5 research outputs found
Big Data Meets Telcos: A Proactive Caching Perspective
Mobile cellular networks are becoming increasingly complex to manage while
classical deployment/optimization techniques and current solutions (i.e., cell
densification, acquiring more spectrum, etc.) are cost-ineffective and thus
seen as stopgaps. This calls for development of novel approaches that leverage
recent advances in storage/memory, context-awareness, edge/cloud computing, and
falls into framework of big data. However, the big data by itself is yet
another complex phenomena to handle and comes with its notorious 4V: velocity,
voracity, volume and variety. In this work, we address these issues in
optimization of 5G wireless networks via the notion of proactive caching at the
base stations. In particular, we investigate the gains of proactive caching in
terms of backhaul offloadings and request satisfactions, while tackling the
large-amount of available data for content popularity estimation. In order to
estimate the content popularity, we first collect users' mobile traffic data
from a Turkish telecom operator from several base stations in hours of time
interval. Then, an analysis is carried out locally on a big data platform and
the gains of proactive caching at the base stations are investigated via
numerical simulations. It turns out that several gains are possible depending
on the level of available information and storage size. For instance, with 10%
of content ratings and 15.4 Gbyte of storage size (87% of total catalog size),
proactive caching achieves 100% of request satisfaction and offloads 98% of the
backhaul when considering 16 base stations.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
Big Data Caching for Networking: Moving from Cloud to Edge
In order to cope with the relentless data tsunami in wireless networks,
current approaches such as acquiring new spectrum, deploying more base stations
(BSs) and increasing nodes in mobile packet core networks are becoming
ineffective in terms of scalability, cost and flexibility. In this regard,
context-aware G networks with edge/cloud computing and exploitation of
\emph{big data} analytics can yield significant gains to mobile operators. In
this article, proactive content caching in G wireless networks is
investigated in which a big data-enabled architecture is proposed. In this
practical architecture, vast amount of data is harnessed for content popularity
estimation and strategic contents are cached at the BSs to achieve higher
users' satisfaction and backhaul offloading. To validate the proposed solution,
we consider a real-world case study where several hours of mobile data traffic
is collected from a major telecom operator in Turkey and a big data-enabled
analysis is carried out leveraging tools from machine learning. Based on the
available information and storage capacity, numerical studies show that several
gains are achieved both in terms of users' satisfaction and backhaul
offloading. For example, in the case of BSs with of content ratings
and Gbyte of storage size ( of total library size), proactive
caching yields of users' satisfaction and offloads of the
backhaul.Comment: accepted for publication in IEEE Communications Magazine, Special
Issue on Communications, Caching, and Computing for Content-Centric Mobile
Network
Leveraging Big Data Analytics for Cache-Enabled Wireless Networks
International audienceWhile 5G wireless networks are expected to handle the ever growing data avalanche, classical deployment/optimiza-tion approaches such as hyper-dense deployment of base stations or having more bandwidth are cost-inefficient, and are therefore seen as stopgaps. In this regard, context-aware approaches which exploits human predictability, recent advances in storage, edge/cloud computing and big data analytics are needed. In this article, we approach this problem from a proactive caching perspective where gains of cache-enabled base stations in 5G wireless are studied. In particular, huge amount of real data from a telecom operator in Turkey is collected/processed on a big data platform, and an analysis is carried out for content popularity estimation for caching, aiming to improve users' experience in terms of request satisfactions and offloading the backhaul. Subsequently, with this mobile traffic data collected from many base stations within several hours of time interval and the estimation of content popularity via machine learning tools, we investigate the gains of proactive caching via numerical simulations. The results show that proactive caching fulfils 100% of user request satisfaction and offloads 98% of the backhaul, in a setting of 16 base stations with 15.4 Gbyte of storage size (87% of the total catalog size) and 10% of content ratings
Byssinosis and Copd Rates Among Factory Workers Manufacturing Hemp and Jute
Objectives: Prior studies have been performed on cotton textile plants throughout the world. This study was planned to identify the rate of byssinosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in hemp and jute workers and those who worked with both of them. Material and Methods: The study was realized in a factory which consecutively processed hemp and jute. The study enrollment included 266 people, 164 of whom were active workers and 102 were retired. A questionnaire, plain chest X-rays, physical examination and pulmonary function tests were performed. Dust levels were measured in various sections of the factory during 8 h work shifts. Endotoxin levels of various quality hemp fibers and dusts were measured. Results: The rate of byssinosis (28.2%) was higher among the workers that who exposed to both jute and hemp dust. The frequency of chronic bronchitis in retired workers who previously smoked was higher (20%) as compared to currently smoking workers (17%). High dust levels were measured in some parts of the factory (mean (M) = 2.69 mg/m(3)). Working in dense dust areas, active smoking, being older than 40 years of age, being an ex-smoker, and working in the factory for a period exceeding 15 years were significantly associated with bronchitis and emphysema development. High endotoxin levels were determined for fine hemp dust (605 EU/mg), coarse hemp dust (336 EU/mg) and poor quality hemp fibers (114 EU/mg), whereas in fresh hemp stalks the level of endotoxin was determined to be lower (0.27 EU/mg). Conclusions: Because of high exposures to jute and hemp dusts that are associated with high byssinosis rates, personal protection and environmental hygiene is crucial to prevention of byssinosis
Hacettepe Dahiliye Ders Kitabı 2
Ondokuzuncu yüzyılın tıp literatürü, korku filmi gibidir. Hekimlerin, ellerine geçirdikleri her şeyi,
akıllarına gelen her yöntemi tedavi için kullandıkları görülür. Bilgiye değil, kulaktan dolma duyumlara
dayanan, “içten doğma” uydurma fikirlerle hastaların yelken kürek tedavi edilmeye çalışıldığı bir
dönemdir. Litrelerce kan alınır, barsaklar yüksek basınçlı lavmanlarla delik deşik edilir, hastalar buzlu
sulara yatırılıp uzuvlar gangren olana dek dondurulur, dondurmak işe yaramazsa kaynar kazanlara
sokulur, deriyi kabartan bitkisel merhemlerle epidermis eritilir, terkibi ikinci kez asla tutturulamayan
envai çeşit bitkisel karışımlarla organlar iflas ettirilirdi. Yirminci yüzyılın başında, modern tıbbın
kurucusu sayılan Dr. William Osler öncelikle bu “palavra tıbba” rest çekmiş, yeni bir çağı aralamıştır.
Çağdaşı olan bazı hünerli hekimlerle birlikte, önümüze gelen her hastayı, elimize geçirdiğimiz her şeyle,
bu şekilde rastgele tedavi edemeyiz, öncelikle hastalıkları tanımamız gerekir diyerek, tıbbın önceliğini
tanıya yöneltmişler, kendilerine kadar olan eski devirlerden miras iki ilaç (digoksin ve morfin) dışındaki
tüm o ilkel tedavi yöntemlerini reddetmişlerdir. Akıldışı eski tedavileri reddederek, yerine henüz yeni
bir tedavi seçenekleri de olmadığından; yalnızca (doğru) tanı koymaya çalışan ve hastanın prognozunu
tayin etmeye odaklanmış, tepkisel ve aslında bir bakıma muhafazakar yeni bir tıbbı başlatmışlardır. Tıp
eğitimini de bu doğrultuda değiştirip, çalakalem ilaç ve tedavi veren hekimler yerine; hastanın hastalığını
kavramaya çalışan, doğru tanı koyan hekimler yetiştirmeye yönelmişlerdir. Tıp eğitimindeki “hasta
başı vizitler” bizzat Dr. William Osler tarafından başlatılmıştır. Bu ekol, 1900’ların başında cesur bir
kararla, neyi tedavi ettiğini bilmeyen eski hekimlik pratiğini kapatıp, öncelikle hastalıkları kavramaya,
hastalarına titizlikle isabetli bir tanı koymaya odaklanmıştır. Bu devir, tıbbın rönesansı sayılır.
Kuruluşundan itibaren çağdaşı modern tıp dünyasının bir takipçisi ve aktörü olan Hacettepe Tıp Fakültesi;
hünerli hekimler, iyi klinisyenler yetiştirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Prof. Dr. Şeref Zileli’nin kurucusu olduğu İç
Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalımız, mezuniyet öncesi tıp eğitiminde yatay ve dikey entegrasyon modeliyle
klinik eğitim aşamasında, öğrencilerimize “dahiliye nosyonu” kazandırmayı hedeflemiştir. Dahiliye
nosyonu, hastaya saçından tırnağına bir bütün olarak bakabilmeyi; hastanın sorunlarını rasyonel bir
klinik denklem haline getirebilmeyi; semptomlarından başlayıp, fizik muayene ve isabetli tetkik seçimiyle
en doğru tanıyı koyabilmeyi ve hastaya en az zarar verecek en uygun tedaviyi planlayabilmeyi gerektirir.
Mezuniyet öncesi İç Hastalıkları Klinik Eğitim programımızın öğrenim hedefleriyle, içeriği ve ulusal
çekirdek müfredatımız gözetilerek hazırlanan bu kitap; İç Hastalıkları, Kardiyoloji, Göğüs Hastalıkları,
İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji anabilim dallarımız öğretim üyelerinin ortaklaşa titiz bir
çalışmasıdır