Empowering the migrant and refugee family's parenting skills: a literature review

Bachground: Worldwide, more than 79.5 million people are forcibly displaced, including a significant number of migrant and refugee families with children. Migration and refugeedom affect these families in different dimensions, such as mental, physical and spiritual health. Identifying family needs and enhancing parenting skills can improve family cohesion and health, as well as smooth integration into the host country. This review is part of the Erasmus+ funded project- IENE 8 (Intercultural Education for Nurses in Europe) aiming at empowering migrant and refugee families regarding parenting skills. Methods: This was a scoping review of literature. The IENE 8 partner countries (Cyprus, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, and United Kingdom) searched for peer reviewed papers, grey literature and mass media reports at international, European and national level. The time period for the search of scientific and grey literature was between2013-2018, and for mass media, it was between 2016 and 2018. Results: 124 relevant sources were identified. They included 33 Peer reviewed papers, 47 Grey literature documents and 44 mass media reports. This revealed the importance of understanding the needs of migrant families with children. Conclusion: It is evident from the literature that there is a need to support refugee parents to adjust their existing skill and to empower them to develop new ones. Healthcare and social services professionals have an essential role in improving the refugees' parenting skills. This can be done by developing and implementing family-centered and culturally-sensitive intervention programs

Deep Margin Elevation: A Literature Review

A conservative approach for restoring deep proximal lesions is to apply an increment of composite resin over the preexisting cervical margin to relocate it coronally, the so-called “deep margin elevation” (DME). A literature search for research articles referring to DME published from January 1998 until November 2021 was conducted using MEDLINE (PubMed), Ovid, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Semantic Scholar databases applying preset inclusion and exclusion criteria. Elevation material and adhesive system employed for luting seem to be significant factors concerning the marginal adaptation of the restoration. This technique does not affect bond strength, fatigue behavior, fracture resistance, failure pattern or repairability. DME and subgingival restorations are compatible with periodontal health, given that they are well-polished and refined. The available literature is limited mainly to in vitro studies. Therefore, randomized clinical trials with extended follow-up periods are necessary to clarify all aspects of the technique and ascertain its validity in clinical practice. For the time being, DME should be applied with caution respecting three criteria: capability of field isolation, the perfect seal of the cervical margin provided by the matrix, and no invasion of the connective compartment of biological width. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Association between three glycosidases activity [α-mannosidase (α-ΜΑΝ), β-Ν-acetyloglucosaminidase (NAGASE) and β-galactosidase (β-GAL)] and in vitro fertilization of bovine oocytes collected from different-sized follicles

Abstract We studied the role of three glycosidases (α-mannosidase -α-ΜΑΝ, β-N-acetyloglucosaminidase -NAGASE and β-galactosidase -β-GAL) in follicular fluid (FF) and in fertilization medium (FM) of bovine oocytes. Oocytes were allocated into 3 groups according to the follicular size (controls -CF: 2-8 mm, small follicle group -SF: 2-5 mm, large follicle group -LF: >5-8 mm). Bovine embryos were produced in vitro either in groups (experiment 1, n = 2099 oocytes) or individually (experiment 2, n = 79 oocytes). In both experiments, the activity of all glycosidases in the FF of large follicles was significantly lower than in the FF of small follicles group. In the FM of LF-group oocytes, α-MAN and NAGASE were significantly higher compared to SF-and CF-group oocytes (experiment 1) and β-GAL was significantly higher in SF-compared to CF-group oocytes (experiment 2). Cleavage rate was similar among all groups in both experiments; however significantly higher blastocyst formation was noted in CF-group compared to LF-(days 7, 8, 9) and SF-(days 8, 9) groups (experiment 1). In follicular fluid of small follicle group, β-GAL was associated positively with degenerating oocytes' number and negatively with blastocyst rate at days 7, 8 (P = 0.065) and 9 (experiment 1). In fertilization medium of control group, α-MAN related negatively to cleavage rate (P < 0.05) and β-GAL to blastocyst rate at day 8 (P = 0.089) or day 9 (P = 0.072) (experiment 1). During fertilization, in experiment 1 all oocytes consumed β-GAL and only control or small follicle oocytes consumed α-MAN; in experiment 1, only large follicle oocytes released NAGASE, whereas all oocytes released all three glycosidases in experiment 2. In conclusion, glycosidases affect the developmental competence of oocytes collected from different sized follicles during in vitro fertilization, performed either in groups or individually; their role in follicular fluid is different from that in fertilization medium

Association between three glycosidases activity [α-mannosidase (α-MAN), β-N-acetyloglucosaminidase (NAGASE) and β-galactosidase (β-GAL)] and in vitro fertilization of bovine oocytes collected from different-sized follicles

We studied the role of three glycosidases (α-mannosidase - α-MAN, β-N-acetyloglucosaminidase - NAGASE and β-galactosidase - β-GAL) in follicular fluid (FF) and in fertilization medium (FM) of bovine oocytes. Oocytes were allocated into 3 groups according to the follicular size (controls - CF: 2-8 mm, small follicle group - SF: 2-5 mm, large follicle group - LF: >5-8 mm). Bovine embryos were produced in vitro either in groups (experiment 1, n = 2099 oocytes) or individually (experiment 2, n = 79 oocytes). In both experiments, the activity of all glycosidases in the FF of large follicles was significantly lower than in the FF of small follicles group. In the FM of LF-group oocytes, α-MAN and NAGASE were significantly higher compared to SF- and CF-group oocytes (experiment 1) and β-GAL was significantly higher in SF- compared to CF-group oocytes (experiment 2). Cleavage rate was similar among all groups in both experiments; however significantly higher blastocyst formation was noted in CF-group compared to LF- (days 7, 8, 9) and SF- (days 8, 9) groups (experiment 1). In follicular fluid of small follicle group, β-GAL was associated positively with degenerating oocytes' number and negatively with blastocyst rate at days 7, 8 (P = 0.065) and 9 (experiment 1). In fertilization medium of control group, α-MAN related negatively to cleavage rate (P < 0.05) and β-GAL to blastocyst rate at day 8 (P = 0.089) or day 9 (P = 0.072) (experiment 1). During fertilization, in experiment 1 all oocytes consumed β-GAL and only control or small follicle oocytes consumed α-MAN; in experiment 1, only large follicle oocytes released NAGASE, whereas all oocytes released all three glycosidases in experiment 2. In conclusion, glycosidases affect the developmental competence of oocytes collected from different sized follicles during in vitro fertilization, performed either in groups or individually; their role in follicular fluid is different from that in fertilization medium

Ocular involvement of transmissible venereal tumor in a dog

A case of metastatic transmissible venereal tumor (TVT), with lesions on the penis, conjunctiva, buccal mucosa and skin (lips and trunk), is presented in this case report. The clinical picture is described along with the cytological and histopathological features of the tumor leading to definitive diagnosis of TVT. Possible reasons for the unusual metastatic behavior of TVT and full recovery of the dog after chemotherapy are discussed

Relationship between oocyte maturation and the activity of two glycosidases beta-N-acetyloglucosaminidase (NAGASE), alpha-mannosidase (alpha-MAN) in bovine follicular fluid

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