Primary extra-cranial meningioma in the right submandibular region of an 18-year-old woman: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Extra-cranial meningioma or ectopic meningioma is a rare tumor. This tumor has been reported in various anatomic sites in the head and neck, mediastinum, skin and soft tissues. We report a rare case of ectopic meningioma in the submandibular region detected by using fine-needle aspiration cytology, histopathology and immunohistochemistry. This case represents another unusual site for extra-cranial meningioma, which prompted us to report it.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>An 18-year-old Dravidian woman presented with swelling in the right submandibular region. The computed tomographic scan findings were suggestive of a neoplastic mass lesion in the right submandibular region. Fine-needle aspiration cytology led to the differential diagnosis of a monomorphic adenoma of a salivary gland or an ectopic meningioma. The patient underwent excision of the submandibular gland and tumor. The histological examination and immunohistochemistry studies confirmed that the lesion was an extra-cranial meningioma. At her two-year follow-up examination, there was no recurrence of the tumor.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our experience with this case indicates that, although rare, meningioma should be entertained in the differential diagnosis of a mass lesion in the head and neck region.</p

Clinical and histopathological correlation in patients with chronic tonsillitis

&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Chronic tonsillitis is diagnosed when an individual has 7 episodes of tonsillitis in 1 year, 5 episodes in 2 consecutive years, or 3 episodes each year for 3 years consecutively. There is correlation of clinical and histopathological findings in patients with chronic tonsillitis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; It is prospective study which is aimed at correlation of clinical and histopathological findings in chronic tonsillitis patients underwent tonsillectomy. This was carried out in tertiary care hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India. In our study, 25 patients of chronic tonsillitis underwent tonsillectomy were included. In this we have examined the histopathology of tonsillar tissue section in correlation with the clinical manifestations of tonsillar diseases that were due to infection.  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In pathological examination of palatine tonsil, underlying subepithelial tissue showed many lymphoid follicles with prominent germinal centres comprising of centrocytes, centroblasts, immunoblasts, small and large lymphocytes in 19 patients (76%). 13 patients (52%) showed prominent germinal centres with bites of salivary gland and muscle tissue. 6 patients (24%) showed prominent germinal centre with mild lymphoplasmocytic inflammatory cell infiltrate. In 4 patients (16%), tissue lined by stratified squamous epithelium showed focal ulceration. 3 patients (12%) showed stratified squamous epithelium with granulation tissue. Crush artifact were noted in 3 patients (12%). 2 patients (8%) had small granules with actinomycotic species colonies within the palatine tonsilar crypts. Only 1 patient (4%) showing keratin impacted in tonsilar tissue.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; There is strong correlation between histopathological examination suggestive of lymphoid hypertrophy and grading of palatine tonsil hypertrophy.&lt;/p&gt;</jats:p

Treatment of Auricular Seroma

Objective: Auricular seroma is a cystic swelling filled with serous fluid. It occurs spontaneously or following trauma. Successful treatment of the seroma remains a challenge because this disease has a high propensity for recurrence. The aim was to study the results of the Plaster of Paris (POP) cast in treatment of seroma in terms of complete resolution of swelling, recurrence, and auricular aesthesis. Study Design: Prospective. Setting: Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 patients with auricular seroma were studied. They were treated with aspiration of the cyst followed by compression dressing with a POP cast, taking the contour of the pinna. The POP cast was kept for 3 days. The patients were followed up for 6 months for recurrence. Results: Out of 48 patients, 43 patients had complete resolution of the swelling in a single application of the POP cast. Five patients needed 2 applications of the POP cast. Not a single patient had recurrence. Temporary discoloration or thickening of the pinna was noted in 8 patients. No major complications like perichondritis were noted. Conclusion: Aspiration and contour dressing using POP is an innovative and effective treatment for management of auricular seroma as it prevents surgical trauma and recurrence and gives cosmetically excellent results. </jats:sec

Evaluation of hearing acuity in patients with chronic renal failure by pure tone audiometry

&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Hearing loss is common in patients with chronic renal failure. It is well known that chronic renal failure (CRF) causes different systemic and otorhinolaryngologic manifestations due to the accumulation of nitrogenous waste products. The aim of the study was to evaluate hearing threshold and the severity of hearing loss at different frequencies in patients of chronic renal failure (CRF), and to analyse the role of duration of disease on hearing threshold in patients of CRF.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Fifty two patients of CRF were included in the study. Pure tone audiometry was done in all cases.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Majority of the patients were in 21 to 40 year age group (mean: out of 52 patients, 38 patients (73.07%) had sensorineural hearing loss and 14 patients (26.93%) had normal hearing. Majority of the patients with hearing loss had mild (44.73%) or moderate (42.11%) sensorineural hearing loss. On comparison of the mean hearing threshold Group II (duration of disease more than five years- 17 patients) showed a statistically significant difference (P&amp;lt;0.05) in mean hearing threshold at 250 Hz.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Hearing loss is present in majority of the patients of CRF. Most of the cases have mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss. High frequency hearing loss in chronic renal failure is related to the duration of the disease, duration of haemodialysis’ and internal homeostasis, namely hyponatremia.&lt;/p&gt;</jats:p