HPLC profiles and spectroscopic data of cassane-type furanoditerpenoids

The data presented here are related to the research paper entitled “Hydroxylated furanoditerpenoids from the pupal case produced by the bruchid beetle Sulcobruchus sauteri inside the seed of Caesalpinia decapetala” (Akihara et al., 2018) [1]. In this data article, we provide high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profiles of seven undescribed hydroxylated furanoditerpenoids, caesalsauteolide, 2-hydroxycaesaljapin, 2,7-dihydroxycaesaljapin, 2-hydroxycaesalacetal, caesalsauterol, 6-acetylcaesalsauterol, norcaesalsauterol isolated from the pupal cases produced by Sulcobruchus sauteri and four known compounds, caesaljaponin A (Kamikawa et al., 2015) [2], caesaljaponin B (Kamikawa et al., 2015) [2], caesalacetal (Kamikawa et al., 2016) [3], and caesaljapin (Kamikawa et al., 2016; Ogawa et al., 1992) [3,4] isolated from the cotyledons of the intact seeds of Caesalpinia decapetala. Besides, 1D NMR, 2D NMR, and HRESIFTMS data of the seven undescribed furanoditerpenoids are also presented. Keywords: Sulcobruchus sauteri, Caesalpinia decapetala, Cassane diterpenoid, HPLC, NMR, ESIM

Frequency Dependence of Vibrational Energy Relaxation and Spectral Diffusion of the N–H Stretching Band of Pyrrole–Base Complexes in Solution

A study on the vibrational dynamics of the NH stretching mode of pyrrole–base complexes in carbon tetrachloride, using subpicosecond infrared pump–probe (PP) spectroscopy, is reported. The time evolution of the PP signal of the NH stretching mode for all the complexes was frequency-dependent; the signal decay time increased with the frequency. This frequency dependence was thought to originate from the relationship between vibrational energy relaxation (VER) and spectral diffusion. For hydrogen-bonded systems, spectral diffusion corresponds to the reorganization of the solvent environment. Qualitative analysis of the frequency dependence of the PP signal decay time indicated that a simple energy gap law could not be applied to all the pyrrole–base complexes. This conclusion was supported by spectral simulation of the PP signal using the modified Smoluchowski equation to clarify the frequency dependence of the VER and the spectral diffusion

The I2020T Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 transgenic mouse exhibits impaired locomotive ability accompanied by dopaminergic neuron abnormalities

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2)</it> is the gene responsible for autosomal-dominant Parkinson’s disease (PD), PARK8, but the mechanism by which LRRK2 mutations cause neuronal dysfunction remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated for the first time a transgenic (TG) mouse strain expressing human LRRK2 with an I2020T mutation in the kinase domain, which had been detected in the patients of the original PARK8 family.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The TG mouse expressed I2020T LRRK2 in dopaminergic (DA) neurons of the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and olfactory bulb. In both the beam test and rotarod test, the TG mice exhibited impaired locomotive ability in comparison with their non-transgenic (NTG) littermates. Although there was no obvious loss of DA neurons in either the substantia nigra or striatum, the TG brain showed several neurological abnormalities such as a reduced striatal dopamine content, fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus in DA neurons, and an increased degree of microtubule polymerization. Furthermore, the tyrosine hydroxylase-positive primary neurons derived from the TG mouse showed an increased frequency of apoptosis and had neurites with fewer branches and decreased outgrowth in comparison with those derived from the NTG controls.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The I2020T LRRK2 TG mouse exhibited impaired locomotive ability accompanied by several dopaminergic neuron abnormalities. The TG mouse should provide valuable clues to the etiology of PD caused by the LRRK2 mutation.</p

Unexpectedly Large Contribution of Oxygen to Charge Compensation Triggered by Structural Disordering: Detailed Experimental and Theoretical Study on a Li₃NbO₄–NiO Binary System

酸素が反応に寄与するニッケル系電池材料 高エネルギー密度リチウム電池実現に期待 --新規不規則岩塩型ニッケル系材料開発と次世代蓄電池への応用--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-05-24.Dependence on lithium-ion batteries for automobile applications is rapidly increasing. The emerging use of anionic redox can boost the energy density of batteries, but the fundamental origin of anionic redox is still under debate. Moreover, to realize anionic redox, many reported electrode materials rely on manganese ions through π-type interactions with oxygen. Here, through a systematic experimental and theoretical study on a binary system of Li₃NbO₄–NiO, we demonstrate for the first time the unexpectedly large contribution of oxygen to charge compensation for electrochemical oxidation in Ni-based materials. In general, for Ni-based materials, e.g., LiNiO₂, charge compensation is achieved mainly by Ni oxidation, with a lower contribution from oxygen. In contrast, for Li₃NbO₄–NiO, oxygen-based charge compensation is triggered by structural disordering and σ-type interactions with nickel ions, which are associated with a unique environment for oxygen, i.e., a linear Ni–O–Ni configuration in the disordered system. Reversible anionic redox with a small hysteretic behavior was achieved for LiNi₂/₃Nb₁/₃O₂ with a cation-disordered Li/Ni arrangement. Further Li enrichment in the structure destabilizes anionic redox and leads to irreversible oxygen loss due to the disappearance of the linear Ni–O–Ni configuration and the formation of unstable Ni ions with high oxidation states. On the basis of these results, we discuss the possibility of using σ-type interactions for anionic redox to design advanced electrode materials for high-energy lithium-ion batteries