A framework for antecedents of social entrepreneurial intention: Empirical evidence and research agenda

Social entrepreneurship (SE) increasingly contributes to diversity in entrepreneurship. The different approaches to SE suggest a variety of antecedents which drive individuals' intention to become social entrepreneurs. While this variety of antecedents is insightful, it also creates a need for systemisation and prioritization. We address this need by introducing an integrative, multi-level framework for person-based antecedents of SE-intention. Based on this multi-level framework the antecedents are grouped on three theoretical levels which refer to an individual's (1) personality, (2) cognition, and (3) entrepreneurial exposition. When testing our framework with 499 South African University students we find support for the multi-level framework and its notion that antecedents from the diverse levels complement each other. Therefore, this study provides a structure for person-based antecedents of SE-intention and additionally points to future research which may extend the proposed framework.</p

Experimental task.

<p>Left: identical condition; middle: experimental condition with two congruent arrows rotated in a 90° angle; right: experimental condition with two incongruent arrows rotated in a 90° angle.</p

Effects of task difficulty.

<p>Areas showing an increase of brain activation with an increase of task difficulty (i.e, rotation angle; <i>p</i><.05, FWE corrected).</p

Intelligence x task difficulty. Significant clusters for the interaction between visuo-spatial intelligence and task difficulty (<i>p</i><.001, uncorrected; p_Cluster[FWE]<.05, k>50).

<p>Intelligence x task difficulty. Significant clusters for the interaction between visuo-spatial intelligence and task difficulty (<i>p</i><.001, uncorrected; p_Cluster[FWE]<.05, k>50).</p

Task-related activation. Presented are significant clusters identified in the contrast ROTATION > IDENTICAL (<i>p</i><10⁻⁸, FWE corrected, k>100).

<p>Task-related activation. Presented are significant clusters identified in the contrast ROTATION > IDENTICAL (<i>p</i><10⁻⁸, FWE corrected, k>100).</p

Task-related activation.

<p>Activation is shown for the contrast experimental > ident, with a significance level of P<10⁻⁸ (FDR).</p

Relationship between intelligence and brain activation.

<p>Scatter plot of the relationship between intelligence and %SC values in posterior cingulate and precuneus for both genders.</p

Task-difficulty related activation. Presented are significant clusters identified with task difficulty (rotation angle) as regressor of interest (<i>p</i><.05, FWE corrected, k>50).

<p>Task-difficulty related activation. Presented are significant clusters identified with task difficulty (rotation angle) as regressor of interest (<i>p</i><.05, FWE corrected, k>50).</p

Interaction of task difficulty and intelligence.

<p>Areas showing an increase of brain activation with an increase of task difficulty (i.e., rotation angle) for people with higher visuo-spatial intelligence (<i>p</i><10⁻³, uncorrected).</p