[Pharmacogenetics and the treatment of addiction]

Item does not contain fulltext- This article describes the current scientific knowledge regarding pharmacogenetic predictors of treatment outcome for substance-dependent patients.- PubMed was searched for articles on pharmacogenetics and addiction. This search yielded 53 articles, of which 27 were selected.- The most promising pharmacogenetic findings are related to the treatment of alcohol dependence. Genetic variation in the micro-opioid receptor (OPRM1) and the serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) appear to be associated with treatment outcomes for naltrexone and ondansetron, respectively. - Genetic variation in CYP2D6 is related to efficacy of methadone treatment for opiate dependence. - Pharmacogenetics may help explain the great inter-individual variation in treatment response. In the future, treatment matching, based on genetic characteristics of individual patients, could lead to a 'personalized medicine' approach. Pharmacogenetic matching of naltrexone in alcohol-dependent carriers of the OPRM1 G-allele currently seems most promising

J.B. Saunders,Addiction medicine (2e ed.) Oxford:Oxford University Press ,2016 9780198714750

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Gene-environment interaction and intermediate phenotypes in alcohol dependence.

Contains fulltext : 91248.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, 18 oktober 2011Promotores : Jong, C.A.J. de, Buitelaar, J.K. Co-promotores : Ellenbroek, B.A., Verkes, R.J.247 p

Opioïden als behandeling voor ernstige suïcidaliteit?

Contains fulltext : 163180.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)1 p

Somatische comorbiditeit bij verslaving

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Relating addiction and psychiatric disorders

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[Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder after ecstasy use]

Item does not contain fulltextBACKGROUND: Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD) is a relatively unknown complication of ecstasy use. As a result, the diagnosis is often missed. The prevalence of HPPD is probably low. Few patients seek medical help; HPPD is however widely discussed by drug users on internet fora. CASE DESCRIPTION: We describe a 23-year-old male with HPPD after ecstasy use. Besides visual complaints, including seeing little spots ('visual snow'), the patient suffered from anxiety and depressive symptoms. We treated him with citalopram with good results. CONCLUSION: In patients with HPPD combined with anxiety or depressive complaints, citalopram could be a good treatment option. Further research into treatment is necessary

De behandeling van GHB-afhankelijkheid

Contains fulltext : 174051.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)GHB is een populaire drug. Gebruik leidt snel tot afhankelijkheid, die lastig is te behandelen doordat veel patiënten terugvallen. Door aandacht voor de psychosociale effecten van het gebruik wordt verwacht dat de effectiviteit van de behandeling toeneemt.3 p

Dopamine en overmatig alcoholgebruik: Genen in interactie met hun omgeving [Dopamine and excessive alcohol consumption: How genes interact with their environment]

Contains fulltext : 127401.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)SUMMARY BACKGROUND: Hereditary factors account for approximately 50% of the risk of developing alcohol dependence. Genes that affect the dopamine function in the brain have been extensively studied as candidate genes. AIM: To present the results of recent Dutch studies on the interaction between genes and their environment in relation to dopamine function and excessive alcohol use. METHOD: Two large scale research projects were recently carried out in order to study the relation between dopamine genes and excessive alcohol use in the Netherlands. The first study investigated excessive alcohol use among adolescents. The second studied alcohol dependence among adult males. RESULTS: Genes that affect the dopamine function in the brain were not directly linked to excessive alcohol use or dependence. Dopamine genes, however, do influence sensitivity to environmental risk factors for excessive alcohol use. CONCLUSION: These studies show that genetically determined dopamine function increases the risk of excessive alcohol use in the context of an adverse environment. Traumatic experiences and parenting style were both shown to be important environmental factors.7 p