El grupo sulfinilo como elemento de estereocontrol en monofluorobencilación nucleófila y en alquilación y sustitución radicálica

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Orgánica. Fecha de lectura: 17-10-201

Stereochemical aspects and the synthetic scope of the SHi at the sulfur atom. Preparation of enantiopure 3-substituted 2,3-dihydro-1,2- benzoisothiazole 1-oxides and 1,1-dioxides

Intramolecular homolytic substitution (SHi) on the sulfur atom at acyclic N-(o-bromobenzyl)sulfinamides takes place with a complete inversion of the configuration and provides an excellent tool to connect N-tert-butanesulfinylimines with enantiopure 3-substituted benzo-fused sulfinamides (1,2-benzoisothiazoline 1-oxides) and the related pharmacologically relevant sulfonamidesThe Spanish Government (grant CTQ2012-35957) and Comunidad de Madrid (CCG08-UAM/PPQ-4151; S2009/PPQ1634

Asymmetric vinylogous Mukaiyama aldol reaction of isatins under bifunctional organocatalysis: Enantioselective synthesis of substituted 3-hydroxy-2-oxindoles

A highly enantioselective organocatalytic vinylogous Mukaiyama aldol reaction of silyloxy dienes and isatins under bifunctional organocatalysis is presented. Substituted 3-hydroxy-2-oxindoles are synthesised in good yields and enantioselectivities. These synthetic intermediates are used for the construction of more complex molecules with biological properties such as the formal synthesis of a CB2 agonist presentedThe Spanish Government (CTQ2015-64561-R) is acknowledged. V. L.-M. thanks the Autonomous university of Madrid for a predoctoral fellowship (FPI-UAM). J. A. F.-S. thanks the Spanish Government for a Juan de la Cierva Contrac

Volatile organic compounds removal by means of a felt-based living wall to improve indoor air quality

Currently, the population spends most of the time in indoor environments, which makes Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) very important for health and comfort. As vegetation can act as a biofilter capturing air pollutants, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of a living wall module in the removal of the Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOCs) for IAQ improvement. An airtight glass chamber was used to release contaminants, monitoring the TVOCs both with the chamber empty (control) and with a small Fytotextile® living wall module planted with Nephrolepis exaltata L. A substantial reduction of TVOCs was observed when the living wall was inside the chamber. In few hours, TVOCs levels were reduced below the recommended limit (following Spanish regulations). More tests are recommended considering different plant species and other variables related to the IAQ.Junta de Andalucía - P18-TP-165

Effect of the Composition of Mixed Recycled Aggregates on Physical–Mechanical Properties

Recycled aggregates (RA) from construction and demolition waste are an alternative to natural aggregates in the construction sector. They are usually classified according to their composition. The main constituent materials are separated into the following categories: unbound natural aggregates, ceramic particles, cementitious particles, bituminous materials, and other materials considered impurities, such as glass, plastic, wood, or gypsum. In this research, a large number of samples of RA were collected from three different recycling plants and their properties were studied. After that, 35 samples were selected randomly, and their RA constituents were separated under laboratory conditions. Cementitious particles were differentiated into two subcategories: masonry mortar and concrete particles. Subsequently, their physical–mechanical properties were measured. The statistical analysis carried out exhibited that the constituents had a statistically significant influence on the physical–mechanical properties studied. Specifically, masonry mortar particles had higher water absorption and worse mechanical properties than concrete and ceramic particles. Secondly, multiple regression models were performed to predict the physical–mechanical properties of RA from their composition since mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) ranged between 0.9% and 8.6%. The differentiation in the subcategories of concrete and masonry mortar particles in compositional testing is useful for predicting the physical–mechanical properties of RA

Strong-LAMP Assay Based on a Strongyloides spp.-Derived Partial Sequence in the 18S rRNA as Potential Biomarker for Strongyloidiasis Diagnosis in Human Urine Samples

Human strongyloidiasis a soil-transmitted infection caused by Strongyloides stercoralis is one of the most neglected amongst the so-called Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs). S. stercoralis is a nematode, which is distributed worldwide; it has been estimated that it could affect millions of people, mainly in tropical and subtropical endemic regions. The difficulties of diagnosis lead to infection rates being underreported. Asymptomatic patients have chronic infections that can lead to severe hyperinfection syndrome or disseminated strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised patients. Strongyloidiasis can easily be misdiagnosed because conventional faecal-based techniques lack of sensitivity for the morphological identification of infective larvae in faeces. None of the currently used molecular methods have used urine samples as an alternative to faecal samples for diagnosing strongyloidiasis. This study was thus aimed at comparing, for the first time, the use of a new loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) molecular assay (Strong-LAMP) to traditional methods on patients' urine samples. Twenty-four urine samples were taken from patients included in a study involving two Spanish hospitals for strongyloidiasis screening using parasitological and serological tests. Strongyloides larvae were found in 11 patients' faecal samples, thereby ascertaining that they had the disease. Other patients had high antibody titres but no larvae were found in their faeces. All urine samples were analysed by PCR and Strong-LAMP assay. No amplification occurred when using PCR. Strong-LAMP led to detecting S. stercoralis DNA in urine samples from patients having previously confirmed strongyloidiasis by parasitological tests and/or a suspicion of being infected by serological ones. The Strong-LAMP assay is a useful molecular tool for research regarding strongyloidiasis in human urine samples. After further validation, the Strong-LAMP assay could also be used for complementary and effective diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in a clinical setting