36 research outputs found
Estimates of risk of anomaly for the different variables and groups.
<p>Probabilities of occurrence of an anomaly are plotted for all variables and groups. Bars shown are 95% confidence intervals for the risk estimates. <i>Abbreviations</i>: indef: indefinites; prono: pronouns; complcl: complement clauses; semrestr: violation of semantic selectional restrictions; fge: formal grammatical errors; person3: 3<sup>rd</sup> grammatical person; nofdeput: number of dependents per utterance; CONT: neurotypical controls; NON-TD: patients without thought disorder; TD: patients with thought disorder.</p
Results of the pairwise contrasts between groups for the four variables found to be significant in the general analyses.
<p>Results of the pairwise contrasts between groups for the four variables found to be significant in the general analyses.</p
Socio-demographic and clinical features of groups.
<p>Socio-demographic and clinical features of groups.</p
Structural and Functional Brain Correlates of Cognitive Impairment in Euthymic Patients with Bipolar Disorder
<div><p>Introduction</p><p>Cognitive impairment in the euthymic phase is a well-established finding in bipolar disorder. However, its brain structural and/or functional correlates are uncertain.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Thirty-three euthymic bipolar patients with preserved memory and executive function and 28 euthymic bipolar patients with significant memory and/or executive impairment, as defined using two test batteries, the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test (RBMT) and the Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS), plus 28 healthy controls underwent structural MRI using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Twenty-seven of the cognitively preserved patients, 23 of the cognitively impaired patients and 28 controls also underwent fMRI during performance of the n-back working memory task.</p><p>Results</p><p>No clusters of grey or white matter volume difference were found between the two patient groups. During n-back performance, the cognitively impaired patients showed hypoactivation compared to the cognitively preserved patients in a circumscribed region in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Both patient groups showed failure of de-activation in the medial frontal cortex compared to the healthy controls.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Cognitive impairment in euthymic bipolar patients appears from this study to be unrelated to structural brain abnormality, but there was some evidence for an association with altered prefrontal function.</p></div
Main peaks in the 33-degrees phantom data.
<p>Main peaks extracted from the fiber ODFs estimated in the phantom data with inter-fiber angle equal to 33 degrees and Rician noise with a SNR = 15 are shown. Results are based on reconstructions using 200 iterations. Peaks are visualized as thin cylinders.</p
Sequential-letter version of the n-back task with two levels of memory load, 1-back (green) and 2-back (red).
<p>Sequential-letter version of the n-back task with two levels of memory load, 1-back (green) and 2-back (red).</p
Demographic, neurocognitive and psychopathological characteristics of the groups.
<p>Demographic, neurocognitive and psychopathological characteristics of the groups.</p
Main peaks from the fiber ODFs estimated in the “HARDI Reconstruction Challenge 2013” phantom.
<p>Visualization of the main peaks extracted from the fiber ODFs reconstructed from the SMF-based data generated with SNR = 20 in a complex region of the “HARDI Reconstruction Challenge 2013” phantom. Results are based on reconstructions using 400 iterations. Peaks are visualized as thin cylinders.</p
Reconstruction accuracy of RUMBA-SD and dRL-SD measured in phantoms with different volume fractions.
<p>Reconstruction accuracy of RUMBA-SD (blue color) and dRL-SD (red color) is shown in terms of the volume fraction of the smaller fiber bundle (upper panel) and the success rate (middle panel) in the 41 synthetic phantoms with inter-fiber angle equal to 70 degrees, using different volume fractions. The lower panel shows results similar to those depicted in the upper panel but considering only voxels where the two fiber bundles were detected. The discontinuous diagonal black line in the upper and lower panels represents the ideal result as a reference. The continuous coloured lines in each plot denote the mean values for each method. The semi-transparent coloured bands represent the values within one standard deviation to both sides of the mean. Results refer to the datasets with SNR = 15 and dictionary created with the true diffusivities.</p
Scatter plots for the controls, cognitively preserved and cognitively impaired groups.
<p>Scatter plot of scores on (A) the RBMT and (B) the BADS. The horizontal lines show 5<sup>th</sup> percentile cutoffs for impairment.</p