speed device toproduce electrical energy on a power network based on adoubly-fed induction machine used in generating mode(DFIG) in wind energy system by using SVPWM powertransfer matrix. This paper presents a modeling and controlapproach which uses instantaneous real and reactive powerinstead of dq components of currents in a vector controlscheme. The main features of the proposed model comparedto conventional models in the dq frame of reference arerobustness and simplicity of realization. The sequential loopclosing technique is adopted to design a multivariable controlsystem including six compensators for a DFIG wind energysystem to capture the maximum wind power and to inject therequired reactive power to the generator. In this paperSVPWM method is used for better controlling of converters.It also provides fault ride through method to protect theconverter during a fault. The time-domain simulation of thestudy system is presented by using MATLAB Simulink to testthe system robustness, to validate the proposed model and toshow the enhanced tracking capability

Discovery and characterization of a diffuse astrophysical muon neutrino flux with the iceCube neutrino observatory

The IceCube Collaboration has previously discovered a flux of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos whose measurement is based on events with interaction vertices contained within the IceCube detector. This thesis presents a complementary measurement of such a flux based on charged-current muon neutrino events whose interaction vertices can be outside the detector volume. Due to the large range of the induced muon the effective area is significantly larger but the field of view is restricted to the Northern Hemisphere. In this thesis IceCube data from 2009 through 2015 have been analyzed using a likelihood approach based on the reconstructed muon energy and zenith angle. The analyzed data consist of about $350,000$ muon neutrinos with a negligible background of atmospheric muons where the majority of these events are atmospheric neutrinos. The here presented analysis improves the statistics compared to previous analyses by almost an order of magnitude. At the highest neutrino energies between 194 TeV and 7.8 PeV a significant astrophysical muon neutrino flux has been measured. While the data is incompatible with a purely atmospheric neutrino flux at 5.6 sigma significance, the data are well described by an isotropic, unbroken power-law flux with a normalization at 100 TeV neutrino energy of (0.90 +0.30-0.27) ∙ 10-18 GeV-1 cm-2 s-1 sr-1 and a hard spectral index of 2.13 +/- 0.13. The corresponding energy spectrum is harder compared to previous IceCube analyses with lower energy thresholds which may indicate a break in the astrophysical neutrino spectrum of unknown origin. The highest energy event observed has a reconstructed muon energy of (4.5+/-1.2) PeV which results in a median muon neutrino energy of 8.7 PeV based on the best-fit neutrino energy spectrum. The probability of this event being of atmospheric origin has been estimated to be less than 0.005%, strongly suggesting an astrophysical origin of this neutrino. The arrival directions of this event and all other events with reconstructed muon energies above 200 TeV have been analyzed, but no correlation with known gamma-ray sources was found. Besides the measurement of the astrophysical neutrino flux, the high statistics of atmospheric neutrinos enable to constrain the flux of prompt atmospheric neutrinos originating from heavy meson decays. Since no indications for such a signal was found, the corresponding flux needs to be below 1.06 in units of the flux normalization of the model in Enberg et al