7,918 research outputs found
Integrating hot and cool intelligences: Thinking Broadly about Broad Abilities
Although results from factor-analytic studies of the broad, second-stratum abilities of human intelligence have been fairly consistent for decades, the list of broad abilities is far from complete, much less understood. We propose criteria by which the list of broad abilities could be amended and envision alternatives for how our understanding of the hot intelligences (abilities involving emotionally-salient information) and cool intelligences (abilities involving perceptual processing and logical reasoning) might be integrated into a coherent theoretical framework
Exploring intercultural wonderment as a mediator for global perspective development in engineering students
The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediatory role intercultural wonderment plays in global learning during engineering students\u27 international experiences. Engberg and colleagues have posited a connection between the programmatic components of an international experience (i.e., study abroad) and global learning, with international wonderment serving as a conduit for that connection. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected under an NSF multi-institutional grant that focused on identifying ways global preparedness can be developed in and out of formal curricula. Data included semi-structured, student interviews, student background data, and global perspective scores as measured by the Global Perspective Inventory (GPI). The GPI is a 35 item, Likert-scale instrument that measures global and holistic student learning though their perceptions and experiences. The thesis is broken down into three main areas of study that analyzes the relationships between: 1) the type of international experience and intercultural wonderment facilitation; 2) intercultural wonderment and global learning; and 3) how intercultural wonderment acts as the mediating factor between the type of international experience and global learning. The study resulted in an assessment and identification the opportunities for fostering intercultural wonderment and global learning within study abroad and recreational international experiences. The study found that opportunities for fostering intercultural wonderment in all areas exists between both types of international experiences. The study also found that there is recognized value that can come from recreational experiences. Finally, the study reaffirms the value of study abroad programs which is critical as effort is continued to be directed towards building these experiences for undergraduate engineering students. Qualitative data from the interviews were used to support how intercultural wonderment was fostered across various experience types and how critical it can be in the development of global learning and perspectives of engineering student populations
Average-passage simulation of counter-rotating propfan propulsion systems as applied to cruise missiles
Counter-rotating propfan (CRP) propulsion technologies are currently being evaluated as cruise missile propulsion systems. The aerodynamic integration concerns associated with this application are being addressed through the computational modeling of the missile body-propfan flowfield interactions. The work described in this paper consists of a detailed analysis of the aerodynamic interactions between the control surfaces and the propfan blades through the solution of the average-passage equation system. Two baseline configurations were studied, the control fins mounted forward of the counter-rotating propeller and the control fins mounted aft of the counter-rotating propeller. In both cases, control fin-propfan separation distance and control fin deflection angle were varied
Report by the ESA-ESO Working Group on Fundamental Cosmology
ESO and ESA agreed to establish a number of Working Groups to explore
possible synergies between these two major European astronomical institutions.
This Working Group's mandate was to concentrate on fundamental questions in
cosmology, and the scope for tackling these in Europe over the next ~15 years.
One major resulting recommendation concerns the provision of new generations of
imaging survey, where the image quality and near-IR sensitivity that can be
attained only in space are naturally matched by ground-based imaging and
spectroscopy to yield massive datasets with well-understood photometric
redshifts (photo-z's). Such information is essential for a range of new
cosmological tests using gravitational lensing, large-scale structure, clusters
of galaxies, and supernovae. Great scope in future cosmology also exists for
ELT studies of the intergalactic medium and space-based studies of the CMB and
gravitational waves; here the synergy is less direct, but these areas will
remain of the highest mutual interest to the agencies. All these recommended
facilities will produce vast datasets of general applicability, which will have
a tremendous impact on broad areas of astronomy.Comment: ESA-ESO Working Groups Report No. 3, 125 pages, 28 figures. A PDF
version including the cover is available from
http://www.stecf.org/coordination/esa_eso/cosmology/report_cover.pdf and a
printed version (A5 booklet) is available in limited numbers from the Space
Telescope-European Coordinating Facility (ST-ECF): [email protected]
The HR 4796A Debris System: Discovery of Extensive Exo-Ring Dust Material
The optically and IR bright, and starlight-scattering, HR 4796A ring-like
debris disk is one of the most (and best) studied exoplanetary debris systems.
The presence of a yet-undetected planet has been inferred (or suggested) from
the narrow width and inner/outer truncation radii of its r = 1.05" (77 au)
debris ring. We present new, highly sensitive, Hubble Space Telescope (HST)
visible-light images of the HR 4796A circumstellar debris system and its
environment over a very wide range of stellocentric angles from 0.32" (23 au)
to ~ 15" (1100 au). These very high contrast images were obtained with the
Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) using 6-roll PSF-template
subtracted coronagraphy suppressing the primary light of HR 4796A and using
three image plane occulters and simultaneously subtracting the background light
from its close angular proximity M2.5V companion. The resulting images
unambiguously reveal the debris ring embedded within a much larger,
morphologically complex, and bi-axially asymmetric exoring scattering
structure. These images at visible wavelengths are sensitive to, and map, the
spatial distribution, brightness, and radial surface density of micron size
particles over 5 dex in surface brightness. These particles in the exo-ring
environment may be unbound from the system and interacting with the local ISM.
Herein we present a new morphological and photometric view of the larger than
prior seen HR 4796A exoplanetary debris system with sensitivity to small
particles at stellocentric distances an order of magnitude greater than has
previously been observed.Comment: 28 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in the Astronomical
Journal 21 December 201
Adaptive homodyne measurement of optical phase
We present an experimental demonstration of the power of real-time feedback
in quantum metrology, confirming a theoretical prediction by Wiseman regarding
the superior performance of an adaptive homodyne technique for single-shot
measurement of optical phase. For phase measurements performed on weak coherent
states with no prior knowledge of the signal phase, we show that the variance
of adaptive homodyne estimation approaches closer to the fundamental quantum
uncertainty limit than any previously demonstrated technique. Our results
underscore the importance of real-time feedback for reaching quantum
performance limits in coherent telecommunication, precision measurement and
information processing.Comment: RevTex4, color PDF figures (separate files), submitted to PR
BOSS Ultracool Dwarfs I: Colors and Magnetic Activity of M and L dwarfs
We present the colors and activity of ultracool (M7-L8) dwarfs from the Tenth
Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We combine previous
samples of SDSS M and L dwarfs with new data obtained from the Baryon
Oscillation Sky Survey (BOSS) to produce the BOSS Ultracool Dwarf (BUD) sample
of 11820 M7-L8 dwarfs. By combining SDSS data with photometry from the Two
Micron All Sky Survey and the Wide-Field Infrared Sky Explorer mission, we
present ultracool dwarf colors from to as a function of spectral
type, and extend the SDSS-2MASS-WISE color locus to include ultracool dwarfs.
The , , and colors provide the best indication of spectral type
for M7-L3 dwarfs. We also examine ultracool dwarf chromospheric activity
through the presence and strength of H emission. The fraction of active
dwarfs rises through the M spectral sequence until it reaches 90% at
spectral type L0. The fraction of active dwarfs then declines to 50% at
spectral type L5; no H emission is observed in the late-L dwarfs in the
BUD sample. The fraction of active L0-L5 dwarfs is much higher than previously
observed. The strength of activity declines with spectral type from M7 through
L3, after which the data do not show a clear trend. Using one-dimensional
chromosphere models, we explore the range of filling factors and chromospheric
temperature structures that are consistent with H observations of M0-L7
dwarfs. M dwarf chromospheres have a similar, smoothly varying range of
temperature and surface coverage while L dwarf chromospheres are cooler and
have smaller filling factors.Comment: 24 pages and 13 figures, submitted to AJ. A short video describing
these results can be found at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwX5WkuJCU
Parameterized spectral distributions for meson production in proton-proton collisions
Accurate semiempirical parameterizations of the energy-differential cross sections for charged pion and kaon production from proton-proton collisions are presented at energies relevant to cosmic rays. The parameterizations, which depend on both the outgoing meson parallel momentum and the incident proton kinetic energy, are able to be reduced to very simple analytical formulas suitable for cosmic ray transport through spacecraft walls, interstellar space, the atmosphere, and meteorites
Multi-wavelength modeling of the spatially resolved debris disk of HD 107146
(abridged) We aim to constrain the location, composition, and dynamical state
of planetesimal populations and dust around the young, sun-like (G2V) star HD
107146}. We consider coronagraphic observations obtained with the Advanced
Camera for Surveys (HST/ACS) onboard the HST in broad V and broad I filters, a
resolved 1.3mm map obtained with the Combined Array for Research in
Millimeter-Wave Astronomy (CARMA), Spitzer/IRS low resolution spectra, and the
spectral energy distribution (SED) of the object at wavelengths ranging from
3.5micron to 3.1mm. We complement these data with new coronagraphic high
resolution observations of the debris disk using the Near Infrared Camera and
Multi-Object Spectrometer (HST/NICMOS) aboard the HST in the F110W filter. The
SED and images of the disk in scattered light as well as in thermal reemission
are combined in our modeling using a parameterized model for the disk density
distribution and optical properties of the dust. A detailed analytical model of
the debris disk around HD 107146 is presented that allows us to reproduce the
almost entire set of spatially resolved and unresolved multi-wavelength
observations. Considering the variety of complementary observational data, we
are able to break the degeneracies produced by modeling SED data alone. We find
the disk to be an extended ring with a peak surface density at 131AU.
Furthermore, we find evidence for an additional, inner disk probably composed
of small grains released at the inner edge of the outer disk and moving inwards
due to Poynting-Robertson drag. A birth ring scenario (i.e., a more or less
broad ring of planetesimals creating the dust disk trough collisions) is found
to be the most likely explanation of the ringlike shape of the disk.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&
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