Superior outcomes with Argatroban for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a Bayesian network meta-analysis

Background Argatroban, lepirudin, desirudin, bivalirudin, and danaparoid are commonly used to manage heparin-induced thrombocytopenia related complications. However, the most suitable drug for this condition still remains controversial. Aim of the review This Bayesian network meta-analysis study compared the most common anticoagulant drugs used in the management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Method All clinical trials comparing two or more anticoagulant therapies for suspected or confirmed heparin-induced thrombocytopenia were considered for inclusion. Studies concerning the use of heparins or oral anticoagulants were not considered. Data concerning hospitalisation length, thromboembolic, major, and minor haemorrhagic events, and mortality rate were collected. The network analyses were made through the STATA routine for Bayesian hierarchical random-effects model analysis with standardised mean difference (SMD) and log odd ratio (LOR) effect measures. Results Data from a total of 4338 patients were analysed. The overall mean age was 62.31 ± 6.6 years old. Hospitalization length was considerably shorter in favour of the argatroban group (SMD: - 1.70). Argatroban evidenced the lowest rate of major (LOR: - 1.51) and minor (LOR: - 0.57) haemorrhagic events. Argatroban demonstrated the lowest rate of thromboembolic events (LOR: 0.62), and mortality rate (LOR: - 1.16). Conclusion Argatroban performed better overall for selected patients with HIT. Argatroban demonstrated the shortest hospitalization, and lowest rate of haemorrhages, thromboembolisms, and mortality compared to bivalirudin, lepirudin, desirudin, and danaparoid

Розробка алгоритму обробки сигнальних повідомлень ОКС № 7 в мережах NGN на базі технології SIGTRAN

Вигонюк В.І. Розробка алгоритму обробки сигнальних повідомлень ЗКС7 в мережах NGN на базі технології SIGTRAN : кваліфікаційна робота бакалавра / Вигонюк Вадим Ігорович. – Дніпро, 2020. – 95 с.В роботі розроблено алгоритм обробки сигнальних повідомлень ОКС № 7 в мережах NGN на базі технології SIGTRAN. Виконано аналіз результатів

2-Octyl-cyanoacrylate for wound closure in cervical and lumbar spinal surgery

It is claimed that wound closure with 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate has the advantages that band-aids are not needed in the postoperative period, that the wound can get in contact with water and that removal of stitches is not required. This would substantially enhance patient comfort, especially in times of reduced in-hospital stays. Postoperative wound infection is a well-known complication in spinal surgery. The reported infection rates range between 0% and 12.7%. The question arises if the advantages of wound closure with 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate in spinal surgery are not surpassed by an increase in infection rate. This study has been conducted to identify the infection rate of spinal surgery if wound closure was done with 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate. A total of 235 patients with one- or two-level surgery at the cervical or lumbar spine were included in this prospective study. Their pre- and postoperative course was evaluated. Analysis included age, sex, body mass index, duration and level of operation, blood examinations, 6-week follow-up and analysis of preoperative risk factors. The data were compared to infection rates of similar surgeries found in a literature research and to a historical group of 503 patients who underwent wound closure with standard skin sutures after spine surgery. With the use of 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate, only one patient suffered from postoperative wound infection which accounts for a total infection rate of 0.43%. In the literature addressing infection rate after spine surgery, an average rate of 3.2% is reported. Infection rate was 2.2% in the historical control group. No risk factor could be identified which limited the usage of 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate. 2-Octyl-cyanoacrylate provides sufficient wound closure in spinal surgery and is associated with a low risk of postoperative wound infection

Internationaler Vergleich und Schlußfolgerungen

Der Beitrag untersucht das Forschungs- und Entwicklungssystem (FuE) für die Telekommunikation in zehn Ländern, analysiert das Zusammenwirken von Staat, Netzträgern, Herstellern und Forschungseinrichtungen und entwickelt ein valides Bild von den nationalen FuE-Systemen und ihren Vor- und Nachteilen. Aus der vergleichenden Betrachtung der Systeme werden forschungs- und entwicklungspolitische und wettbewerbspolitische Schlußfolgerungen gezogen

Research and development in telecommunications. National systems under pressure

Research and development activities (R&D) are becoming more and more important for the development of the telecommunications industry. To a large extent they determine the competitive position of firms and nations. Both the equipment and carriers depend on their technological competence. In the past, national R&D systems developed separately, and differed widely from one country to another. With the liberalization of the telecommunications markets and increasing international competition the different national R&D systems have come under pressure and have begun to change. This article describes the structure of national R&D systems at the end of the 1980s and analyses development trends. It summarizes the principal findings of an extensive study into the development of the national R&D systems of the USA, Japan, France, the UK, Italy, Sweden, South Korea, the Netherlands, Spain and the Federal Republic of Germany. With the liberalization of the telecommunications markets and increasing international competition the different national R&D systems have come under pressure and begun to change. This article describes the structure of national systems at the end of the 1980s and analyses development trends. It summarizes the principal findings of an extensive study into the development of the systems of the USA, Japan, France, the UK, Italy, Sweden, South Korea, the Netherlands, Spain and the Federal Republic of Germany

Аутсорсинг как современная форма организации бизнеса в нефтегазовой отрасли на примере ОАО «Газпромнефть»

Целью данной работы состоит в оценке эффективности применения аутсорсинга в ПАО «Газпромнефть». Сложности его применения, положительные и отрицательные стороны его применения в структуре организации, потому что аутсорсинг в России используется не так давно и практика его внедрения ещё очень мала. Предметом исследования данной работы является аутсорсинг, а объектом ПАО «Газпромнефть». Для достижения целей работы мне необходимо решить ряд задач: изучить историю применения аутсорсинга в нефтегазовой отрасли; определить основные проблемы внедрения аутсорсинга в данной отрасли; оценить эффективность использования аутсорсинга на примере ПАО. При исследовании проводился анализ деятельности дочерних предприятий ОАО «Газпром нефть», сервисных подразделений и вертикально интегрированных компаний.The aim of this work is to assess the effectiveness of outsourcing in JSC "Gazpromneft". The complexity of its application, positive and negative aspects of its application in the structure of the organization, because outsourcing in Russia has been used recently and the practice of its implementation is still very small. The subject of study of this work is outsourced, and the object of PJSC "Gazprom". To achieve the goals of work I need to solve several tasks: to study the history of outsourcing in the oil and gas industry; to identify the main problems of introduction of outsourcing in the industry; to assess the effectiveness of outsourcing on the example of PJSC. In the study, an analysis of activities of subsidiaries of OAO "Gazprom Neft", service units and vertically integrated companies