Prevention of childhood poisoning in the home: overview of systematic reviews and a systematic review of primary studies

Unintentional poisoning is a significant child public health problem. This systematic overview of reviews, supplemented with a systematic review of recently published primary studies synthesizes evidence on non-legislative interventions to reduce childhood poisonings in the home with particular reference to interventions that could be implemented by Children's Centres in England or community health or social care services in other high income countries. Thirteen systematic reviews, two meta-analyses and 47 primary studies were identified. The interventions most commonly comprised education, provision of cupboard/drawer locks, and poison control centre (PCC) number stickers. Meta-analyses and primary studies provided evidence that interventions improved poison prevention practices. Twenty eight per cent of studies reporting safe medicine storage (OR from meta-analysis 1.57, 95% CI 1.22–2.02), 23% reporting safe storage of other products (OR from meta-analysis 1.63, 95% CI 1.22–2.17) and 46% reporting availability of PCC numbers (OR from meta-analysis 3.67, 95% CI 1.84–7.33) demonstrated significant effects favouring the intervention group. There was a lack of evidence that interventions reduced poisoning rates. Parents should be provided with poison prevention education, cupboard/drawer locks and emergency contact numbers to use in the event of a poisoning. Further research is required to determine whether improving poison prevention practices reduces poisoning rates

Concepção e organização de um centro de controle de intoxicações The conception and organization of a center for the control of cases of poisoning

Objetivou-se contribuir para uma melhor compreensão da importância dos Centros de Controle de Intoxicações (ou Centros Anti-Veneno), através do relato de sua concepção e organização. Ressaltou-se a necessidade destes centros atuarem integrados a instituições governamentais, a entidades privadas e à comunidade, e a importância dos setores de epidemiologia e prevenção, de análises toxicológicas e de pesquisa científica nestes centros. Enfatizou-se a necessidade de sua intervenção na área de promoção e proteção à saúde, através do estabelecimento de linhas de ação principalmente a nível educacional, de saúde mental e de capacitação profissional. Foram sugeridas algumas providências que concorrerão para maior esclarecimento e, consequentemente, para a diminuição da incidência de intoxicações, revertendo em economia de recursos financeiros que são necessários ao atendimento integral de pacientes intoxicados.<br>As a contribution to a better understanding of the importance of Poison Control Centers, the present work focuses on their conception, organization and action as part of government institutions, private entities and the community. The importance of the sectors that deal with Prevention and Epidemiology, Toxicological Analysis and Scientific Research in these centers is particularly emphasized. Also the necessity for intervention in the areas of preventive public health by means of the creation of plans of action, particularly those related to public awareness, education and mental health, is stressed. Finally suggestions are made which, if implemented, should facilitate the understanding of cases of poisoning and hence diminish their incidence; this should result, in turn, in economy of available government resources, permiting development of more comprehensive treatment programs for patients suffering from poisoning