Producción de trehalosa por cepas de Rhizobium spp. y su relación con el comportamiento saprofítico

Tesis (Doctorado en Ciencias con Especialidad en Microbiología) UANLUANLhttp://www.uanl.mx

Plan de mantenimiento para las unidades de generación de la Central Térmica Ishpingo Tambococha Tiputini de la Corporación Eléctrica del Ecuador bajo la metodología de mantenimiento basado en la condición.

El Mantenimiento Basado en Condición es una estrategia de mantenimiento que fundamenta sus resultados en el diagnóstico previo de los equipos, y obtiene una serie de beneficios tales como optimizar la vida útil, reducir tareas y costes de mantenimiento, y aumentar disponibilidad, fiabilidad y seguridad de los activos y sistemas, razón por la cual se decidió desarrollar un plan de mantenimiento para las unidades de generación de la central térmica Ishpingo Tambococha Tiputini de la corporación eléctrica del Ecuador bajo la metodología de mantenimiento basado en la condición, para lo cual en primera instancia se evaluó el mantenimiento aplicado a las unidades HHI Hyundai 9H21/32 instaladas en el bloque 43 ITT, utilizando indicadores de disponibilidad y confiabilidad obtenidos del software de mantenimiento IFS de CELEC EP, luego se elaboró un inventario jerárquico con codificación mediante la norma ISO 14224, y se aplicó el método de flujograma para establecer la criticidad de los activos que posteriormente se sometieron al análisis de modos de fallas y efectos (AMFE), y en base al resultado de los análisis realizados y con sustento de un estudio de factibilidad y sostenibilidad técnica de implementación, se determinaron en función de costes las tareas de mantenimiento correctivas, preventivas y basadas en la condición necesarias, las constantes de las ecuaciones matemáticas utilizadas se obtuvieron tras aplicar las distribuciones estadísticas Normal y Weibull. La implementación del plan de mantenimiento planteado y socializado con el personal de mantenimiento de CELEC EP fue viable en cuanto a recursos necesarios y frecuencias de mantenimiento, se recomienda realizar una evaluación anual del plan mediante los indicadores aplicados, plantear metas de confiabilidad y disponibilidad, observar el comportamiento de los indicadores, y tomar las decisiones para mejora, además se sugiere el desarrollo de documentación de mantenimiento que registre información específica referente a fallos.The objective of this present titration work was to develop a maintenance plan for the generation units of the Ishpingo Tambococha Tiputini thermal power plant of the electrical corporation of Ecuador under the condition-based maintenance methodology, for which in the first instance the applicd maintenance was evaluated to the Hyundai 9H21 /32 HHI units installed in block 43 ITT, using availability and reliability indicators obtained from the IFS maintenance software of CELEC EP. then a hierarchical inventory with coding was prepared using the technical standards regulation ISO 14224, and the flowchart method was applied to establish the criticality of the assets that were subsequently subjected to the analysis of failure modes and effects (AMFE), and based on the result of the analyzes carried out and based on a feasibility study and technical sustainability of implementation, determined in terms of costs the corrective maintenance tasks, preventive and based on the necessary condition, the constants of the mathernatical equations used were obtained after applying the Normal and Weibull statistical distributions The implementation of the maintenance plan proposed and socialized with the maintenance staff of CELEC EP was feasible in terms of necessary resources and maintenance frequencies, it is recommended to perform an annual assessment of the plan through the indicators applied, set reliability and availability goals , observe the behavior of the indicators, and making decisions for improvement, it is also suggested the development of maintenance documentation that records specific information regarding failures

USE OF PEACH PALM FLOUR IN THE FORMULATION OF A PAPAYA PASTE

The incorporation of functional ingredients into processed foods represents a promising strategy to enhance their nutritional and sensory profiles. This study evaluated the effect of adding peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) flour on the physicochemical, functional, microbiological, and sensory characteristics of a papaya (Carica papaya L.) paste. Four formulations were developed with increasing concentrations of peach palm flour (10, 20, 30, and 40% w/w). The 10% formulation showed the highest sensory acceptance, with mean scores of 6.78 for color, 6.67 for odor, 6.89 for flavor, and 6.78 for texture (7-point hedonic scale). This formulation also showed a significant increase in protein content (from 0.3% to 2.2%) and fat content (from 0.1% to 1.6%), along with a reduction in carbohydrate content (from 72.6% to 69.8%), compared to the control, without compromising sensory perception. The product remained microbiologically stable (<1.0 log CFU/g for aerobic mesophilic bacteria and molds/yeasts) for 45 days at 15–20 °C. A total of 87% of consumers reported that they would consume the product “always” or “often”, confirming its acceptability. These findings support the use of peach palm flour as a value-adding ingredient in tropical fruit-based functional products. Keywords: Bactris gasipaes Kunth; Carica papaya L.; functional snacks; nutritional improvement; tropical fruit products.UTILIZAÇÃO DE FARINHA DE PUPUNHA NA FORMULAÇÃO DE PASTA DE MAMÃO

Influence of the maturity stage on the phytochemical composition and the antioxidant activity of four Andean blackberry cultivars (Rubus glaucus benth) from Ecuador

Andean blackberries (Rubus glaucus Benth) are fruits rich in phytocomponents with high antioxidant activity. In this work, the changes in the total polyphenol content (TPC), the total flavonoid content (TFC), and the total anthocyanin content (TAC) of four blackberry varieties at three maturity stages (E1-25%, E2-50%, and E3-100%) were measured. The antioxidant activity (AA) was evaluated using the 2,2’azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazolin 6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods. TPC and TFC content decreased with the increase in the maturity stage. The blackberry Brazos cultivar presented TPC values of 51.26, 38.16, and 31.59 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight (DW) at E1, E2, and E3, respectively. The TAC and soluble solids increased with the increase in the maturity stage of the fruits. The Andimora variety at E3 presented a high TPC content, and the Colombiana variety presented a high TFC content. The blackberry Colombiana cultivar presented TAC values of 1.40, 2.95, and 12.26 mg cy-3-glu/100g DW at E1, E2, and E3, respectively. The blackberry Colombiana cultivar presented a high AA value at 1278.63 µmol TE/g DW according to the ABTS method and 1284.55 µmol TE/g DW according to the FRAP method. The TPC and TFC showed a high correlation with the AA according to the ABTS and the FRAP methods. The Pearson correlation between the TFC and AA/ABTS has a value of r = 0.92. The TFC and AA/FRAP present a value of r = 0.94.The authors thank the National Institute for Agricultural Research (INIAP) for providing financial and logistical support for this research

Self-Validation Theory: confidence can increase but also decrease performance in applied settings

This article presents self-validation theory (SVT) as a framework predicting when mental contents guide performance. First, we illustrate how confidence can validate people’s thoughts (goals, beliefs, identity) increasing and decreasing performance, depending on what thoughts are validated. This first section reviews examples of validation processes in guiding intellectual performance in academic settings, sport performance in athletes, as well as performance on diverse social tasks. SVT specifies moderating conditions for validation processes to operate. Therefore, in the second section of this review, we identify unique and testable moderators for metacognitive processes demonstrating when and for whom validation processes are more likely to occur. A third section calls for future research identifying new validating variables (e.g., preparation, courage) capable of increasing usage of unexplored thoughts relevant to performance (e.g., expectations). This final section examines new domains for validation (e.g., group performance, cheating in performance), discusses to what extent people can use self-validation strategies deliberatively to improve their performance and addresses when performance can be impaired by invalidation (e.g., due to identity threat)This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y Universidades, Gobierno de España (ES) [PID2020-116651GB-C31

HIV coinfection predicts failure of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir in treatment-naïve noncirrhotic patients with HCV genotype

The efficacy of licensed direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens is assumed to be the same for hepatitis C virus (HCV)–monoinfected patients (HCV-Mono) and HIV/HCV-coinfected patients (HCV-Co). However, the high sustained viral response (SVR) rates of DAA regimens and the small number of HIV-infected patients included in registration trials have made it difficult to identify predictors of treatment failure, including the presence of HIV. Methods. We compared treatment outcomes for ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) against HCV G1 in treatment-naïve HCV-Mono and HCV-Co without cirrhosis in a prospective registry of individuals receiving DAAs for HCV. Results. Up to September 2017, a total of 17 269 patients were registered, and 1358 patients (1055 HCV-Mono/303 HCV-Co) met the inclusion criteria. Significant differences between HCV-Mono and HCV-Co were observed for age, gender, and G1 subtype distribution. Among HCV-Co, 99.0% were receiving antiretroviral therapy. SVR rates for LDV/SOF at 8 weeks did not differ significantly between HCV-Mono and HCV-Co (96.9% vs 94.0%; P = .199). However, the SVR rate for LDV/SOF at 12 weeks was significantly higher for HCV-Mono than HCV-Co (97.2% vs 91.8%; P = .001). A multivariable logistic regression model including age, sex, liver stiffness, G1 subtype, HCV-RNA, HIV, and treatment duration showed the factors associated with treatment failure to be male sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27–4.91; P = .008) and HIV infection (aOR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.13–4.38; P = .020). Conclusions. The results of this large prospective study analyzing outcomes for LDV/SOF against HCV G1 in treatment-naïve noncirrhotic patients suggest that HIV infection is a predictor of treatment failure in patients with chronic hepatitis C.This work was supported by the Spanish AIDS Research Network (RD16/0025/0017), which is included in the Spanish I+D+I Plan and is co-financed by ISCIII-Subdirección General de Evaluacion and European Funding for Regional Development (FEDER), and the Fondo de Investigación de Sanidad en España (FIS)/Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Spanish Health Research Funds; PI17/00657)

Evaluation of compliance with good prescription practices in the children's maternal hospital in capiatá, paraguay

The evaluation of “Good Prescription Practices” is essential to know what are the most frequent mistakes that health’s professionals develop at prescribing a drug to their patients and quantify it these errors are associated to serious adverse reactions. Errors in medical prescriptions are a health problem that can result in patient's health damage. Each Health institution must know these errors in order to perform actions to minimize them. The objective of this work is to quantify prescription errors in the Maternal-Children hospital in Capiatá, Paraguay in order to detect the points that require improvements. Methods: It is a crosssectional study that analyse pharmacological prescriptions, and type and quantity of medical errors. Variables studied were calligraphy, legible or illegible of letter; presence or lack of signature & stamp of the doctor; presence or lack of date; paper prescription with/without letterhead or institution stamp; concentration of the pharmaceutical form; omission of the pharmaceutical form; prescription by trade name; amendments in recipes. Results: 7836 prescriptions were analysed with a total of 15429 prescribed medications. It was detected 18.25% of an illegible prescription; 0.06% lack of doctor's signature or stamp; 12% omit the date; 1% were recipes without letterhead or seal of the institution; 18.4% drug concentration not registered; 14.5% do not clarify the pharmaceutical form or quantity to be dispensed; 34.6% had error or omission in the unit of measure; 0.9% carry out the prescription with a trade name and 0.16% submit an amendment to the recipe. Conclusion: the present study reveals that Good Prescriptions Practices are poorly performed in Paraguay’s Maternal & Children Hospital. As consequence, prescription errors are frequent, mostly of them severe; and potentially patient’s health is in risk. From this knowledge, the errors are now detected and can be corrected.Fil: Flecha Galeano, Liz Paola. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; ParaguayFil: Zully, Vera. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; ParaguayFil: Marin, Gustavo Horacio. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Departamento de Articulación de Ciencias Básicas y Clínicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Lugo, Gladys Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; ParaguayFil: Samaniego, Lourdes. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; ParaguayFil: Maidana, Gladys Mabel. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; Paragua

Dual-labeled nanoparticles based on small extracellular vesicles for tumor detection.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are emerging natural nanoplatforms in cancer diagnosis and therapy, through the incorporation of signal components or drugs in their structure. However, for their translation into the clinical field, there is still a lack of tools that enable a deeper understanding of their in vivo pharmacokinetics or their interactions with the cells of the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we have designed a dual-sEV probe based on radioactive and fluorescent labeling of goat milk sEVs. The imaging nanoprobe was tested in vitro and in vivo in a model of glioblastoma. In vitro assessment of the uptake of the dual probe in different cell populations (RAW 264.7, U87, and HeLa) by optical and nuclear techniques (gamma counter, confocal imaging, and flow cytometry) revealed the highest uptake in inflammatory cells (RAW 264.7), followed by glioblastoma U87 cells. In vivo evaluation of the pharmacokinetic properties of nanoparticles confirmed a blood circulation time of ~ 8 h and primarily hepatobiliary elimination. The diagnostic capability of the dual nanoprobe was confirmed in vivo in a glioblastoma xenograft model, which showed intense in vivo uptake of the SEV-based probe in tumor tissue. Histological assessment by confocal imaging enabled quantification of tumor populations and confirmed uptake in tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages, followed by cancer-associated fibroblasts and endothelial cells. We have developed a chemical approach for dual radioactive and fluorescent labeling of sEVs. This methodology enables in vivo and in vitro study of these vesicles after exogenous administration. The dual nanoprobe would be a promising technology for cancer diagnosis and a powerful tool for studying the biological behavior of these nanosystems for use in drug delivery.This study was supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, project “PI20/01632” and “PT20/00044”, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), “A way of making Europe”, by Comunidad de Madrid, project “Y2018/NMT-4949 (NanoLiver-CM)” and “S2017/ BMD-3867 (RENIM-CM)”, co-funded by the European Structural and Invest‑ ment Fund, and by Agencia Estatal de Investigación “PID2019‐110369RB‐I00/ AEI/https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033” grant. This work was also sup‑ ported by “Diagnosis and treatment follow‐up of severe Staphylococcal infec‑ tions with anti‐Staphylococcal antibodies and immune‐PET ‐ Grant Fundación BBVA a Equipos de Investigación Científca 2018 and Ramon Areces Grant “Imagen molecular de la infección por Clostridiodes difcile”. Grant EQC2019006674-P funded by MCIN/AEI /https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”. A. Santos-Coquillat is grateful for fnancial support from Consejería de Educación e Investigación Comunidad de Madrid, co-fnanced by European Social Fund (ESF) grant PEJD-2018-POST/BMD-9592 and the Sara Borrell Fellowship from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Insti‑ tuto de Salud Carlos III grant CD19/00136. M.I. González is funded by Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Intramural Programme for the Promotion of R&D&I 2021, Sub-programme "Predoctoral training contract".S

Evaluation of medication errors detected in private health sector prescriptions in Asuncion, Paraguay

The aim of the present research, performed in theNational University of Asuncion, is to determine the prevalence ofMedication Errors in prescription orders at the Private Health SectorPharmacy in Paraguay. Methods: This is a retrospectiveobservational study, whose main variable was the error inprescriptions, and its secondary variables were the number ofpatients reached by the errors and the type of error detected. Asimple random sampling technique was used to obtain 670 casesamong the universe of prescriptions made during the study period.Prescription errors were grouped according to the type of errorsfound. Results: 56.2% of the prescriptions received at the Pharmacysector have between 1 to 5 errors, and only in 43.8% of the cases, theprescriptions were complete. The most prevalent error was theomission of the patient's name, representing 51.58% of the totalerrors. The second most frequent type of error was the omission ofthe date of the prescription (20.18%), followed by errors in thepharmaceutical form (either by omission or by error) with 8.42%.Other types of errors represent percentages less than 8%. Theprevalence of prescription of medications by their generic namereached only 0.14 of the total prescriptions evaluated. Conclusion:In-depth training of prescribers of the Private Health Sector inParaguay is necessary. Encouraging the development of technicalskills in conjunction with active pharmaceutical care could improvethe quality of the prescription and reduce the amount of medicalerrors in the Paraguayan private health sector.Fil: Rotela de Grau, Virginia. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; ParaguayFil: Marin, Gustavo Horacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Departamento de Articulación de Ciencias Básicas y Clínicas; ArgentinaFil: Morinigo, Macarena. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; ParaguayFil: Samaniego, Lourdes. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; ParaguayFil: Marin, Lupe. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Maidana, Gladys. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; ParaguayFil: Lugo, Gladys Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; Paragua

Case related to the integrated palliative care process in primary health care level

La cirrosis hepática constituye una de las principales causas atribuibles a la mortalidad por consumo de alcohol. El caso que se presenta corresponde a un paciente de 58 años diagnosticado con dicha enfermedad terminal no oncológica e incluido en el Proceso Asistencial de Cuidados Paliativos, siguiendo una valoración según el modelo conceptual de Virginia Henderson y un plan de cuidados según la taxonomía North American Nursing Association, Nursing Intervention Classification, Nursing Outcomes Classification. De modo que, las intervenciones y actividades se basaron principalmente en apoyar emocionalmente tanto al paciente como a la cuidadora principal. El plan de cuidados transita desde su identificación, hasta el cuidado del enfermo en los últimos días de la vida.Liver cirrhosis is one of the main causes attributable to mortality due to alcohol consumption. The case presented corresponds to a 58-year-old patient diagnosed with this non-oncological terminal disease and included in the Palliative Care Process by following an assessment according to the Virginia Henderson conceptual model and a care plan according to the taxonomy North American Nursing Association, Nursing Intervention Classification, Nursing Outcomes Classification. Thus, the interventions and activities were mainly based on supporting emotionally both the patient and the main caregiver. The care plan goes from its identification to the care of the patient in the last days of life