Neonatal brain infections

Infections of the brain in the neonatal period differ considerably from infections in the older child, due to a variety of age-specific factors that are related not only to the child, but also to the mother, and to specific pathogenic organisms. It has been recognized that clinical and neurological signs are often non-specific, sometimes scarce, and seldom correlate with the extent of neuroimaging findings, thus warranting early imaging to ensure timely therapy and improved outcom

Maturation of the limbic system revealed by MR FLAIR imaging

Background: Cortical signal intensity (SI) of the limbic system in adults is known to be higher than in neocortical structures, but time-related changes in SI during childhood have not been described. Objective: To detect maturation-related SI changes within the limbic system using a fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MR sequence. Materials and methods: Twenty children (10 boys, 10 girls; age 3.5-18years, mean 11.2years) with no neurological abnormality and normal MR imaging examination were retrospectively selected. On two coronal FLAIR slices, ten regions of interest (ROI) with a constant area of 10mm2 were manually placed in the archeocortex (hippocampus), periarcheocortex (parahippocampal gyrus, subcallosal area, cingulate gyrus) and in the neocortex at the level of the superior frontal gyrus on both sides. Results: Significant SI gradients were observed with a higher intensity in the archeocortex, intermediate intensity in the periarcheocortex and low intensity in the neocortex. Significant higher SI values in hippocampal and parahippocampal structures were detected in children up to 10years of age. Conclusion: These differences mainly reflected differences in cortical structure and myelination state. Archeocortical structures especially showed significant age-related intensity progression suggesting ongoing organization and/or myelination until early adolescenc

Decomposition de Km+Kn en cycles hamiltoniens

AbstractLet Km be the complete graph of order m. We prove that the cartesian sum Km+Kn can be decomposed into 12(m+n−2) hamiltonian cycles if m+n is even and into 12(m+n−3) hamiltonian cycles and a perfect matching if m+n is odd

Derivation of BGK models for mixtures

International audienceThis paper is devoted to the construction of a BGK operator for gas mixtures. The construction is based as in ([12], [13]) on the introduction of relaxation coefficients and a principle of minimization of the entropy under constraints of moments. These free parameters are com pared with the free parameters introduced in the Thermodynamics of Irr eversible Processes approach of the Navier-Stokes system. At the end t he BGK model is proved to satisfy Fick and Newton law

MECHANIZED CULTURAL REASONING AS A TOOL TO ASSESS TRUST IN VIRTUAL ENTERPRISES

International audienceThe globalized knowledge society generates virtual enterprises that are usually set up and managed on the web, and the new trend is to make the relevant technologies avail- able on intelligent portable devices. The existence of trust is a mandatory condition to make such enterprises successful. Trust has many facets ranging from very theoretical ones to fully heuristic features. One point is that trust can arise when one understands better the behavior of partners. In this paper we outline a new technology leading to the possibility to include inter-cultural issues among the factors having a strong impact on trust. This technology is called Abstraction-Based Information Technology. Its goal is to enable to design tools in articial intelligence to perform so-called cultural reasoning that ensures better trust among inter-cultural communities.We outline how Abstraction- Based Information Technology becomes feasible when working with virtual knowledge communities. An argument in favor of our approach is that it relies on a bottom-up ap- proach, particularly suitable for the web technology and for intelligent wearable devices. The solution of intercultural troubles then amounts to solve knowledge con icts among virtual knowledge communities

Régime pauvre en hydrates de carbone et douleurs articulaires: quel rapport? [Low-carb diet and joint pain: how are they related?]

We report the case of a 69-year-old male who presented with acute bilateral ankle pain treated as acute gouty arthritis but resistant to colchicine and NSAIDs. In view of very high inflammatory parameters, septic arthritis was initially suspected but ruled out by joint aspiration; the final diagnosis was gouty arthritis. He finally responded well to a short course of oral prednisone. We found this case interesting in view of the initial differential diagnosis and association with a low-carb diet, known to be associated with many metabolic complications among which gout is frequent. [Authors]]]> Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted ; Arthritis, Gouty fre oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_F31B6FE6921F 2022-05-07T01:30:01Z openaire documents urnserval <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_F31B6FE6921F The 1925 Opium Purchasing Campaign in Laos: The Anatomy of a Colonial Scandal Rapin, A.-J. info:eu-repo/semantics/other misc 2014 <![CDATA[Opium purchasing campaigns, initiated in 1915, were abruptly interrupted ten years later following the discovery that the Douanes &amp; Régies of the General Government of Indochina had been victim of a gigantic fraud. Various inquiries expedited with a view to establishing responsibility for the fiasco, involving purchases made at Luang Prabang in 1925, highlight the dysfunctions affecting the colonial civil service. The 1925 scandal revealed not only the difficulties encountered by the French in their attempts to control the drug trade, but also the prevailing circumstantial inefficiency of the colonial bureaucracy

An Outbreak of Nontoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae Infection: Single Bacterial Clone Causing Invasive Infection Among Swiss Drug Users

From 1990 to 1996, a total of 65 patients from whom Corynebacterium diphtheriae had been isolated were reported to the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health. A retrospective review of medical and microbiological records as well as results of ribotyping of available isolates was performed. Twenty-seven patients had acquired their infection without evidence of use of illicit drugs, mostly as a skin infection imported from subtropical areas (20 patients); 38 isolations were associated with intravenous drug use (IVDU) (skin, 15; respiratory tract, 10; blood, 13). Endocarditis was documented in nine patients with bloodstream infection, four of whom died. There were two additional deaths due to overwhelming sepsis. The same ribotype of nontoxigenic C. diphtheriae was found in 31 of the 32 examined isolates associated with IVDU. All non-IVDU isolates had different ribotypes. Among Swiss drug users, a single clone of nontoxigenic C. diphtheriae was found over a period of several years with a high potential to cause severe invasive infectio

Parasitoses digestives chez le jeune enfant en milieu extra-hospitalier tropical

Une étude copro-parasitologique est effectuée, dans un village du Sud-Togo, chez des enfants de 6 mois à 3 ans faisant l'objet d'un suivi nutritionnel. Ce travail montre que 42,5 % des enfants sont porteurs de parasites et 12,1 % polyparasités. Les parasites les plus fréquents sont : Giardia (21 %), Ankylostome (13 %) et Ascaris (12,5 %). Le parasitisme et le polyparasitisme s'observent respectivement à partir de 9 mois et 18 mois et leurs fréquences augmentent avec l'âge. En revanche, la fréquence des selles diarrhéiques décroît avec l'âge et aucun parasite ne semble directement et exclusivement à l'origine de ces diarrhées. La répartition des parasites et des selles diarrhéiques est indépendante du sexe. Aucune relation n'a été mise en évidence entre l'état nutritionnel et la fréquence des parasites et des selles diarrhéiques. Après traitement, les taux de réinfestation sont élevés pour Ankylostome (65 %), Tricocéphale (50 %) et Giardia (34,2 %). (Résumé d'auteur

Search for Bs0sB^{0}_{s}s oscillations using inclusive lepton events

A new search for Bs oscillations is performed in a sample of semileptonic b-hadron decays collected by the ALEPH experiment during 1991-1995. Compared to previous inclusive lepton analyses, the proper time resolution and mistag are significantly improved. In addition sub-samples of the data are assigned an enriched or depleted Bs fraction. Maximum likelihood fits are performed to derive a preliminary lower limit of Dms > 10.2 ps-1 at 95L. Combining with the ALEPH Ds based analyses yields Dms>10.4 ps-1 at 95L