Impact of building services integration on heritage shophouse facade in George Town,Penang

Penyelidikan ini adalah kajian terhadap fasad rumah-rumah kedai di George Town, Pulau Pinang dan bagaimana ianya terkesan oleh pemasangan elemen perkhidmatan bangunan moden. This research is a study on the facade of shophouses in George Town, Penang and how they are affected by the installation of modern building services elements

Penang/ Georgetown's Shophouse Facade And Visual Problems, Analytic Study

The architectural form of Penang/Georgetown shophouses is now threatened by urban development, which involves many kinds of visual problems causes. The purpose of this study is to clarify these problems, review the visual properties of shophouse facade, and how the visual problems affect the exterior design of shophouse facade. The research background contains historical information about Georgetown World Heritage Site (GTWHS) and shophouse styles, the possible causes for visual problems associated with historical areas, along with other studies about architectural form analysis. However, a graphic analysis applied on shophouse facade styles, applying the architectural formal ideas on them, after that, each visual problems cause is linked to architectural feature affected by it, in order to determine the negative impact made by them. Lastly, points of recommendations established to preserve the original typology of shophouse facade

Burnout among surgeons before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an international survey

Background: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had many significant impacts within the surgical realm, and surgeons have been obligated to reconsider almost every aspect of daily clinical practice. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study reported in compliance with the CHERRIES guidelines and conducted through an online platform from June 14th to July 15th, 2020. The primary outcome was the burden of burnout during the pandemic indicated by the validated Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure. Results: Nine hundred fifty-four surgeons completed the survey. The median length of practice was 10 years; 78.2% included were male with a median age of 37 years old, 39.5% were consultants, 68.9% were general surgeons, and 55.7% were affiliated with an academic institution. Overall, there was a significant increase in the mean burnout score during the pandemic; longer years of practice and older age were significantly associated with less burnout. There were significant reductions in the median number of outpatient visits, operated cases, on-call hours, emergency visits, and research work, so, 48.2% of respondents felt that the training resources were insufficient. The majority (81.3%) of respondents reported that their hospitals were included in the management of COVID-19, 66.5% felt their roles had been minimized; 41% were asked to assist in non-surgical medical practices, and 37.6% of respondents were included in COVID-19 management. Conclusions: There was a significant burnout among trainees. Almost all aspects of clinical and research activities were affected with a significant reduction in the volume of research, outpatient clinic visits, surgical procedures, on-call hours, and emergency cases hindering the training. Trial registration: The study was registered on clicaltrials.gov "NCT04433286" on 16/06/2020