The Contribution of Nintendo Wii® in children’s motricity

The increasingly visible sedentarism in the children of our current society is a problem that has been worrying the Childhood Educators. Taking into account the advancement of technology and the fact that children in today's activity rooms are considered as Digital Natives, we intend to introduce the Nintendo Wii® into the motor activities developed by children in order to verify their contribution to children's motor skills. To this end, the objectives of this study focused on the promotion of digital resources in activities related to motor expression; the analysis of the effect of the practice of motor activities performed with Nintendo Wii® and the identification of changes in children's motor development, namely in the analyzed variables, balance, laterality, body notion and global praxia, resulting from practice in the environment virtual. The present investigation was developed in the Supervised Practice in Pre-School Education, in a group of children between the ages of 4 and 5 years. In this investigation the qualitative and quantitative paradigm was combined. A mixed qualitative approach was also developed, combining action research and exploratory case study, due to the uniqueness of the study. For the collection of data, several instruments and techniques were used: participant observation, field notes, audiovisual media, BPM, semistructured interview and questionnaire surveys. The implementation was developed in seven sessions, in which the children of the experimental group used the Nintendo Wii® and its accessories (Wii Remote and Balance Board). After the due analysis of all the collected data, we can conclude that the Nintendo Wii® contributes significantly in the children's motricity, that is, in the improvement of motor skills. It is noteworthy that the accomplishment of motor activities with the Nintendo Wii® generated in the children spontaneous collaborative spirit; healthy competition, because what mattered was the accomplishment of motor activities and not exactly the gain of points, and the punctuation emerged as a motivating element in terms of people, giving rise to greater feelings of selfesteem.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Los motines del hambre en Castilla la Vieja en el siglo XIX

El trabajo relata los acontecimientos ocurridos a mediados del siglo XIX en España en general y en Castilla la Vieja en particular, contando también los antecedentes a esta situación y sus causas. La tercera parte final cuenta las consecuencias de estas revueltas y la situación posterior a ellas.Grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresa

Análisis de la población de España y de Castilla y León con un horizonte intercensal

En este trabajo analizaremos la evolución de la población en España y en Castilla y León durante el periodo intercensal que abarca desde el Censo de 2001 hasta el Censo de 2011. Partiremos de los datos reportados por el Censo de 2001 y estudiaremos la evolución durante el periodo intercensal gracias a las Estimaciones Intercensales de Población, profundizando en los fenómenos demográficos que afectan o pueden afectar directamente a la evolución de la población (nacimientos, defunciones y flujos migratorios). También realizaremos una comparación con el Padrón Municipal y observaremos las desviaciones existentes entre las Estimaciones Intercensales de Población, el Padrón Municipal y el Censo de 2011.Departamento de Economía AplicadaGrado en Administración y Dirección de Empresa

Validation of the Portuguese Version of the Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire

The main objective of this study was the validation of the Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire (EVS II), using a confirmatory factorial analysis of the measurement model, with veteran athletes. A total of 348 veteran Portuguese athletes of both genders, aged between 30 and 60 years (M = 41.64, SD = 9.83), of whom 200 were males and 148 were females, from several sports. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis demonstrate the adequacy of the adapted version of the EVS II, as the factorial structure (6 factors/24 items) has acceptable validity indexes: χ2 = 305.925, p = 0.000, df = 120.017, χ2/df = 2.549, NFI (Normed Fit Index) = 0.909, TLI (Tucker Lewis Index) = 0.918, CFI (Comparative Fit Index) = 0.944, GFI (Goodness of Fit Index) = 0.944, AGFI (Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index) = 0.909, SRMR (Standardized Root Mean Square Residual) = 0.048, RMSEA (Root Mean Square of Approximation) = 0.060, allowing evaluation of the dimensions of balanced diet, respect for mealtime, tobacco and alcohol consumption, other drugs consumption and resting habits. The adaptation to sport of the Portuguese version of EVS II can be used with reasonable confidence in the evaluation of healthy lifestyles in the context of sportinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Exploração de transmissores integralmente digitais em cenários C-RAN

In order to accommodate the ever-growing demand for higher transmission rates, the next generation of mobile telecommunications (5G) will need larger bandwidths, as well as, new frequencies with available spectrum capable of accommodate such bandwidths. The rise in frequency is being pointed out as a solution for this problem, however, the low coverage areas presented by these frequency bands (mmWave) will require a new way of implementing base stations. Those, in their turn, will exist in higher numbers and closer together. It is where that the new radio access network architecture, C-RAN, may allow for the ful lment of these requirements, besides also allowing for the reduction in cost of each base station as well as providing an increase in its energy e ciency. This dissertation aims to create a point-to-point optical link based on All- Digital Transmitters (ADT) capable of being used for data transmission in the fronthaul. Taking advantage of recent developments in ADT, it is now possible to create one with large bandwidths. Besides, the eld programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have been providing each time higher processing capacity using each time less energy, making the nal product cheaper and more e cient. Recurring to delta-sigma modulation ( M), a reduction in the complexity of the remote radio head (RRH) can be achieved. In this work the optical link that will be used to transport the data through the fronthaul will be based on an SFP. However, other techniques of radio over bre (RoF) can be used to enable, for example, optical upconversion. From the conclusion of this work, a point-to-point optical link based on an ADT was achieved with an Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) always lower than 5%. Also, from this work, two optical upconversions were developed with an output frequency range from 27 GHz up to 63 GHz.De modo a acompanhar a sempre crescente exigência de maiores taxas de transmissão, a próxima geração de telecomunicações móveis (5G) irá necessitar de maiores larguras de banda, bem como novas frequências de transmissão com espectro livre capaz de acomodar tais larguras de banda. A subida em frequência é apontada como uma solução para este problema, contudo as baixas áreas de cobertura apresentadas por estas bandas de frequência (mmWave) irão necessitar de uma nova forma de implementar estações base. Estas, por sua vez, terão de existir em maior número e mais próximas. É aqui que a nova arquitetura de redes de acesso radio, C-RAN, pode permitir cumprir com estes requisitos, além de poder baixar o custo de cada estação base e aumentar a sua eficiência energética. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo a criação de uma ligação ponto a ponto baseada em transmissores integralmente digitais (ADTs) capaz de ser usada para a transmissão de dados no fronthaul. Aproveitando os desenvolvimentos recentes nos ADT, a criação de um transmissor integralmente digital com largura de banda elevada é agora possível. Além disto, os agregados de células lógicas reprogramáveis (FPGAs) têm vindo a fornecer cada vez uma maior capacidade de processamento, usando menos energia, tornando o produto final, mais barato e mais eficiente. O recurso à modelação deltasigma ( M) no ADT poderá reduzir consideravelmente a complexidade da cabeça remota de rádio (RRH). Neste trabalho a ligaçãao ótica que irá ser usada para enviar os dados no fronthaul será baseada num SFP, mas outras técnicas de rádio sobre fibra (RoF) poderão ser também usadas de forma a possibilitar, por exemplo, upconversion ótico. Da conclusão deste trabalho resulta uma ligação ponto a ponto baseada num ADT com um Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) sempre abaixo dos 5%, bem como duas arquiteturas de upconversion ótico com uma gama possível para o sinal de saída que pode variar entre os 27 GHz e os 63 GHz. uma maior capacidade de processamento, usando menos energia, tornando o produto nal, mais barato e mais e ciente. O recurso a modelação deltasigma ( M) no ADT poder a reduzir consideravelmente a complexidade da cabeça remota de radio (RRH). Neste trabalho a ligação otica que ir a ser usada para enviar os dados no fronthaul ser a baseada num SFP, mas outras t ecnicas de r adio sobre bra (RoF) poderão ser também usadas de forma a possibilitar, por exemplo, upconversion otico. Da conclusão deste trabalho resulta uma ligação ponto a ponto baseada num ADT com um Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) sempre abaixo dos 5%, bem como duas arquiteturas de upconversion otico com uma gama possível para o sinal de saída que pode variar entre os 27 GHz e os 63 GHz.POCI-01-0247-FEDER- 024539; POCI-01-0145- FEDER-016432Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e Telecomunicaçõe

Three studies on risk measures : a focus on the comonotonic additivity property

The theory of risk measures has grown enormously in the last twenty years. In particular, risk measures satisfying the axiom of comonotonic additivity were extensively studied, arguably because of the affluence of results indicating interesting aspects of such risk measures. Recent research, however, has shown that this axiom is incompatible with properties that are central in specific contexts. In this paper we present a literature review of these incompatibilities. As a secondary contribution, we show that the comonotonic additivity axiom conflicts with the property of excess invariance for risk measures and, in a milder form, with the property of surplus invariance for acceptance sets. An elementary fact in the theory of risk measures is that acceptance sets induce risk measures and vice-versa. We present simple and yet general conditions on the acceptance sets under which their induced risk measures are comonotonic additive. With this result, we believe to fill a gap in the literature linking the properties of acceptance sets and risk measures: we show that acceptance sets induce comonotonic additive risk measures if the acceptance sets and their complements are stable under convex combinations of comonotonic random variables. As an extension of our results, we obtain a set of axioms on acceptance sets that allows one to induce risk measures that are additive for a priori chosen classes of random variables. Examples of such classes that were previously considered in the literature are independent random variables, uncorrelated random variables, and notably, comonotonic random variables. Taking investment decisions requires managers to consider how the current portfolio would be affected by the inclusion of other assets. In particular, it is of interest to know if adding a given asset would increase or decrease the risk of the current portfolio. However, this addition may reduce or increase the risk, depending on the risk measure being used. Arguably, risk sub-estimation is a major concern to regulatory agencies, and possibly to the financial firms themselves. To provide a more decisive and conservative conclusion about the effect of an additional asset on the risk of the current portfolio, we propose to assess this effect through the family of monetary risk measures that are consistent with second-degree stochastic dominance (SSD-consistent risk measures). This criterion provides a tool to identify financial positions that reduce the risk of the current portfolio, according to all monetary SSD-consistent risk measures. Also, this tool measures the smallest amount of money (the cost) necessary to turn the financial positions into risk reducers for the original portfolio. We characterize the cost of robust risk reduction through a monetary risk measure, a monetary acceptance set, the family of average values at risk, and through the infimum of the certainty equivalents of risk-averse agents with random initial wealth

Globalization and the Industrial Revolution

This paper argues that trade specialization played an indispensable role in supportingthe Industrial Revolution, allowing the economy to shift resources to the manufacturewithout facing food and raw materials shortage. In our arti cial economy, there are twosectors agriculture and manufacture and the economy is initially closed and under aMalthusian trap. In this economy the industrial revolution entails a transition towards adynamic Heckscher-Ohlin economy. The model reproduces the main stylized facts of thetransition to modern growth and globalization. We show that two-sectors closed-economymodels cannot explain the fall in the value of land relative to wages observed in the 19thcentury and that the transition in this case is much longer than that observed allowingfor trade.

La atención de los estudiantes durante la clase de educación física basada en el rendimiento académico

Attention is an important variable that can dictate the success and failure of an activity or task. This variable is characterized by the ability to direct cognitive resources to a given situation. The purpose of this research was to find patterns in the students’ attention profiles, according to their academic achievement, during the physical education class and in different sports. We used the ATEST-EF questionnaire (Petrica, 2010) in which students had to answer the question «What were you thinking the moment you heard the signal?» The study involved 156 students from the 3th cycle of basic education, aged between 12 and 16 years old ( = 14,7 ± 1,3) evaluated in four different sports taught in the discipline of physical education (athletics, gymnastics, basketball and football), and in four moments of the class. Considering our variables, we used Chi-Square and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests. The results show that task attendance holdsthehighestpercentagevalues throughouttheclassinrelationtotheremainingcategories,regardlessoftheiracademicperformance and sport, but we observed that students with satisfactory and good academic performance have more stable values of attention regarding the students with less academic performance. We found statistical significance at the end of the class between students with good academic performance and affective attention, and among students with lower academic performance and attention to other things. Subsequently, we used the same classification to compare the profiles of attention among the four mentioned sports. We observed some patterns between team and individual sports, but did not find statistically differences, however the results suggest a positive relationship between attention and academic performance.La atención es una variable importante que puede dictar el éxito y el fracaso de una actividad o tarea. Esta variable se caracteriza por la capacidad de dirigir recursos cognitivos a una situación dada. El propósito de esta investigación fue encontrar patrones en los perfiles de atención de los estudiantes, de acuerdo con sus logros académicos, durante la clase de educación física y en diferentes deportes. Utilizamos el cuestionario ATEST-EF (Petrica, 2010) en el que los estudiantes tenían que responder la pregunta «Qué estaba pensando en el momento en que escuchó la señal?» En el estudio participaron 156 estudiantes del tercer ciclo de educación básica, con edades comprendidas entre 12 y 16 años (= 14,7 ± 1,3) evaluados en cuatro deportes diferentes que se imparten en la disciplina de educación física (atletismo, gimnasia, baloncesto y fútbol), y en cuatro momentos de la clase. Considerando nuestras variables, utilizamos las pruebas estadísticas Chi-Square y Kruskal-Wallis. Los resultados muestran que la asistencia a las tareas tiene los valores porcentuales más altos en toda la clase en relación con las categorías restantes, independientemente de su rendimiento académico y deporte, pero observamos que los estudiantes con un rendimiento académico satisfactorio y bueno tienen valores de atención más estables con respecto a los estudiantes con Menos rendimiento académico. Encontramos significación estadística al final de la clase entre estudiantes con buen rendimiento académico y atención afectiva, y entre estudiantes con bajo rendimiento académico y atención a otras cosas. Posteriormente, utilizamos la misma clasificación para comparar los perfiles de atención entre los cuatro deportes mencionados. Observamos algunos patrones entre el equipo y los deportes individuales, pero no encontramos diferencias estadísticas, sin embargo, los resultados sugieren una relación positiva entre la atención y el rendimiento académico.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Psychometric validation of Atest-EF and attention profile of students during physical education classes

The present study aimed for the adaptation and validation of the Questionnaire Atest-EF, with the use of a confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) of the measurement model, applied to students of the 3rd cycle of Basic Education. A total of 156 students of both genders, aged between 12 and 16 years (M = 14.7 ± SD = 1.3) were included in the study, with 84 female and 71 males, from the 7th, 8th and 9th grade. The main results reveal that the psychometric qualities confirm the adequacy of this model, demonstrating that the Atest-EF factorial structure: 1 factor/4 items, has very acceptable indexes of Atest - EF validity: (χ2 = 6.141, p = .000, χ2/gl = 3.07, NFI = 0.90 CFI = .925, IFI = .930, MFI = .9997, GFI = .995, AGFI = .975, RMR = .042, RMSEA = .08, SRMR = .028). With these results, the structural model reveals a satisfactory factorial assessment. This led to conclude that the Portuguese version of Atest-EF can be used, with high confidence in the evaluation of the student’s attention profiles in Physical Education classes. Compared with the moments of the class, there were only significant differences in students’ attention in the approach to sports in the first and fourth moments of the class, as well as in the general profile of attention, with significantly higher values in the approach to team sports.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio