Application of electrodialytic pilot plant for fluoride removal

Removal of fluorine from water was investigated by electrodialysis method. In order to check the efficacy of ED unit, parameters like applied potential, pH; initial fluoride concentrations and flow rates were varied. Significant results were obtained with concentrations of less than 10 ppm. Results were satisfactory in meeting the maximum contaminate level (MCL) of 0.01 ppm for fluoride. Effect of working parameters on energy consumption was investigated using ion-exchange membranes. Results of this study are useful for designing and operating different capacities of ED plants for recovering different ions. The ED plant was found to be satisfactory to produce a good quality drinking water from the simulated mixture by removing the unwanted ions.Исследовано удаление фтора из воды методом электродиализа. Для проверки эффективности электродиализной установки варьировали приложенную разность потенциалов, начальную концентрацию фторида и скорость потока. Важные результаты были получены при начальной концентрации фторида <10 мг/дм3. С использованием ионообменных мембран исследовано влияние рабочих параметров на энергопотребление. Результаты данной работы будут полезны для разработки и планирования производительности электродиализной установки при выделении различных ионов. Электродиализная установка оказалась эффективной для получения питьевой воды хорошего качества из модельных растворов путем удаления нежелательных ионов.Досліджено видалення фтору з води методом електродіалізу. Для перевірки ефективності електродіалізної установки варіювали прикладену різницю потенціалів, початкову концентра цію фторидута швидкість потоку. Важливі результати були отримані при початковій концентрації фториду <10 мг/дм3. З використанням іонообмінних мембран досліджено вплив робочих параметрів на енергоспоживання. Результати цієї роботи будуть корисні длярозробки та планування продуктивності електродіалізної установки при виділенні різних іонів.Електродіалізна установка виявилася ефективною для отримання питної води хорошої якості з модельних розчинів шляхом видалення - небажаних іоні

Bionanomaterial Scaffolds for Effective Removal of Fluoride, Chromium, and Dye

Here we demonstrate, chitosan–sodium alginate based bionanomaterial scaffolds (BMS) with in situ functionalized alumina hydroxide forming scaffold like structure and its application in removal of fluoride (F^–), chromium (Cr­(VI)), and dye from water. Further, the bionanomaterial scaffold surface was modified with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) to enhance the shelf life of the bionanomaterial scaffold (BMS). This Ag NP-coated BMS exhibited as high as ∼168 and ∼60 mg g^–1 fluoride uptake efficiency at pH 4 and 7, respectively. Experiments were also carried out to check the chromium removal efficiency, and results showed ∼8.5 mg g^–1 of Cr­(VI) uptake capacity was achieved from contaminated water at room temperature. Further, over 99% Reactive Black 5 (RB-5) removal was achieved with remarkable surface regeneration properties. To test the end user affordability, the bionanomaterial was packed both in a columnlike filter cake and tea-baglike pouches in a series of experiments. This study demonstrates a viable and sustainable solution for removal of fluoride, chromium, and color contaminants from contaminated water streams

Forward osmosis for industrial effluents treatment – sustainability considerations

Access to clean water resources has become a global challenge in recent times, especially in developing countries, where huge amounts of highly polluted industrial and municipal effluents are produced and discharged into the receiving environments. Applications of membrane technologies to deal with effluents from various origins have recently received a great deal of attention due to their inherent advantages compared to other physico-chemical methods developed so far. Forward osmosis (FO) is among one of the efficient membrane-based processes adopted by wastewater treatment facilities, with various configurations currently being transferred from laboratory and pilot-scales to large-scale applications. Still, FO technologies are plagued with drawbacks such as fouling, internal concentration polarization (ICP), reverse solute flux and draw solution recovery, which invariably increases the cost of operation and restricts the feasibility for large-scale and long-term use because economic considerations are the most important sustainability criteria when selecting a wastewater treatment technique among the various alternatives. Several modifications have been introduced in recent years to overcome the existing limitations, such as incorporation of engineered nanomaterials onto the membrane surface to mitigate membrane fouling and to enhance their life-time, thereby minimizing the cleaning and (when necessary) replacement costs. Several FO based pre-treatment technologies have also been introduced for complex effluents treatment to minimize the operational costs arising from cleaning and replacement activities. Therefore, assessing the performance of such technologies according to sustainability indicators is the key to ensure long-term benefits from the application of FO technologies for the treatment of highly polluted effluents. In this review, treatment and water reclamation from industrial effluents using FO process and the current states of the standalone and hybrid technologies considering sustainability criteria are discussed. Scaling-up opportunities for the existing lab-scale modules have been evaluated and environmental footprint of the under-developed technologies are discussed. This review will therefore aid in selecting the most suitable configurations of FO technologies (standalone/hybrid) to deal with the highly polluted effluents for real world applications and to direct future studies in this emerging area. Perspectives and recommendations for future studies are also included.publishe

Self-doped interwoven carbon network derived from Ulva fasciata for all solid supercapacitor devices: Solvent-less approach to a scalable synthetic route

by Jai Prakash Chaudhary, Rajeev Gupta, AsheshMahto, Nilesh Vadodariya, Kalpana Dharmalingm, Nataraj Sanna Kotrappanavar and Ramavatar Meen

Solvent-free production of nano-FeS anchored graphene from Ulva fasciata: a scalable synthesis of super-adsorbent for lead, chromium and dyes

Here we demonstrate, a simple and solvent-free synthetic route for the production of FeS/Fe(0) functionalized graphene nanocomposite (G-Fe) via a one-step pyrolysis of seaweed biomass (Ulva fasciata). It is proposed that the natural abundance of both inorganic and organic sulfur in the seaweed induces the reduction of exfoliated graphitic sheets at elevated temperatures. FeCl3 was employed both as the iron precursor as well as the templating agent. Iron doping played a dual-faceted role of exfoliating as well as activating agent, producing composite with high adsorption capacity for Pb2+ (645 ± 10 mg/g), CR (970 mg/g), CV(909 mg/g), MO (664 mg/g), MB (402 mg/g) dyes and good recyclability (8 cycles). Pb2+ adsorption was irreversible even at low pH values and the spent composite (G-Fe-Pb) was utilized for efficient Cr(IV) removal (̴100 mg/g). The adsorption data followed the pseudo second order kinetics while the equilibrium data fitted perfectly into the Langmuir adsorption equation. Further, a thin layer of composite was deposited on a filter paper by vacuum filtration which was tested under continuous filtration mode for RB5 dye removal. Preliminary results highlight the potential of this composite to be used in pretreatment steps in hybrid membrane processes for filtration of complex wastewater feeds.by Ashesh Mahto, Anshu Kumar, Jai Prakash Chaudhary,Madhuri Bhatt, Atul Kumar Sharma,Parimal Paul, Sanna Kotrappanavar Nataraj and Ramavatar Meen

Application of the electrodialytic pilot plant for fluoride removal

Removal of fluorine from water was investigated by electrodialysis method. In order to check the efficacy of ED unit, parameters like applied potential, pH; initial fluoride concentrations and flow rates were varied. Significant results were obtained with concentrations of less than 10 ppm. Results were satisfactory in meeting the maximum contaminate level (MCL) of 0.01 ppm for fluoride. Effect of working parameters on energy consumption was investigated using ion-exchange membranes. Results of this study are useful for designing and operating different capacities of ED plants for recovering different ions. The ED plant was found to be satisfactory to produce a good quality drinking water from the simulated mixture by removing the unwanted ions.Исследовано удаление фтора из воды методом электродиализа. Для проверки эффективности электродиализной установки варьировали приложенную разность потенциалов, начальную концентрацию фторида и скорость потока. Важные результаты были получены при начальной концентрации фторида <10 мг/дм3. С использованием ионообменных мембран исследовано влияние рабочих параметров на энергопотребление. Результаты данной работы будут полезны для разработки и планирования производительности электродиализной установки при выделении различных ионов. Электродиализная установка оказалась эффективной для получения питьевой воды хорошего качества из модельных растворов путем удаления нежелательных ионов.Досліджено видалення фтору з води методом електродіалізу. Для перевірки ефективності електродіалізної установки варіювали прикладену різницю потенціалів, початкову концентра цію фторидута швидкість потоку. Важливі результати були отримані при початковій концентрації фториду <10 мг/дм3. З використанням іонообмінних мембран досліджено вплив робочих параметрів на енергоспоживання. Результати цієї роботи будуть корисні длярозробки та планування продуктивності електродіалізної установки при виділенні різних іонів.Електродіалізна установка виявилася ефективною для отримання питної води хорошої якості з модельних розчинів шляхом видалення - небажаних іоні